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Biomedical subjects

A A Martynov

Publications and source records attributed to A A Martynov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Chromosomal instability of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with precancer gastric cases].

Results of clinical and instrumental-laboratory study of 17 cases are presented. According to the rapid urease test (CLO) and histological studies, the helicobacter infection was found in 12 (70.6%) cases out of the group of 17 suffering from chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer adenomatous polyposis. Analyses of Helicobacter pylori dissemination over the gastric mucosa manifested the I (weak) degree (up to 20 microbes within field of vision) prevailing in 8 (66.7%) of 12 cases, while the II (medium) degree (up to 50 microbes within field of vision) and III (high) degree (over 50 microbes within field of vision) occurred only in 4 cases (33.3%). By comparative cytogenetic research of the peripheral blood lymphocytes we found the immunogenetic markers and characteristic features of cytogenetic disturbances in the immunocompetent cells in cases of pre-cancer Helicobacter pylori-associated diseases (chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer, adenomatous polyposis). Statistical data confirmed an increase in the percentage of cells with chromosomal aberrations, which amounted to 4.25+/-0.51 in the chronic atrophic gastritis cases, 3.5+/-0.46 in the gastric ulcer cases, 5.75+/-0.60 in the adenomatous polyposis cases for 100 analyzed metaphases. Considering the questionable role of Helicobacter pylori as a direct initiator of mutagenesis, the immune disturbances may be caused by the damage of DNA of lymphocytes resulting from the genotoxic effect of some intermediates of inflammation.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Tokamak equilibria with reversed current density.

Observations of nearly zero toroidal current in the central region of tokamaks (the "current hole") raises the question of the existence of toroidal equilibria with very low or reversed current in the core. The solutions of the Grad-Shafranov equilibrium equation with hollow toroidal current density profile including negative current density in the plasma center are investigated. Solutions of the corresponding eigenvalue problem provide simple examples of such equilibrium configurations. More realistic equilibria with toroidal current density reversal are computed using a new equilibrium problem formulation and computational algorithm which do not assume nested magnetic surfaces.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

[The effect of lovastatin therapy on the dynamics of the clinical state of patients with ischemic heart disease and hyperlipoproteinemia].

The authors review the results of the clinical use of lovastatin in 150 patients with associated coronary heart disease and coronary atherosclerosis (according to coronarography). All the patients suffered from primary non-familial hyperlipoproteinemia (of the IIa and IIb types) and were entered into the placebo-controlled studies of the effectiveness of lovastatin. After 3 months of the treatment there was a decrease in the levels of total cholesterol (by 36%) (p less than 0.001); the content of cholesterol LDLP dropped by 48% (p less than 0.001), and that of triglycerides by 19% (p less than 0.01), while the level of cholesterol HDLP rose. Side effects were recorded in an insignificant number of cases. Therefore, lovastatin is a highly effective and well tolerable drug for the treatment of patients with coronary heart disease and hyperlipoproteinemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Ultrastructure of myocardial microcirculatory bed in patients with ischemic heart disease at various stages of aortocoronary bypass].

Changes in the ultrastructure of microcirculatory vasculature were studied on 136 puncture biopsy samples of the left ventricular myocardium taken from 56 ischemic heart disease patients before aortic compression, at terminal cardioplegia, and after coronary flow reconstruction. It was found, that changes in the endothelial cells gradually grow during cardioplegia, becoming statistically significant in the reconstructive post-cardioplegia period lasting over 60 min, which affects the capillary permeability, status of homeostasis and metabolism, and contractility of cardiomyocytes in the postoperative period.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Ultrastructure of myocardial capillaries in chronic ischemic heart disease].

Intraoperative myocardial biopsy specimens taken from 50 patients with coronary heart disease were studied to examine ultrastructure of myocardial capillaries. It was found that this disease was characterized by abundant myocardial capillaries with a narrowed lumen. Quantitative stereological analysis indicated that the ultrastructure of the capillaries with narrowed lumen was not substantially different from that of open capillaries. The findings showed that the narrowed capillaries to be reserve and capable of providing an adequate blood supply of cardiomyocytes after aortocoronary bypass surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Reorganization of the lateral geniculate body after deafferentation (experimento-morphologic research)].

One year after surgical section of the optical tract, the degenerative changes were found in the deafferented lateral geniculate bodies (LGB). The changes were species-dependent. In cats, the cytoarchitectonics was preserved, local neuronal losses and layers thinning absent. In night-active apes, with cytoarchitectonic image preserved and focal neuron necrosis absent, the layers were more substantially thinned. In apes with a primate-like LGB structure pattern, the extended zones of neurons degeneration were found in the layers. The most prominent deafferentation-induced structural LGB alterations were shown in the central vision projection zones.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1987

[Complex evaluation of the long-term results of resection of postinfarct aneurysms of the left ventricle].

Late results of left ventricular postinfarction aneurysm resection were studied in 112 patients. The results were good or satisfactory in 84.7% of patients, who mostly showed no hemodynamically significant coronary arterial stenoses or with one major branch affected, and a dyskinetic aneurysm. Clinical improvement was accompanied by a significant increase in stress tolerance, an increase in maximum oxygen utilization per 1 kg body weight, a decrease in the proportion of oxygen debt to oxygen want and better myocardial contractility, evidence of increased physical working capacity of the postoperative patients. The results were poor in patients with multiple coronary arterial stenoses and heart failure uncontrollable by medication.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

[Choice of the surgical intervention method in patients with chronic abdominal ischemia].

An experience with the treatment of 111 patients with chronic abdominal ischemia resulting from the alteration of the unpaired visceral branches of the abdominal aorta is presented. In 74 of the patients 77 operations have been performed. Criteria for the choice of the method of surgery in such patients are proposed depending on etiology, localization and spread of the pathological process. Positive results were obtained in 76% of the patients.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1987

[Factors determining the success of the surgical treatment of chronic postinfarct heart aneurysm].

Evaluation of instrumental findings in relation to clinical course of the early postoperative period in 105 patients operated on for chronic postinfarction aneurysm of the heart demonstrated that regional left-ventricular contractility, particularly that of unscarred myocardial tissue, is the principal determinant of surgical success, followed by the severity of attendant coronary sclerosis and, consequently, the adequacy of the chosen surgical procedure. Preoperative congestive heart failure, indicative of disrupted left-ventricular myocardial compensatory potential, is an aggravating factor.

Animals↗