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Biomedical subjects

A A Chérif

Publications and source records attributed to A A Chérif.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

A longitudinal study of callosal atrophy and interhemispheric dysfunction in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

OBJECTIVES: To determine if callosal atrophy and interhemispheric dysfunction can be detected in the early stages of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and to evaluate their progression in relation to the disability and evolution of lesions seen on magnetic resonance imaging during a 5-year period. METHODS: We compared 30 patients who had clinically definite early-onset replasing-remitting MS and mild disability with control subjects. Regional and segmental callosal size and extent of white matter abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging, as well as performance on tasks exploring interhemispheric transfer of motor, auditory, and sensory information were assessed. Patients with MS were evaluated at baseline and after 5 years. Physical disability was determined at both times using the Expanded Disability Status Scale score. RESULTS: Patients with MS were seen with significant callosal atrophy and functional impairment of interhemispheric transfer at baseline that worsened during the 5-year study. A significant correlation was found between the magnitude of disability and the severity of morphological and functional callosal involvement at baseline. This association persisted at year 5. Baseline clinical characteristics such as age and prestudy relapse rate were unrelated to callosal size or interhemispheric performance. However, the number of baseline T2-weighted lesions was correlated with callosal involvement and this relation persisted at year 5. CONCLUSION: Patients who had relapsing-remitting MS in the early stages of the disease and mild disability had significant callosal involvement that progressed over time. The relationship between disability, T2-weighted lesions load, and degree of morphological and functional callosal impairment confirm the potential value of using callosal dysfunction as a surrogate marker of disease progression in MS.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Angiodysplasia of moya-moya type disclosed by choreic unvoluntary abnormal movements during oral contraception. Apropos of 2 cases].

Two seventeen year-old women, developed acute onset left choreic movements following two months and two weeks use of oral contraceptives. Left hemiparesia appeared a few days later, while involuntary movements discontinued. Cranial CT scan and MRI showed bilateral ischemic lesion in the frontal region for the first case and isolated lesion in the right centrum ovale for the second. Angiography showed nearly complete obstruction of the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery with an outline Moya-Moya network. After discontinuing oral contraceptives, there has been no relapse of neurologic dysfunction for more than three years for the first case and twelve months for the second one. The role of perfusion insufficiency in limb-shaking carotid transient ischemic attack is discussed and the possible relations between oral contraceptives, chorea and angiographic features resembling Moya-Moya disease are evaluated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Acute myelopathies in young patients and multiple sclerosis. prospective study of 20 cases].

The risk of progression to multiple sclerosis (MS) after an episode of acute non compressive episode involving the spinal cord remains uncertain. A follow-up study was performed to determine the risk of early progression to MS in 20 patients presenting with clinically isolated lesions of the spinal cord, combined clinical evaluation, spinal and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), visual, brainstem auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials (VEPs, BAEPs, SEPs), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) electrophoresis analysis. Spinal cord MRI demonstrated more lesions in cervical region (74 p. 100) than thoracic or lumbar regions (26 p. 100). Six patients (30 p. 100) had an initial brain MRI that was strongly suggestive of MS and 5 patients (25 p. 100) had only one MS-like abnormality. Eight patients (40 p. 100) had abnormal VEPs, 3 (15 p. 100) abnormal BAEPSs and only 44 p. 100 (8/18) abnormal SEPs. In contrast, CSF analysis showed oligoclonal bands (CSFOB) in 15/19 patients (79 p. 100). The diagnosis of MS was performed initially in 13 cases (65 p. 100) (clinically definite MS (CDMS) in 30 p. 100, laboratory-supported definite MS (LSDMS) in 61 p. 100 and clinically probable (CPMS) in one case). During the follow-up period (18 +/- 7 months), 8 patients (40 p. 100) presented one or more exacerbations and time to the first recurrence was 8 +/- 5 months. Seven of these 8 patients were initially treated by infusion of methylprednisolone. Among these patients, all of them had CSF OB and initial brain MRI was strongly suggestive of MS in 3 of them. During this follow-up period, brain MRI showed emergence of lesions in 4 cases with normal initial examination and 3 of them presented exacerbations. At the follow-up term, the diagnosis of MS was performed in 15 cases (75 p. 100) CDMs in 66 p. 100, LSDMS in 26 p. 100 and CPMS in one case). This confirms the predictive value of brain MRI and CSF OB for the diagnosis of MS in patients who present with clinically isolated acute syndrome of the spinal cord.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Amnesic syndromes].

Amnesic syndromes are rare, but they constitute very useful models to study the neurobiological substrates of human memory. The causes and semiological formulae of these syndromes are varied, but they are all characterized by anterograde amnesia combined with a retrograde amnesic disorder and by elective damage of episodic and declarative memories, the semantic and procedural memories, as well as intelligence, being usually spared. Amnesic syndromes are divided into two main types: the simplest one, type 1, is thought to be a defective storage, whilst the more complex type 2 is regarded as defective encoding associated with disturbances in retrieval dependent on more diffuse meso-diencephalic, septal, hypothalamic and sometimes frontal lesions. The lesional substrate of amnesic syndromes comprises the hippocampo-mammilo-thalamo-cingulum axial complex and its connections with the mesencephalon and the basal forebrain.

Amnesia↗
PubMed1976

[Tardive spino-cerebellar degeneration with amyotrophia, complicating a severe case of pallido-luysian degeneration and diffuse histological lesions of senility. (Anatomo-clinical study of a case with nosographic discussion)].

Anatomo-clinical findings are reported in a case of central nervous system degeneration which began at age 47 and progressed over a three year period. Information obtained prior to the patient's death suggested probable spinocerebellar degeneration with amyotrophies. Postmortem anatomical examination confirmed this diagnosis but also revealed the existence of unsuspected lesions. These clinically non-manifested lesions involved severe pallido-luysian degeneration as well as numerous and diffuse senile plaques. The nosological implications of this case are discussed.

Axons↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ptosis and asthenia manifesting a mitochondrial myopathy].

We report a case of mitochondrial myopathy discovered in a 55-year old woman who was being investigated for the cause of her asthenia. Physical examination showed ptosis of the upper eyelid and proximal muscle deficit. Histological examination of a muscle biopsy disclosed rare fibres with mitochondrial aggregates. Biochemical exploration of muscle tissue revealed a double enzyme deficit involving complexes I and IV of the respiratory chain. Clinical improvement was obtained after the patient was put on coenzyme Q10. We conclude that a diagnosis of mitochondrial myopathy must be considered in patients, including middle-aged adults, presenting with muscular asthenia.

Asthenia↗