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Biomedical subjects

A A Quayle

Publications and source records attributed to A A Quayle.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Alternative management of a crown root fractured tooth in a child.

A crown root fracture of a tooth in a young person may necessitate the removal of the root and the placement of a space-maintaining partial denture followed by provision of a bridge. A case is reported of an alternative approach to treatment, in which the root fragment is retained in situ until the end of the pubertal growth spurt, in order to preserve alveolar bone, following which it is removed and replaced by an implant.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Experience with ITI osseointegrated implants at five centres in the UK.

Experience with the two-part ITI titanium implant system at five centres in the UK is reported. A total of 461 implants were inserted in 176 patients, who received 189 prostheses. Criteria for the assessment of success following implantation are listed. Results over a 3-year period showed a success rate of 94% when implants were used for mandibular overdentures and crown and bridge prosthetics. A lower success rate in the edentulous maxilla was recorded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Current status of tissue expanders in alveolar ridge augmentation: a review.

The need for major surgery involving bone and skin grafting procedures in the treatment of severe alveolar atrophy has, for many patients, been obviated by the advent of reliable endosseous implant systems. However, some patients, usually for medical, psychological, or financial reasons are unsuitable for endosseous implant therapy. In such patients, ridge augmentation with particulate hydroxyapatite may result in significantly improved denture function. However, hydroxyapatite tends to disseminate throughout any surgically created subperiosteal space, resulting in an undesirable ridge form. This problem may be overcome by the use of tissue expanders in a two-stage surgical procedure. This article briefly reviews the concept of tissue expansion and describes its application to the technique of alveolar ridge augmentation.

Alveolar Ridge Augmentation↗
PubMed1992

Treatment options for the edentulous mandible.

Prosthodontic literature is replete with articles reporting longitudinal studies of, and clinical and laboratory procedures for, dental implants. There is no doubt that implant-borne prostheses are ideal treatment options for some patients; for other, alternatives must be considered. The purpose of this article is to present an overview of the aetiology of mandibular atrophy and to review a broad range of treatment options for patients who have atrophic mandibles. Whilst techniques are listed for completeness and not necessarily out of preference, with epidemiological and demographic trends in mind, the need for preventive prosthodontics is emphasised.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1991

A comparison of two splints in the treatment of TMJ pain dysfunction syndrome. Can occlusal analysis be used to predict success of splint therapy?

Controversy surrounds the diagnosis and treatment of TMJ pain dysfunction syndrome (TMJPDS). This is also reflected in the widely divergent recommendations in splint design. A study was undertaken to examine the comparative success rates of treatment by two occlusal splints with apparently diametrically opposed modes of action and to determine whether there were any factors which could be utilised to predict the success of splint therapy. Sixty-eight TMJPDS patients were randomly distributed into one of two comparable groups and were treated solely with an occlusal splint for night time wear. One group was treated with a stabilisation splint (SS) and the other with a localised occlusal interference splint (LOIS). The success rate at review with the SS was 67.6% and with the LOIS was 80.9%. This difference was not statistically significant. Pretreatment occlusal analysis demonstrated three indicators of successful splint therapy which appeared to be independent of design. These were the absence of centric relation occlusion, the existence of non-working side interferences and an absence of ideal anterior guidance.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1991

The effects of positioning variations in transcranial radiographs of the temporomandibular joint: a laboratory study.

The relationship of the mandibular condyle to the articular fossa and eminence as seen on transcranial oblique lateral (TOL) radiographs of the temporomandibular joint is used by some clinicians as an important diagnostic sign and indicator of treatment. The literature is divided on the validity of this. The aim of this study was to consider the effects of variations in both the position of the joint and the X-ray beam orientation on the image seen on TOL radiographs. TOL radiography of a mounted block specimen of a human temporomandibular joint and associated tissues was carried out using a range of specimen rotations (+20 degrees to -20 degrees with respect to the sagittal plane) and X-ray beam angulations (20 degrees, 25 degrees, 30 degrees). Analysis of tracings of the joint images showed that most of the parameters measured varied by statistically significant amounts with changes in either specimen rotation or beam angulation. It is concluded that any convention which purports to evaluate the position of the mandibular condyle in relation to the articular fossa from TOL radiographs is invalid when the orientation of the condyle to coronal and horizontal planes is unknown.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Alveolar ridge augmentation using a new design of inflatable tissue expander: surgical technique and preliminary results.

Ridge augmentation with particulate hydroxyapatite (HA) is compromised by the propensity for the HA particles to disseminate throughout any surgically created space within the tissues. Several techniques designed to overcome this problem have been described, including the use of inflatable tissue expanders. Some of the residual problems related to this technique are attributable to aspects of expander design and surgical technique. This paper which describes a new design of tissue expander which is completely submerged in use, also describes in detail the surgical technique associated with it. Preliminary results are discussed.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1990

Soft occlusal splint therapy in the treatment of migraine and other headaches.

