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Biomedical subjects

A A Kuchuk

Publications and source records attributed to A A Kuchuk.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Bronchopulmonary pathology in workers exposed to organic fodder dust.

The purpose of this study was to investigate work-related respiratory symptoms, the prevalence of chronic lung diseases and ODTS, and to study the lung function and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in the workers of Ukrainian fodder production facilities. 240 workers of two Ukrainian fodder production plants have been examined. Dust concentrations in the air of working zone were different, reaching 48.2 mg/m(3) in the first plant and 16.8 mg/m(3) in the second. Endotoxin levels were 240.0 ng/m(3) and 1.8 ng/m(3) respectively. The length of service at the first plant exceeded 2 times that at the second. In the actual research the investigation of respiratory symptoms, lung function and bronchial reactivity was carried out. A comparison between animal feed workers and internal controls revealed work-related symptoms. The predominant symptomatic and lung function effects indicate a clinical picture related to chronic bronchitis. The prevalence of chronic bronchitis was 26.4 +/- 4.0% at the first plant and 8.8 +/- 4.8% at the second one (p < 0.01). The prevalence of respiratory troubles was related to dust exposure more strongly that to smoking. 39.7 +/- 4.4% of exposed workers at the first plant and 14.7 +/- 6.0% at the second one revealed organic dust toxic syndrome (ODTS). In 47.9 +/- 7.2% of workers with ODTS, this syndrome was associated with chronic bronchitis. Examination of lung function revealed obstructive changes which were more expressed in exposed workers of the first plant. Lung function clearly decreased with increasing duration of employment. Obstruction of small bronchi and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (registered in 74.7% of workers) were the early signs of respiratory troubles in exposed workers.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Bronchial-pulmonary pathology and its early diagnosis in workers of combined fodder industry].

The article is devoted to the question of peculiarity of bronchopulmonary system's pathology in the workers of the animal fodder production. The production dust contains high concentrations of endotoxins and leads to the development of allergic reactions and diseases of respiratory system. The ODTS (organic dust toxic syndrome) revealed as an acute reaction of organism in (39.7 +/- 4.4) % workers of the 1st plant and in (14.7 +/- 6.0) % of the 2nd one. Among chronic diseases predominates chronic bronchitis: (26.4 +/- 4.0) % at the I and (8.8 +/- 4.8) % at the II plants. We propose to use the obstruction of little bronchi and bronchial hyperresponsivennes as early diagnostical criterions of the influence of organic dust.

Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗
PubMed1994

Health problems of the population in different regions of the Ukraine.

The ecological situation in some regions of the Ukraine is critical due to the concentration of major ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy, oil refining and chemical industries, and due to the consequences of the Chernobyl accident. The health status of the whole population over the last few years has deteriorated and resulted in 1992 in a decrease in the birth-rate coefficient to 11.5 per million and an increase in the mortality rate up to 13.4 per million. The average level of life expectancy for men and women in 1991 decreased to 63.3 and 74.5 years, respectively. In 1991 the number of occupational diseases registered increased to 7958 or 3 per 10,000 of the working population, which does not reflect the real situation in the country. Major medical and biological problems of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident are restricted to the field of studying the effect of low-dose exposure and assessment of delayed stochastic effects. Until now no significant increase was registered in age-adjusted cancer, leukemia and lymphoma incidence rates among the male and female population of the most contaminated, strictly controlled territories and regions of the Ukraine in comparison with the average rate in the whole country. But the incidence of thyroid cancer in 1990 was 0.23, in 1991 0.19 and in 1992 0.35 per 100,000 children under 14 years of age. In the Ukraine the incidence of thyroid cancer in 1981-1985 did not exceed 0.04-0.06 cases per 100,000 children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Occupational and occupationally determined diseases].

Medical definitions of occupational and professionally conditioned pathology are given in the article together with relevant examples. With the view to account appropriately occupational pathology in accordance with its severity classification based on the degree of working capacity loss is presented. Notions of acute occupational disease (intoxication) and professional accident are determined. International list of occupational diseases is considered. Suggestions intended at promotion of safe working conditions are made on perfection of the Ukrainian list.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1990

On the health status of subjects employed at factories manufacturing enzyme preparations.

