PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A A Iakovlev

Publications and source records attributed to A A Iakovlev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Electroconvulsive shock causes neuronal death in the mouse hippocampus: correlation of neurodegeneration and convulsive activity].

Relations between seizures induced by repeated electroshock (ES) and structural changes in the hippocampus were investigated in Balb/C mice. Brain sections of the animals 2 or 7 days after the last ES were stained for Nissl or TUNEL (apoptotic nuclei). Direct measurement of caspase-3 activity (a key enzyme of apoptosis) in brain regions was performed immediately after the last ES. Statistically significant, albeit moderate cell loss was demonstrated in the CA1 field and dentate gyrus, but not in the CA3 field of the hippocampus. The number of neurons in these fields inversely correlated with seizure severity. No apoptotic nuclei could be revealed either in hippocampus or in other brain regions. Caspase-3 in the hippocampus decreased after ES. The data obtained support the results from other groups showing prominent functional changes in neurons induced by repeated ES and extend this concept directly testifying for a moderate (within 10%), albeit statistically significant neuronal death in selected hippocampal fields. The inverse correlation of cell number with severity of seizures suggest that these are seizures inducing neuronal death.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Relationship between chronic viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma].

Recent years have seen a correlation between the rise in morbidity and lethality from chronic viral hepatitis and that of hepatocellular carcinoma. Present-day methods of hepatotropic viruses (HBV and HCV) identification point to a growing role of chronic viral hepatitis in etiology of cirrhosis which gives rise to hepatocellular cancers. A study of 49 cases based on sectional material established hepatocellular carcinoma development in smoldering chronic viral hepatitis caused by B or C virus or their combination. An immunohistochemical investigation (29) identified differences in hepatitis B and C virus antigen expression in tumor and adjacent hepatic tissue.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1996

[Viral hepatitis A: causes of lingering].

The examination covered 756 patients with viral hepatitis A (90 of them were followed up for 1.5 years) who had antigens and antibodies to hepatitis A, B, C, E and D viruses. It was found that: lingering viral hepatitis A may be caused by viral persistence marked by specific antibodies (IgM anti-HAV); lingering hepatitis followed by verification of chronic hepatitis is related to manifestation of previous hepatitis B and C; detection of IgM anti-HAV in patients with exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B, C and D (hepatitis D) evidences for the presence of mix-infection (acute hepatitis A in chronic hepatitis B, C or D).

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Enzyme immunoassay test system for detection of antibodies to Streptococcus pyogenes group-specific A polysaccharide in blood droplets on paper].

An enzyme immunoassay-based test system has been developed to assess the level of specific antibodies to A polysaccharide which permits analysis of material (droplets of native sera or blood eluate) collected on filter paper. Special variants of the test system permit separate detection of IgA, IgG, and IgM antibodies. The test system is fit for clinical and epidemiologic studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[The clinical significance of the C3 component of complement in different variants of viral hepatitis B].

Pathogenetic involvement of complement system was ascertained at examination of 259 patients with acute and chronic viral hepatitis B. In progression of acute hepatitis there exist close relationships between blood levels of C3 component and antigens, antibodies and homeostatic parameters. This proves complement participation in the antiviral defense and support of biochemical mechanisms responsible for recovery. Registration of C3 component content time course in acute and chronic viral hepatitis can serve prognostic purposes.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1991

[The role of prostaglandins in the development of associated late pregnancy toxicosis in hypertension patients].

The plasma levels of prostaglandins A, E, and F2 alpha were measured by the radioimmunoassay in 146 hypertensive and 62 healthy pregnant females. It was ascertained that beginning in the second trimester, the ratio of various prostaglandins is impaired in the direction of increasing values of substances from the pressor group as the hypertensive disease evolves. This is due to lower levels of prostaglandins A and E and/or higher levels of prostaglandins F2 alpha. In associated late gestosis, prostaglandin levels are related to the clinical manifestations of this disease. There are increased prostaglandin F2 alpha concentrations with severe nephropathy. The studies indicate that prostaglandins affect the course of hypertensive disease in pregnant women and the development of associated late gestosis.

