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Biomedical subjects

A A Bernard

Publications and source records attributed to A A Bernard.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Joint replacement. The final solution?

Joint replacement is now a well established procedure that provides pain relief, mobility and stability to arthritic joints. The development of hip and knee replacement surgery is used to highlight some basic principles of joint replacement. The results of total knee replacements performed by the senior author were analysed in two separate, 2 to 5 year follow-up studies using the Scoring System of The Knee Society of America. Both studies confirm the reproducible, good results of this procedure. Indeed, the demand for this type of surgery has increased and in Malta, at present, the number of knee replacements performed out-numbers hip replacements by two to one. After total knee replacement rheumatoid arthritis patients have results that compare well with those of osteoarthritis patients. These patients, in particular, should benefit from early joint replacement.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1991

Intracapsular fractures of the neck of femur. Parallel or crossed garden screws?

The results of treatment in 242 patients with intracapsular fractures of the neck of femur treated with Garden screws are presented with reference as to whether the screws were crossed or parallel. The incidence both of nonunion and of avascular necrosis was less in those fractures treated with parallel screws. The outcome was also superior if the reduction was good.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Ice skating accidents and injuries.

A total of 169 consecutive injuries to ice skaters is reviewed. The majority resulted from falls and occurred in young people with little or no previous skating experience. Speed and crowding on the ice may be contributory. Injuries occur because of a casual attitude to the sport and because of a lack of awareness of the potentially serious injuries that can result. It would be beneficial for beginners to undergo specific instruction and, if possible, at separate times or in separate areas.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1987

The role of trochanteric wire revision after total hip replacement.

Fifty-nine cases of trochanteric wire revision following hip arthroplasty with trochanteric osteotomy and reattachment were identified and their outcome was studied. Two were infected and were excluded. Five were revised for instability: four became stable while one continued to have persistent dislocation. Fifty-two were revised for pain, 36 by removal of the trochanteric wire and 16 by reattachment of the greater trochanter. Successful relief of pain was obtained in less than half the cases. There was no difference in the incidence of back pain, wiring technique, trochanteric advancement, previous surgery to the same hip, trochanteric size or the pattern of wire breakage in the successfully treated group and the unsuccessful group. Neither was the removal of intact wire from a united trochanter any more certain of relieving pain than removal of broken wire from an un-united trochanter. Six patients later required revision for loosening or infection. These results indicate the need for full radiological and haematological investigation before exploration of the greater trochanter. At exploration for pain the wires should simply be removed as we could show no successful union after late reattachment of the trochanter in the absence of instability.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The influence of orally-administered vitamin C or zinc on the absorption of and the biological response to lead.

A single-blind study was performed on male workers from a primary lead smelter to determine whether a daily oral supplement of vitamin C (1 g vitamin C orally once a day, five times a week for 20 weeks) or zinc (60 mg zinc as zinc gluconate once a day, five times a week for eight weeks) influences the absorption of and the biological (hematological and renal) response to lead. The vitamin C and the zinc study groups comprised 39 and 11 workers, respectively. Their blood levels of lead at the start of the experiment ranged from 28.9 to 76.4 micrograms/100 ml. A matched control group receiving a placebo was followed simultaneously. The results demonstrate that, in workers whose exposure to inorganic lead is moderate and who do not suffer from nutritional deficiencies, oral supplementation of vitamin C or zinc does not influence the metabolism and biological action of lead.

Absorption↗
PubMed1977

Cerebrospinal fluid changes in experimental cardiopulmonary bypass using hemodilution with glucose water.

Cardiopulmonary bypass using hemodilution with isotonic glucose water was performed on seven dogs. Intense systemic metabolic acidosis, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, and hyperglycemia were accompanied by only comparatively small changes in the corresponding cerebrospinal fluid values. The data suggested that in the present study, cardiopulmonary bypass was not associated with gross disruptions of the barriers for bicarbonate, sodium, chloride, and glucose between blood and cerebrospinal fluid.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An improved screening system for the early detection of congenital dislocation of the hip.

A screening programme for congenital dislocation of the hip in which physiotherapists examine all neonates is described, together with the results over a 7-year period. All easily reducible dislocated and dislocatable hips are splinted within 2-5 days of birth. Subluxable or "slidey" hips are identified and followed up but not splinted. Risk groups are also identified and followed up. There was a progressive decrease in the number of late diagnosed cases, a result suggesting that even late-presenting acetabular dysplasia can be eliminated by neonatal screening.

England↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Early results of medial approach open reduction in congenital dislocation of the hip: use before walking age.

The operative findings and results in our first 40 consecutive open reductions of the congenitally dislocated hip by the medial approach are presented. These were all performed by one surgeon before walking age and, with one exception, all patients were aged less than 11 months at operation. Follow-up was from 2 to 7 years (mean 4.6 years). A vascular necrosis did not occur, but coxa magna and significant acetabular dysplasia were each present in one case. We have not performed any secondary operations.

Age Factors↗