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Biomedical subjects

A A Grant

Publications and source records attributed to A A Grant.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Treatment options for the edentulous mandible.

Prosthodontic literature is replete with articles reporting longitudinal studies of, and clinical and laboratory procedures for, dental implants. There is no doubt that implant-borne prostheses are ideal treatment options for some patients; for other, alternatives must be considered. The purpose of this article is to present an overview of the aetiology of mandibular atrophy and to review a broad range of treatment options for patients who have atrophic mandibles. Whilst techniques are listed for completeness and not necessarily out of preference, with epidemiological and demographic trends in mind, the need for preventive prosthodontics is emphasised.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1990

Dental care for elderly people by general dental practitioners.

In Salford, the care and facilities for elderly people provided by general dental practitioners in practices having three or more dentists were compared with those given in smaller practices. Accessibility and size of dental practice were significantly related, with larger practices being more accessible to elderly and disabled people than smaller ones. A domiciliary service was given by all dentists, regardless of size of the practice. Forty-three per cent of dentists in the larger but none in the smaller practices recalled full denture patients. Eighty-seven per cent of dentists in the larger practices, compared with 53% of those in small ones, gave correct answers to seven or more of 14 questions about the elderly. Attitudes towards the elderly were measured using a seven-point scale: the more favourable the attitude, the higher the score. The mean score for dentists in large practices was 5.13, which was significantly greater than the mean score of 4.16 for those in small practices (P less than 0.001).

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1990

Investigation into the cleanliness of dentures in an elderly population.

During a survey of 233 elderly people of whom 89.9% were edentulous, attitudes toward denture cleaning were investigated. Questioning revealed the frequency of cleaning and methods used. Examination showed which dentures were clean, types and amounts of stain present, and comparison of clean dentures directly with dirty ones. Comparison of different residential groups highlighted problems particular to a group, so that recommendations for improvements could be made. Only 40% of dentures were properly clean. Subjects resident in the long-stay hospitals had the cleanest dentures and those in the elderly persons' homes the dirtiest. One quarter of the dentures examined were over 30 years old. They tended to be dirtier than the newer ones and related to a higher incidence of denture stomatitis. Wearers of cleaner dentures were more satisfied with their cleansing methods and more likely to use a proprietary cleanser regularly than those with dirty dentures.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Vocal fundamental frequency characteristics during the first two years of life.

Vocal fundamental frequency (Fo) characteristics were sampled for a group of seven young children. The children were followed longitudinally for a 12-month period, spanning preword, single-word, and multiword vocalizations. The Fo characteristics were analyzed with reference to chronological age, vocalization length, and lexicon size. Measures of average Fo and Fo variability changed little during the 12-month period for each child. A rising-falling intonation contour was the most prevalent Fo contour among the children. In general, the influence of vocalization length and language acquisition on measures of Fo was negligible. It is suggested that relative uniformity in vocal Fo exists in early vocalizations across preword and meaningful speech periods.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1988

The effect of variation of residual ridge angle on partial denture abutment tooth movement.

Using a laboratory model simulating a free-end saddle partial denture situation, the effect of variation of the angulation of the crest of the residual alveolar ridge to the horizontal on movement of the abutment tooth and saddle was observed. It was found that the inclination of the residual ridge affected the direction and magnitude of abutment tooth movement. The direction of abutment tooth movement was not related to the position of the occlusal rest. However, the magnitude of saddle and abutment tooth movement is affected by the design of the clasp used.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1987

Knowledge of dental services provided: investigations in an elderly population.

During a survey into the dental health of 233 elderly people in the Halton Health Authority, subjects' knowledge of the services provided was investigated. Only 5.7% of the sample were found to be regular attenders and assessed need was found to be far greater than perceived need. Questions were set out to discover attitudes to the service, investigated reasons for non-attendance, knowledge of domiciliary visiting arrangements, where a dental surgery was situated, how subjects could find out about N.H.S. dental charges, costs of dentures and if subjects had a problem in their mouth, who they would turn to for help. Results were analysed by computer using the Survey-Plus programme, which allowed differences between residential groups to be compared. Suggestions are made for improvements in care provision for the elderly and education of those in contact with them.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Temperature-dependence of compressive properties of human dentin.

The effect of temperature on compressive stress/strain behavior of human dentin obtained from recently extracted permanent lower molar teeth has been determined over the range 0-80 degrees C. Dentin specimens were loaded uni-axially in a direction perpendicular to the tubule orientation. A statistically significant, linear regression relationship was found between modulus (E) and temperature (T): E (GPa) = 15.55-0.0734 . (T degrees C). The observed temperature coefficient of the modulus is in close agreement with that observed for cortical bone. Proportional limit, compressive strength, and resilience were also found to undergo a linear decrease with increasing temperature. Mechanical failure of specimens generally occurred along lines determined by maximum shear stresses, approximately 45 degrees to the axial load direction.

Cold Temperature↗