Intensive exposure to the antigens of industrial strains of microorganisms and their metabolites resulted in the suppression of cellular immunity and the activation of some components of humoral immunity (IgM) and neutrophil bacterial activity in workers employed in the manufacture of enzymes. Industrial microflora (Bac. Subtilis and Asp. awamori) utilized in the technological process of microbiological synthesis of enzyme preparations was isolated from the skin in 34.25% and 16.44% and nasal and pharyngeal mucosa in 39.73% and 28.77% workers respectively. On clinical examination, most frequently affected were the skin (70.4% tested subjects), nasopharynx (64.4%), bronchopulmonary apparatus, oesophagus and GIT. Endoscopic tests confirmed the diagnoses in detecting producing strains on bronchial and oesophageal mucosa in 23.08% workers. In view of the low efficacy of employed individual protective equipment, the prevention of occupational pathology should be directed towards development or improvement of existing technological processes which would rule out intensive exposure of the human organisms to producing strains.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Activity of serum enzymes in workers in the enzyme production industry].

Unfavorable industrial factors in the production of enzyme preparations (enzyme dusts, microorganisms-producers) cause changes in the activity of a number of enzymes in workers' blood serum. Degree frequency and direction of enzyme shifts depend on the purity of enzyme preparations, degree of contact with them, workers' length of service and health status. The analysis of the obtained results enables us to recommend a determination of cholinesterase activity, acid phosphatase and lactate-dehydrogenase as indicators for a hygienic assessment of the effect of enzyme preparations and diagnosis of body pathogenic changes.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

[Hygienic evaluation of factors of the occupational environment at an industrial plant synthesizing microbiological enzyme preparations].

A complex of sanitary, hygienic, epidemiologic and bacteriologic studies of the production process of microbiologic synthesis enzyme preparations showed that dust produced by a final product and exceeding MACs was a major occupational hazard. Microbic contamination of the workplace air and production equipment became higher by the end of the technological cycle. The study of the occupational environment effect on workers' health revealed the most prevalent skin, laryngologic, gastrointestinal and bronchiopulmonary diseases. Body sensitization to the produced enzyme preparations was detected in a number of workers.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Myocardial contractile capacity in ischemic heart disease depending on the degree of coronary arteriosclerosis and the presence of parietal asynergy of the left ventricle].

Myocardial contractility was studied in 44 patients with ischaemic heart disease (28 with asynergy) without congestive circulatory insufficiency depending on the degree of coronary atherosclerosis and regional disorder in the movement of the wall of the left ventricle by ventriculography and tensiometry (dp/dt max, Veraguth index, VCE40; t-dp/dt max). No dependence was detected between the growth of the total lesions of cardiac arteries and the increase of the end diastolic and end systolic volumes and the fall of the ejection fraction in patients with normokinesia of the left ventricle. However, a strong inverse relationship has been established between the number of the affected segments of the heart and the ejection fraction (r = -0.90). It was shown that indices of contractility reflecting the pre-ejection phase (dp/dt max, Veraguth index VCE40; t-dp/ max) are less sensitive in determining the cardiac insufficiency than Vcf and must be interpreted simultaneously with the results of the regional contractility according to the ventriculography data.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Electrocardiographic criteria of probable localization of coronary arteriosclerosis].

Forty-nine patients with coronary atherosclerosis (according to the results of selective angiography), whose ages ranged from 29 to 59 years, were examined. Comparison with the results of ECG at rest and the findings of coronarography showed no changes in the QRS complex in 16% of patients with lesions of two and in 10% of those with obstructive changes in three main coronary artery. Displacement of the ST segment as a sign of myocardial ischemia during physical exercise tests in leads V5--V6 of the ECG coincided with obstructive lesions of the left coronary artery in 91% of cases. Patients suffering from obstructive lesions of the right coronary artery with or without atherosclerotic changes in the left coronary artery reacted by depression of the ST segment in the II, III, and aVF leads of the ECS. The authors suggest that there exists a mechanism of "intracoronary steal" of perfusion blood supply when the ischemic changes on the ECG do not coincide with the localization of coronary atherosclerosis.

Adult↗