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Biomedical subjects

A A Orlov

Publications and source records attributed to A A Orlov.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in combined treatment of breast cancer].

The paper deals with results of complex treatment of 387 patients with stage III breast cancer assigned to either neoadjuvant chemotherapy and preoperative radiotherapy or radiation alone. A study of immediate and end results showed combination of the two modalities to be more effective than each method alone in terms of degree of regression of primary tumor and, particularly, lymph node metastases and duration of recurrence-free period.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Unit activity of the prefrontal cortex during delayed alternation performance in monkey.

Unit activity in the dorsolateral regions of the prefrontal cortex (s. principalis) of the monkey was analysed by multineuronal recording technique. The sequence during delayed-response alternation included anticipatory stimulus, non-specific expectancy, conditioned cue, delay, trigger stimulus and alternation performance. Food reward completed the sequence. Unit activity in s. principalis was found to be involved in such learning processes as integration of behavioural acts into an accomplished programme and storage of traces in short-term memory. The latter can be observed in successive involvement of neuronal populations during a 10 sec delay as well as in rearrangements of unit activity, the maximum of which shifts to the latest part of the delay period. Unit activity in s. principalis reflects the level of correct response, corresponding correlates of which depend on the level of attention. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex has structural and functional characteristics for short-term storage of external signals in its neuronal nets according to the level of attention.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Changes in the activity of the cat sensomotor cortex under heterosensory stimulation].

In immobilized cats, the sensorymotor neurons were shown, in the course of habituation to the rhythmic light stimulation (1/sec), to start responding to stimuli of other modalities (somatic) when the latter were presented during the functional recovery cycle following the light stimulation. The habituation to the light stimuli did not occur when they were followed by a somatic stimulus with 100-300 msec delay. The data obtained seem to reflect the reconstruction occurring in the functional state of the sensory system.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[The heterosensory interaction of neurons in the cat frontal association cortex].

The interaction of various sensory inputs in the cat frontal neurons was studied in the motor cortex (MI), the area of the hind-limb contralateral representation (SI), and the area of the fore-limb contralateral representation (S'I), with the aid of heteromodal stimulation. Mutual blocks between various inputs (visual, auditory, contralateral hind-limb and fore-limb projections) were observed in MI and SI within the 100-600 msec intervals. Teleceptive inputs in the contralateral fore-limb representation did not block the somatic ones, though the latter blocked the teleceptive inputs within long intervals (3000 msec and more). The somatic input interactions manifested themselves in asymmetric blocks. The cortical type of the heterosensory block seemed to prevail in the fore-limb cortical projection, while multisynaptic blocking throughout the entire neuronal chains prevailed in the MI zone and in the cortical hind-limb projection.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Participation of the frontal lobes in the integrative activity of the brain in Macaca mulatta monkeys].

Frontal lobe neuronal impulsation during complex behavioral program was investigated by means of the multineuronal recording technique. This program consisted of unspecific expectation after the anticipatory stimulus, conditioned stimulus and delay period, trigger signal and alternative selection followed by food award. Such processes as combining the external stimuli into the integrated program, preservation of short term memory traces, correct and incorrect experimental task solution are reflected in principal sulcus neuronal activity. The level of correct selection and corresponding correlates of neuronal activity changes are in direct dependence on the food motivation level. The data are discussed in connection with the development of thalamos--frontal associative brain system which participates in the behavioral program formation based on current biological motivation.

Animals↗