Dinoprost↗
PubMed1991

[Prostaglandin levels in the blood and gastric mucosa of children with functional disorders of the stomach and chronic gastroduodenitis].

In patients with functional disorders of the stomach and chronic gastroduodenitis, the content of cellular bioregulaters (prostaglandins) in the blood and gastric mucosa was abnormal. The revealed alterations may give rise to a reduction of mucosal resistance because of cytoprotection weakening and derangement of the control over gastric secretion. The data obtained make great contributions to our concepts of the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal pathology and children and provide evidence for new approaches to its prevention and treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[The characteristics of acid-formation regulation in the stomach of patients with rheumatic diseases].

The content of gastrointestinal hormones was studied in the blood of 116 patients with rheumatic diseases (rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthrosis deformans). Comparison of obtained data with values of the gastric acid forming function and results of histological examination of the duodenal mucosa allowed to determine some pathogenetic mechanisms developing in gastroduodenal complications which is a basis for rational treatment.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1990

[Sucralfate: the agent of choice in the treatment of peptic ulcer?].

As many as 72 patients with erosive and ulcerous injuries to the stomach and duodenum were examined for the clinical efficacy of antepsin (sucralfate). Of these patients, 42 were with duodenal ulcer, 10 with gastric ulcer and 20 with erosive gastroduodenitis). Antepsin exerted a beneficial effect on the painful syndrome and on ulcer and erosion healing. The coefficient of the therapeutic efficacy of antepsin in duodenal ulcer patients turned out to be equal to 2.67 that of gastric ulcer to 2.1 and that in patients with gastroduodenitis was 2.6. The drug did not produce any well-defined side effects. In some cases (8.3%), it caused the appearance or enhancement of constipation. Antepsin is indicated not only in ulcer disease but also in duodenogastric reflux, reflux gastritis and reflux esophagitis.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1990

[The role of colonoscopy in screening for tumors of the large intestine].

In 1986-1988, 6434 patients underwent colonoscopy in general hospital: 2076 were at risk for large bowel cancer whereas in 4358 the procedure was used for prophylaxis. Benign polyps or polyposis were detected in a total of 1699 (26.4%) patients: 856 (41.2%) in the risk group and 843 (19.3%) in the prophylactic one. Malignancy was diagnosed in 248 (11.9%) and 41 (0.9%) patients, respectively. It was found that small and early tumors made up 22% of the total number of cancers in the prophylactic group and 16.9% in the high risk group only. Colonoscopic screening carried out under general hospital condition is psychologically and economically justified since it allows to form a risk group and diagnose early cancer whereas timely removal of polyps assures secondary prophylaxis of large bowel cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Osteocalcin in infants with rickets].

Infants afflicted with rickets demonstrate a reduction in the blood content of vitamin K-dependent protein, osteocalcin, most pronounced in disease of medium gravity, in its calcipenic and phosphopenic varieties. It has been established that there is an inverse correlation between osteocalcin content and the level of parathyroid hormone and a direct correlation between osteocalcin content and the concentration of total and ionized calcium and calcitonin in the blood. It is suggested that measurement of blood osteocalcin in children may serve a diagnostic marker of metabolic disorders and mineralization of osseous tissue.

Calcium↗
PubMed1989

[Prostaglandins in Itsenko-Cushing syndrome].

The results of the study of depressor (PGE+A) and pressor (PGF2 alpha) prostaglandins in the blood plasma and of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha excretion in the urine of 52 patients with an acute stage of Itsenko-Cushing disease are presented. It has been established that the different components of the PG system have dissimilar changes: the absence of differences in the content of depressor and significant increase in pressor PG, which may be the cause of hypertension in Itsenko-Cushing disease. Stress due to insulin hypoglycemia and furosemide load brought about disturbances in the reaction of the PG system, which were more pronounced in the system pressor component. Disturbances of the PG system which were more pronounced in the presence of stable hypertension were established in all patients.

Adolescent↗