[Neurological aspects of the diseases of N.N. Miklukho-Maklai].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A A Mikhaĭlenko.
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The examination of 180 patients with acute neuroinfection (105 males, 75 females at the age from 18 to 45 years) has detected C. trachomatis in 23.8%, C. Pneumoniae in 66.6%, C. psittaci in 9.5% patients. Acute and chlamydial lesions of the central nervous system were characterized by all forms of neuroinfection: serous and purulent meningitides, meningoencephalitides. Development of acute neuroinfection is accompanied by sluggish chlamydial infection of the viscera.
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A comprehensive estimation of the state of cerebral circulation was performed in 57 patients with acquired heart valve diseases (AHVD) of different types, etiology and severity. Doppler sonography, rheoencephalography and quantitative electroencephalography were used. It was determined that the alterations of cerebral circulation in patients with AHVD were first of all caused by disturbances of venous outflow due to congestive heart failure. Other factors, which had also influence on the results of the studies performed are outlined.
The study of sympathetic skin response (SSR) was performed both in 30 healthy volunteers either in rest or after pharmacological preparations administration (reserpine, sydnocarb, gammalone) and in 48 patients with autonomic disfunction, syringomyelia, polyneuropathy. It was determined that two processes were presented in SSR structure, exactly: the first one which included I and III phases and was bound with trophotropic functions and the second process which was presented by II phase only and reflected the activity of ergotropic functions. The latent period of SSR reflected the tonus of the sympathetic nervous system. It was established that SSR changed regularly in the nervous systems diseases studied: thus, increase or decrease of the latent period as well as of the amplitudes of SSR phases were observed in autonomic disfunction while depression or absence of SSR took place in syringomyelia or polyneuropathies. The data obtained testified the results of the other authors about possibility of SSR usage for diagnosis of both central and peripheric autonomic disturbances.
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In the article the rules about etiology and pathogenesis of vegetative paroxysms are stated based on careful analysis of the publications of researches as Russian, so foreign authors, and also own experimental and clinical supervision. During experimental and clinical researches the modern methods were used, enabling to estimate from positions of the system analysis different parts of pathogenesis of vegetative paroxysms, and also to offer ways of differential diagnostics of the various forms of disease. The application of some new preparations and direction of therapy of vegetative paroxysms are substantiated, and also the various circuits of treatment of the patients with distinguishing forms of given pathology are motivated.
161 patients with multiple sclerosis were observed according to C. M. Poser's scale. The diagnosis was definite in 73.9% of cases, probable--in 14.9% and doubtful in 11.2% of patients. The diagnostic significance of magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) was estimated as well as of visual evoked potentials (VEPs), mid-latency auditory evoked potentials (MAEPs), viscocontrastoperimetry and pallesthesiometry (vibratory sensation). MRT revealed alterations in 80.3% of 71 cases (97.5% at definite diagnosis). The results of investigation of evoked potentials differed from normal values: VEPs in 100%, MAEPs in 72.6% of 26 patients observed. Visocontrastoperimetry revealed disorders in 75,2% of 113 cases, pallesthesiometry in toes--in 100%, in fingers--in 68.9% of 116 patients observed.
The method of diagnosis of pathogenetic variations or musculus piriformis syndrome (MPS) by means of computer tomography is described. 24 patients with early signs of lumbar osteochondrosis and MPS were examined. Two variations of MPS with specific clinical and tomographic features were revealed, namely: an early spastic (functional) type and degenerative-dystrophic one. The peculiarities of muscles (diameter, location, density) and of adjacent pelvic structures were investigated in 15 healthy controls. Differentiated treatment of MPS permitted to control the pain and to promote other clinical signs regression faster than conventional therapy.
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