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Biomedical subjects

A A Genkin

Publications and source records attributed to A A Genkin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Influence of berotec inhalations on pulmonary gas exchange in patients with bronchial asthma].

AIM: To determine mechanisms inducing changes in lung gas exchange after berotec inhalation in patients with bronchial asthma (BA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A study was made of external respiration function including estimation of lung transfer factor (TLCO sbh.) and its components--transfer coefficient (KCO), membrane diffusion capacity (DM), pulmonary capillary blood volume (Vc)--by the single breath holding method on CO in 14 healthy persons and 39 patients with BA before and after berotec inhalation. The data were obtained in the absolute values and their changes after berotec inhalation were measured in percent to initial ones. RESULTS: In healthy subjects we did not observe changes of TLCO sbh. and its components after berotec inhalation, only an insignificant decrease of VA eff. was registered (p < 0.01). After berotec inhalation a considerable improvement in Sgaw, FEV1, RPV and a decrease of TLCO sbh., KCO were observed. Changes in TLCO sbh. were caused by a decrease in DM without changes in VA eff. in BA patients with initial normal values of KCO. In patients with smaller initial values of KCO moderate improvement of bronchial permeability without changes in KCO, PaO2 were observed. These changes occurred due to a decrease of VA eff. CONCLUSION: Changes of the transfer factor and its components in patients with BA reflect two types of adaptation reactions in response to berotec inhalation and their role in mechanisms of compensation of gas exchange in the lungs.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1998

[Tumor diseases of the blood system: age, cholesterol level and erythrocyte count].

AIM: Illustration of potentialities of computer technologies in processing data from case histories MATERIALS AND METHODS: Routine clinical and laboratory data on 263 hemoblastosis patients were processed with the use of the exploring system. RESULTS: A paradoxical negative relationship was discovered between blood cholesterol and age (R = -0.345, p < 0.00001), and a positive correlation between cholesterol and number of red cells (R = 0.379, p < 0.00001). In comparison of groups with low and high cholesterol, the latter group showed more favourable values of hemoglobin, red cells, other hematological and biochemical parameters. It seems that among hemoblastosis patients and healthy subjects there are subjects with standard age-related changes of cholesterol and paradoxical changes (a negative correlation). The conception about high level of cholesterol as a factor stimulating proliferation of normal and affected cells in patients with hemoblastoses appears doubtful. At least it is not correct to connect a combination hypocholesterolemia + anemia with low pool of dividing cells. On the contrary, hypocholesterolemia in hemoblastoses indicates active tumor process with consequent anemia. CONCLUSION: Investigation of paradoxical relationships between age, cholesterol and red cell count (hemoglobin) will help understand general mechanisms of regulation of hemo- and immunogenesis in blood malignancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Sequential Bayes' strategy and mechanism of decision making in the OMIS software].

The paper describes the method of image recognition in which a useful element of Bayes' approach, numerous alternatives, is united with the productive idea of heterogeneous sequential analysis--ordering of signs by their informative value for decision making. The idea of the method--a sequential Bayes' algorithm--consists in the following: the a priori probabilities are not determined before-hand but specified in turn, depending on the empirical material. The author proves that algorithms conforming to the Neumann-Pierson or Wald strategies, specifically, the heterogeneous sequential algorithm, are not to be referred to the Bayes' algorithms, as is usually done in analyses of clinical laboratory data. Ideologically the heterogeneous sequential algorithm was developed as a method for analysis of empirical data, whereas the Bayes' approach is a deductive method. Confusion of the Bayes' approach with the algorithms based on the probability ratios is methodologically unjustified at least because the Neumann-Pierson and Wald's approaches are the greatest statistical achievements of the twentieth century and have nothing to do with the Bayes' formula. The methodology of constructing the probability measure in the clinical laboratory signs space is described in detail, as are the new objects, interval and binary structures, which emerge in the course of this construction. These objects help improve the diagnostic significance of clinical laboratory information even in cases when the results of analyses are apparently normal. The sequential Bayes algorithm is compared with the traditional Bayes approach to certain clinical problems. The author concludes that the sequential Bayes algorithm is a serious alternative to algorithms for making multiple-alternative decisions in the solution of clinical tasks.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1997

[Lymphogranulomatosis: a systems analysis of the age- and sex-related characteristics of hemopoiesis and metabolism].

72 clinical and laboratory features were analyzed on the IBM PC 486 for 126 new cases of lymphogranulomatosis prior to treatment. Myelograms were found to vary with sex and age of the patients demonstrating close relations between hemopoiesis and processes in the lymph nodes. In males maturation of myeloid elements KM was inhibited, though they had more monocytes KM. These monocytes got more numerous in unfavorable histological variants and generalization. Lymphopenia and monocytosis were more pronounced in patients under 30 becoming more severe in generalization and intoxication. Age-related changes in cholesterol in lymphogranulomatosis patients were abnormal: in older patients cholesterol was low. This phenomenon is extremely unfavorable. The findings elucidate prognostic value of sex and age in lymphogranulomatosis and suggest a hypothesis that monocytes (macrophages) and secreted by them monokines are responsible for specific intoxication, neutrophilia and lymphopenia. Berezovsky-Sternberg cells may be hybrids of macrophages and B-lymphocytes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[A statistical mean dyad test (tt-criteria for comparison of mean trends of two samples)].

The authors claim that widely used statistic tests (Student, Berence-Fisher, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, etc.) may fail to detect differences in average trends. A new statistical tt-test is suggested for such situations when samples are compared belonging to essentially different distributions and one of these distributions is bimodal or U-shaped. This test consists in comparison of the arithmetic means calculated not for the whole sample but separately for values higher and lower than the respective medians. The authors persuasively illustrate the efficacy of this method used in analysis of routine clinico-laboratory data. The statistical mean dyad test (tt-test) is realized in GEMA intellectual system statistical module and used automatically only in cases when routine methods are ineffective.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Module for analyzing physiological processes of the OMIS software complex].

The informational technology designed for systems analysis of changes in the characteristics of single variations in physiological process is outlined. This technology has been used in the module of analysis of the physiological processes of an software complex.

Data Interpretation, Statistical↗