Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A A Fokina.
A new strategy for engineering of catalytic two-component constructions based on 10-23 DNAzyme was proposed. The using of a combination of shortened DNAzyme with 2'-O-methyl oligomers as effectors significantly increased the catalytic activity of this DNAzyme.
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A prolonged administration (up to 25 days) of prednisolone to rats (0.4 mg per 100 g of the body mass) reveals some functional-morphological changes in the secretory apparatus and mucin production in the stomach and the duodenum: an increased functional activity of parietal, principle, Ecl- and G-cells of the stomach, Ec-cells and goblet cells of the duodenum (except Ec-cells and goblet cells in the outlet part of the stomach), and by the end of the experiment--hyperplasia of the parietal, G-cells and goblet cells. A conclusion is made that the increased acido-peptic activity of the gastric juice and the erosive-ulcerous complications under a prolonged administration of prednisolone result from an increased functional activity of the fundal glands, G-, Ecl-cells and Ec-cells of the duodenum with a subsequent hyperplasia of the G-cells by the 25th day of the experiment, as well as an insufficient mucin formation in the mucous membrane of the stomach, especially in its outlet part as a consequence of a decreased functional activity of the Ec-cells.
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In chronic experiments on dogs, administration of neurotensin into cerebral structures (hypothalamus, caudate nucleus) or into the blood flow exerted the same effect: enhancement of the pancreas secretory function, depending on the dosage of the i.v. administration. In contrast, peripheral administration of neurotensin analogue: the DTr11-neurotensin inhibited the pancreas secretory function. Administration of the DTr11-neurotensin into the cerebral structures increased the secretory activity of the pancreas. The hypothalamus and the caudate nucleus seem to have receptors sensitive to neurotensin and DTr11-neurotensin.
In acute experiments on rats, pancreozimine and glycagon increased 2-3 fold the gastrin contents in the blood serum and duodenum tissues. Within 15 min of glycagon administration the gastrin contents increased 2 fold and then reduced in the mucosa of the stomach antral portion. Administration of pancreozimine elicited the opposite effect. After the action of these hormones the amount of argentaffine cells obviously decreased in the stomach antral portion.
Chronic experiments in dogs revealed that administration of neurotensin (3 and 10 mkg in 1.5 mkl) into the caudate nucleus altered the parameters of conditioned and unconditioned food reflexes: shortened the latency by 31% and augmented the reflexes by 56%. The microapplication of neurotensin in the same dosage into the posterior hypothalamus increased the stomach secretory function induced by histamine administration. The caudate nucleus and the hypothalamus seem to contain cells which have the receptors for neurotensin and take part in the mechanisms of conditioning and central influences on the digestive system's organs.
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The gastric secretion induced by histamine increased under the influence of enkephalin analog Tyr--D--Ala--Gly--Phe(NO2)NH2. The enkephalin analog Tyr--Gly--Gly--Phe--Leu--D--Arg increased the amount of gastric juice and pepsin, but the debit of hydrochloric acid was lower than in perfusion of histamine alone. Another analog of enkephalin Tyr--D--Ala--Gly--Phe--D--Leu--Arg administered together with histamine decreased the gastric juice secretion only within 90--105 min after the beginning of the perfusion.
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