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Biomedical subjects

A A Cardoni

Publications and source records attributed to A A Cardoni.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

New directions in clinical psychopharmacology.

This paper reviews the current clinical use of psychotropic drugs and suggests new directions for future drug development. The author reviews the contemporary pharmacotherapy of depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder and summarizes current trends in the drug treatment of psychiatric aspects of HIV disease. The increasing use of combination pharmacotherapy is discussed, as well as the impact of pharmacokinetics in clinical psychopharmacology. The use of botanical products for psychiatric disorders and tobacco use in the psychiatric patient are also addressed. Current research is producing drugs that have greater specificity in their mechanism of action effecting faster clinical response with minimum adverse effects.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMed1995

Risperidone: review and assessment of its role in the treatment of schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVE: To review pharmacologic, pharmacokinetic, therapeutic, and safety information for the antipsychotic agent risperidone and to evaluate its place in the treatment of schizophrenia. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE and Exerpta Medica databases; Janssen Pharmaceuticals; Food and Drug Administration Psychopharmacology Advisory Committee; PJB Publications; published articles and abstracts; unpublished research reports and abstracts. STUDY SELECTION: In vivo animal studies (pharmacology); volunteer studies (pharmacokinetics); clinical case reports, open clinical studies, and controlled clinical studies (clinical efficacy and adverse effects; long-term studies; studies in special populations. DATA EXTRACTION: Relevant data were extracted from published and unpublished source documents, evaluated, and summarized in tables for comparative review. Abstracts were used in 6 of 8 pharmacokinetic studies, 4 of 8 open clinical studies, and 2 of 9 controlled clinical studies. Use of abstracts limits the extent of data extracted. DATA SYNTHESIS: Risperidone is an effective treatment for positive symptoms of schizophrenia and may be effective for negative symptoms. Efficacy in treatment-resistant patients is inconclusive. In patients in whom low-to-moderate dosage is effective, there should be fewer and less severe adverse effects with risperidone than with haloperidol. Optimal dosage for schizophrenia appears to be 6 mg/d. Although data are limited, risperidone may be toxic on overdose. CONCLUSIONS: Risperidone is a useful addition to the antipsychotic drug armamentarium, but it should be viewed as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It is reasonable to consider a trial of risperidone in treatment-resistant schizophrenic patients prior to the use of clozapine and as a first-line treatment for newly diagnosed patients with schizophrenia.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1993

Psychopharmacology of nicotine: implications for pharmacotherapy in psychiatry.

Cigarette smoking is inconsistent with good health. In psychiatric patients it may also impede recovery through direct CNS effects of nicotine and indirect kinetic effects of enzyme-inducing agents. Psychiatric health professionals should promote smoking cessation with patient education and use of transdermal nicotine coupled with behavioral support.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Clinical pharmacy education in new England: a report of the Whispering Pines Conference.

Clinical pharmacy practice as it relates to the future of the pharmacy profession has been examined at Hilton Head in 1985 and at regional conferences throughout the U.S. between 1986 and 1988. However, clinical pharmacy education and its role in the future of the profession had not been the focus of this type of "futuristic" conference. In 1988, the clinical pharmacy faculties from the four colleges of pharmacy in New England met to discuss the "Directions for Clinical Pharmacy Education in New England." Through a series of workshops, and stimulated by challenges from keynote speakers, the participants focused on the current status of clinical pharmacy education in New England, the barriers to change, and the strategies required to accomplish these changes. Consensus on prioritization of changes and their strategies was reached, and those that could be implemented in the near future were identified. Since the conference, changes have occurred and the professional networking that began at the conference has continued. This paper is a summary of the proceedings of this conference.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1983

Psychiatric pharmacy in a partial hospital program.

Psychiatric pharmacy practice in a partial hospital program (PHP) is described. The program's objectives are: (1) to provide a transitional setting in which to assist persons with psychiatric disorders to reenter the community after hospitalization; (2) to provide more structured and intensive therapy than is available in an outpatient setting; and (3) to diagnose and treat early psychiatric symptoms, providing an alternative to hospitalization. The pharmacist conducts medication history interviews, co-directs a weekly medication group, participates in weekly medication clinic, provides individual consultation, teaches pharmacy students, participates in health care group, and provides inservice education to the staff. Clinical pharmacy services in a psychiatric partial hospital program increase knowledge of psychotropic drug efficacy and side effects in PHP staff, increase learning about these medications in PHP clients, and can result in safer and more effective use of medication.

Connecticut↗
PubMed1983

Drug information centers: meeting future needs for drug information.

Future trends in drug information services are discussed. Drug information centers (DICs) have developed from being the first clinical pharmacy service 20 years ago to providing a necessary support role for clinical pharmacy practitioners today. The necessary training for drug information pharmacists is described, and continued involvement of these pharmacists in clinical practice is recommended. The shift of health care from hospitals to outpatient clinics means that DICs will have to provide drug information services to community practitioners in the future. Alternative funding sources for DICs, including fee-for-service payment plans, must be developed. The merits of establishing regional DICs and marketing services directly to patients are outlined.

Drug Information Services↗
PubMed1978

Methadone for pain.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Impact of drug information services on patient care.

The use of information provided by the Drug Information Service of the University of Connecticut Health Center and its effect on patient care were investigated. All drug information requests received during the period from May 1 to August 15, 1977, were reviewed and followed up to determine (1) the usefulness of the information provided, (2) specific outcome(s) of applying the information to a patient-specific problem and (3) the ultimate effect of these outcomes on the patient. A total of 491 requests were received and 443 (90%) of these were followed up. Of those followed up, 421 (95%) were related to patient care. Of the 421 requests related to patient care, 350 (83%) were patient-specific. Of the 350 patient-specific requests, 329 (94%) were judged by the requestors to have provided useful information. Of these 329 requests, 202 (58%) resulted in provision of information that affected patients' outcomes, of which 157 (78%) had positive effects on patients. It is concluded that (1) the drug information center is providing useful information to health professionals, (2) the information is being applied to patient-specific problems and (3) use of the information is having a positive impact on patient care.

Connecticut↗