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Biomedical subjects

A A Kasparov

Publications and source records attributed to A A Kasparov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[State and prospects of evidence-based medicine and occupational pathology].

According to foreign literature data, contemporary methods of evidence-based medicine are insufficiently limited in use by occupational pathologists both in this country and abroad. This is due to restrictions of Occupational Diseases Register, difficulties in adding new entities into it, medical and social practice to use functional parameters for disablement definition, employers' obstacles to reveal early stages of occupational diseases through active employees' examinations, patients' wish to receive governmental annuity and not to get rehabilitated.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2003

[Modern aspects in the treatment of ophthalmic herpes].

The author report about study results conducted in Russia during the recent 30 years and dedicated to the treatment of ocular pathologies caused by the virus of herpes simplex. Three high-efficiency directions took shape during the mentioned period: 1. Non-specific antiviral therapy based on the local and systemic administration of interferon inductors (poludan--complexes of poly A, poly U etc.) possessing an extensive spectrum of the antiviral and immune-modeling actions; 2. Antirecurrent therapy, including the application of herpetic vaccine against the virus of herpes simplex, types I and II, combined with immune-modeling agents. A focal allergic test with herpetic vaccine was offered, it made it possible, for the first time, a non-invasive diagnostics of intraocular herpes. 3. A system of sparing microsurgical methods adapted to the treatment of an active herpetic keratitis and its outcomes. A synergistic effect of interferon inductors and acyclovir was proven both experimentally and clinically; a method of local autocytokinotherapy (based on poludan), which turned out to be most effective in the treatment of severe lesions at the cornea and of intraocular herpes, was worked out. The authors believe that the methods and means offered for the treatment of ophthalmoherpes contribute, to a great extent, to handling with the ocular herpes viral infection.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1998

[The problem of genetic-biochemical basis of individual sensitivity in occupational medicine].

Human sensitivity to various factors of occupational environment (toxic chemicals, aerosols with mostly fibrogenic effects, etc.) depends on individual hereditary features determining adaptation or dysadaptation with subsequent disease. Studies of propensity and resistance in individuals exposed to occupational hazards should cover analysis of genetic basis for polymorphism in certain biochemical systems determining relationships between hazards detoxication and activation, DNA alteration and repair.

Cytochromes↗
PubMed1997

[Current programs of postgraduate training of sanitary physicians in occupational medicine and human ecology].

Creation of new or considerably improved legal organizational and methodic base for State Sanitary and Epidemiologic Supervision activities necessitates higher qualification of doctors in industrial medicine and human ecology. Contemporary postgraduate medical training should include three important spheres: 1) evaluation of health state of occupational and population groups; 2) hygienic criteria to reveal correlation between health and life conditions (occupational, environmental and other factors); 3) hygienic aspects of occupational and everyday safety. Medical and biologic model of health evaluation appeared to be the most adequate to reveal influence of work conditions and ecologic factors on workers and population, methodic basis of this evaluation is search of quantitative dependencies and proof of the findings specificity. Hygienic aspects of occupational and everyday safety include two principal directions: problem of major chemical jeopardy and hygienic certification of production.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1997

[Changes in the state of monooxygenase system and lipid peroxidation under the effects of carcinogenic dust].

The work was aimed to study relationship of monooxygenase system and lipid peroxidation in experiments and in clinical group. The examinees were workers engaged into graphite ware production and exposed to low fibrogenic dust of coke and graphite with carcinogens (including 3,4-benzpyrene). The experimental data and examination materials prove the carcinogens to alter seriously those systems. Long stimulation of monooxygenase system and activation of lipid peroxidation could result in more intensive carcinogenic effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons being a component of coal pitch.

Aminopyrine N-Demethylase↗
PubMed1993

[Comprehensive sanitary characteristics of work conditions].

Article deals with problems of hygienic evaluation of work conditions as a part of complex hygienic characteristics concerning the intensity and difficulty of work. The system of evaluation was suggested by I.S.Kandror in 60-s and developed by different authors. Studied variant of complex hygienic characteristics contains some new elements and requires further discussion.

Environmental Pollutants↗
PubMed1992

[The function of mono-oxygenase system in exposure to tricresol (experimental research)].

Studies of monoxygenase system in rat liver exposed to tricresol showed, that the microsomal enzymes status depends on the route of tricresol administration and on the exposure intensity. Monoxygenase system status compared with the serum enzymes activity characterizing the function of the liver showed that changes in microsomal system are more marked, appear earlier and after lower levels of exposure. Changes of cytochrome P-450 enzyme system are the main principle of tricresol harmful action.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The causes and sequelae of accident situations due to exposure to a chemical factor and the role of industrial hygiene in their prevention].

The current technological progress in chemical industries includes further intensification of processes based on extreme heat and pressure conditions, large-scale and capacity enterprises, which are marked by increasing potential danger with regard to chemical disasters. A set of preventive measures is proposed, which should be introduced with the participation of the occupational hygienists through labour legislation and technological standards and designs improvement, professional testing, disaster relief preparedness including all respective medical services, as well as a further elaboration of toxicological studies.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the carcinogenic hazard in the manufacture of graphite articles].

As a result of complex hygienic, clinical and cancer epidemiologic studies, dust proved to be a major occupational hazard. Coke and graphite dust absorbs polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, including benz(a)pyrene in concentrations exceeding maximum permitted levels. Screening of 746 graphite workers followed by clinical examination established increased incidence of diseases of the upper respiratory tract (chronic rhinitis pharyngitis, laryngitis, etc.), bronchi and lungs (chronic bronchitis or pneumonia) and skin (hyperkeratosis, naevi, etc.). Among respiratory diseases were hypertrophic laryngitis, papillomatous bronchitis and angiofibroma of the larynx which are now considered to be precancer. Cancer epidemiologic studies referred graphite workers to a group of high risk of cancer.

Adult↗