Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A A Dreval'.
Changes in bile ducts in cholestasis are characterized by activation of proliferation and hypertrophy of cholangiocytes and degenerative and necrobiotic changes in ductal epithelium. Long-term cholestasis led to massive necrosis of cholangiocytes. Inflammatory changes in the choledochal mucosa were most pronounced in patients with choledocholithiasis.
Inflammatory process in mandibular bone was induced in 39 outbred rats by a pure culture of Bacteroides fragilis and by an associative culture of B. fragilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Anaerobic microflora notably aggravated the course of inflammation. In contrast to inflammation in other parts of the skeleton, inflammation of the jaws involves a high risk of infection of the oral cavity by pathogenic microflora. A variety of microorganisms is isolated from the focus: from gram-positive staphylococci to gram-negative enterobacteria, which fact should be borne in mind when planning antibiotic therapy. Combined use of antibiotics active towards the entire spectrum of agents detected in this study is the most effective.
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Morphofunctional disorders in spiral ganglion in animals of different groups of age with neurosensory hardness of hearing due to ototoxic antibiotics have been shown. Antibiotic intoxication in kittens in early postnatal period arouses essential deviation from normal process of development of neurocytes in spiral ganglion. In the first rate low level of their metabolic activity must be shown. Delay of differentiation of neurocytes makes essential influence on the development of spiral ganglion as the unit of transmission of audio-information. The main feature of morphofunctional disorders in neurocytes of ganglion of grown-up animals is inhibition of protein synthesis mechanism activity.
A new method for calculation of low laser-energy exposure in biological tissues has been worked out. This method allows to determine the exposition of laser-treatment in each laser exposure more exactly.
Neurocytes of the cranial cervical sympathetic ganglion have been studied in normally developing and partly guanidine-desympathized rats at 1 and 12 months of age. In ganglia of the both age groups less than 20% of the cells are preserved. But the somatic development of the animals does not change, and an average volume of the neural cells in the experiment exceeds that of the control. At the age of 1 month in the experimental rats the incorporation of the protein biosynthesis labelled precursor in the neural cells increases, as does its amount evacuated into the terminals at a slow rate. Together with some ultrastructural rearrangements in the perikaryons it could demonstrate certain hyperplastic processes that are possibly directed towards an increased adrenergic innervation in the periphery at the expense of growing processes. Age changes in all the rats occur similarly, nevertheless, certain acceleration of the age dynamics is observed in the partly desympathized animals.
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Two unusual cases of early embryogenesis are described: a giant cleaving egg and the presence of two generations of embryos in the genital tract of a female--at the stage of implantation and at the stage of two blastomeres. The ability of development of the second generation was tested in vitro experiments.
This paper discusses the effects of cochlear implantation on spiral ganglion neurocytes. It presents morphometric data and hearing measurements obtained from the treated animals. Cochlear implantation led to the death of some neurons and compensatory rearrangement of others. The number of the survivors was greater than that of degenerative cells. The functional variations were consistent with changes in the quality of spiral ganglion neurons and amplitude of the SSP EP peak at different postoperative intervals.
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It has been shown in rat experiments that low-energy laser (transcutaneous action on liver tissue) increases the functional activity of intact hepatocytes, activating the regeneration of injured parenchyma.
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