Fifty-seven patients suffering from migraine, tension headache or tension vascular headache were prescribed a soft occlusal splint for night-time wear. Dental, psychosocial/psychiatric and neurological data were recorded prior to commencement of therapy and at the conclusion of a 3 month treatment period. A statistically significant number of patients presenting with migraine or tension vascular headache experienced marked improvement or complete relief of headache symptoms, but most patients suffering from tension headache failed to benefit from splint therapy. A majority of patients displaying intercurrent features of craniomandibular dysfunction experienced reduction in these symptoms also. There was a statistically significant association between TMJ improvement and headache type. Prior to treatment, patients who subsequently benefited from splint therapy in terms of headache improvement had experienced significantly fewer headaches than patients who failed to respond, although headache intensity and duration were similar in both groups. It is suggested that headache type and frequency may be prognostic indicators of the likely success of dental splint therapy in treatment of headache. Nevertheless, the use of occlusal splints in the treatment of patients complaining of headache in the absence of evidence of craniomandibular dysfunction should not be embarked upon until medical examination has excluded the possibility of organic neurological disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Histopathological and scintigraphic features of condylar hyperplasia.

This investigation was undertaken to correlate the scintigraphic and histological features of condylar hyperplasia to identify consistent diagnostic findings. A series of 34 surgically excised condyles were examined from a 5 year period. Of these, 20 were diagnosed clinically and histologically as condylar hyperplasia. In 18 of these the presentation was one of increasing facial asymmetry. In all 20 cases there was an increased uptake of Technetium 99 as determined by gamma scintigraphy. The thickness of the fibrous articular layer, undifferentiated germinal mesenchyme layer and the hyperplastic cartilage layer were measured using an eyepiece graticule and the presence and frequency of islands of cartilage in the subchondral bone were noted. 7 patients received tetracycline hydrochloride 14 and 4 days pre-operatively in an attempt to quantify the calcification rate. An uninterrupted layer of undifferentiated germinal mesenchyme is a consistent feature of condylar hyperplasia. An increased uptake on scintigraphy is proportionally related to the thickness of the hypertrophic cartilage and not only to the presence but also the frequency of cartilage islands in the subchondral bone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

In vitro and in vivo studies with collagen/hydroxyapatite implants.

There is limited literature describing the early events that follow subperiosteal suprabony implantation of particulate hydroxyapatite (HA)/collagen composite grafts. This paper investigates, both in vitro and in vivo, the influence of a water-based environment on compressed collagen fiber cylinders and compressed HA/collagen blocks. Following subperiosteal extrabony implantation of an HA/collagen block, the HA particles were not retained within the original dimensions of the preformed dry block. The separation of the particles was related to the expansion of collagen on hydration and to the amount, degree of cross-linking, and degree of compression of the collagen.

Alveolar Ridge Augmentation↗
PubMed1990

Atraumatic removal of teeth and root fragments in dental implantology.

A technique that facilitates the removal of teeth or retained root fragments without traumatizing the alveolar bone of the socket is described. This technique may be employed whenever such extractions are envisaged, but it is particularly important when the subsequent placement of dental implants is planned.

Dental Implantation↗
PubMed1989

The immediate or delayed replacement of teeth by permucosal intra-osseous implants: the Tübingen implant system. Part 2: Surgical and restorative techniques.

The previous paper emphasised the importance of case selection in determining success in the use of the Tübingen implant system. Adherence to strict clinical techniques has an equally important influence on implant success and failure. This paper describes the surgical and restorative techniques involved in the use of the Tübingen implant and comments on the authors' initial experiences with this system.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMed1989

The immediate or delayed replacement of teeth by permucosal intra-osseous implants: the Tübingen implant system. Part 1. Implant design, rationale for use and pre-operative assessment.

No single implant system is applicable to all clinical problems which may be treated with implants. Clinicians who wish to develop expertise in the field of dental implantology should decide which clinical situations they wish to treat with implants and then receive an appropriate level of instruction in the use of systems which have been shown, in refereed literature, to be successful in the treatment of such problems. The Tübingen implant system has been in clinical use for more than 13 years, following preliminary basic research and animal studies, and is supported by an extensive literature. It is applicable primarily to the immediate or delayed replacement of individual teeth which are subsequently to be restored with a post crown. It may also be used in other situations, such as in combination with bridge restorations. This is the first of two papers which describe in detail the range of applications, patient selection and assessment, and the surgical and restorative techniques involved in its use.

Adult↗