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Biomedical subjects

A A Schiff

Publications and source records attributed to A A Schiff.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Recurrent oral ulceration treated with Mysteclin: a controlled study.

Twenty patients with recurrent oral ulceration participated in a placebo-controlled, double-blind trail of Mysteclin syrup (tetracycline hydrochloride and amphotericin) used as a mouthwash. Though a small, consistent improvement occurred with placebo, there was a significant reduction in mean pair scores and numbers of new ulcers recorded daily during the active-treatment periods, the effect lasting for at least four weeks after treatment was stopped. In contrast to topical steroid preparations, Mysteclin syrup is efficacious when begun at any stage of the disorder and is not associated with adverse systemic effects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Kinetics of fluphenazine after fluphenazine dihydrochloride, enanthate and decanoate administration to man.

1 Fluphenazine (1,2-ethanol 14C) was administered to seven human subjects as the dihydrochloride and as the enanthate and decanoate esters. 2 The subjects had previously been treated with fluphenazine injections for at least 6 months. 3 Fluphenazine was separated from its radioactive metabolites by selective solvent extraction. Plasma concentrations were measured for up to 21 days after dosing. 4 The preparations showed differences in peak concentrations, times of the peaks and half-times of the elimination phase. The longest half-times occurred with the decanoate and the shortest with the dihydrochloride. 5 It is postulated that the differences in kinetics relate principally to the release of the compound from the site of injection. 6 There was no evidence for presence of the esters in plasma, urine or faeces.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Clinical and social comparison of fluphenazine decanoate and flupenthixol decanoate in the community maintenance therapy of schizophrenia.

The clinical and social effects of flupenthixol decanoate and fluphenazine decanoate were compared in the maintenance treatment of a population of chronic schizophrenic out-patients over a period of 9 months. The results failed to show significant difference between the treatments, and in particular, reports suggesting specific advantages for flupenthixol decanoate in alleviating the negative symptoms of apathy, anergia and depression in chronic schizophrenics were not confirmed. It seems that chronic schizophrenic patients who are well established on one depot preparation are unlikely to be benefited by being changed to the alternative.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Once-daily treatment for mixed anxiety/depressive states: a comparison of slow release amitriptyline and fluphenazine with nortriptyline.

Patients suffering from mixed anxiety/depressive states referred to a psychiatric out-patient clinic completed a four course of either a once-daily table of 30 mg nortriptyline with 1-5 mag fluphenazine, or a sustained release capsule of 50 mg amitriptyline once daily, on a double-blind basis. Depression improved satisfactorily on either treatment, but there was a greater reduction of anxiety on fluphenazine/nortriptyline, Drowsiness, however, occurred more frequently among the patients on amitriptyline, suggesting the sedative properties of this drug did not substitute adequately for a specific anxiolytic effect. Dry mouth was also noticeably more frequent with amitriptyline. As might be expected on pharmacokinetic and phsyological grounds, the results suggest that the sustained release characteristics of the amitriptyline preparation lead to a maximization of side-effects during the day without conferring any therapeutic advantage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Anxiety states in family practice: an evaluation of the need for antidepressant as well as anxiolytic therapy.

Patients attending their family practitioner with emotional disturbance manifesting predominantly as anxiety were treated once daily for 4 weeks with either a pure anxiolytic, potassium clorazepate, or a formulation of a specific antidepressant together with an anxiolytic, fluphenazine/nortriptyline, in accordance with a double-blind, completely randomized design. After the first week the patients receiving fluphenazine/nortriptyline were showing a better response in terms of total symptomatology as well as anxiety, tension and depression taken separately, and after 4 weeks treatment this trend reached statistically significant levels on both the physicans' ratings and the patients' self-ratings for overall symptomatology (p less than 0-05) as well as anxiety and tension on the physicians' scale (p less than 0-01). Side-effects were infrequent, with the exception of drowsiness which was complained of by 42% of the patients receiving clorazepate. Although simple and convenient to take, a once daily benzodiazepine formulation of fixed dose is likely to be too inflexible to achieve optimal therapeutic effect in many patients. These results are in accord with accumulating evidence for the importance of a depressive aetiology underlying the majority of so-called anxiety states in family practice. Anxiolytic, in the absence of specific antidepressant, therapy is unlikely to be adequate for these patients, and may lead to long-term palliative use of benzodiazepines incurring a risk of dependence.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Very high dose fluphenazine decanoate: a controlled trial in chronic schizophrenia.

In a double-blind trial of six months' duration, a very high dose (VHD) regimen of fluphenazine decanoate (250 mg weekly) was compared with a standard dose (SD) regimen (12.5 mg weekly) in 50 chronic schizophrenic patients. The rating scales used included the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and the Wing Ward Behavior Scale. Both treatment groups improved during the trial, but there was no significant difference between them. The VHD regimen, however, exerted better control of the psychosis in that it had fewer patient dropouts and fewer "additional treatments" prescribed. Some of the patients receiving standard doses were probably not receiving adequate antipsychotic drug dosage. No predictors of clinical response could be defined. Extrapyramidal side effects were not significantly higher in the VHD group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

A comparison of amitriptyline and a fluphenazine/nortriptyline preparation in anxiety-depressive states.

Patients suffering from mixed anxiety/depressive reactions, referred to the out-patient department of a large psychiatric hospital, were treated with either amitriptyline tablets or fluphenazine with nortriptyline (f/n) tablets for a period of four weeks. The study utilized a double-blind, completely randomised design, and patients' progress was assessed by means of the Wing Present State Examination, the Wakefield Self-Assessment Depression Inventory, and a side effects inventory. Both the symptom rating scales showed that purely depressive symptomatology improved significantly in each treatment group, but the patients' self-ratings showed that only f/n produced a significant alleviation of anxiety symptoms and panic attacks. The patients receiving f/n rated themselves as significantly (p less than 0.05) less irritable, as well as less anxious, after 4 weeks treatment, than those receiving amitriptyline. The PSE schedule did not differentiate between the 2 treatment groups, but self-rating, which is a more sensitive method of eliciting drug effectiveness in patients suffering from mild psychiatric disorders, did demonstrate patient preference for f/n. This should have important implications for compliance with treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

A test of the concept of "underlying depressive illness" in the treatment of anxiety states.

In order to test the validity of the concept of anxiety states masking an underlying depressive illness, patients clinically diagnosed as suffering from anxiety or tension states were treated on a random double-blind basis for 4 weeks with either a pure anxiolytic, lorazepam, or an anxiolytic/antidepressant preparation, fluphenazine with nortriptyline. Patients' self-ratings were very similar to the physicians' ratings which showed that fluphenazine/nortriptyline was associated with significantly greater overall improvement(p less than 0.01), as well as significantly greater improvements in the group of symptoms specifically related to depression(p less than 0.05). These results suggest that a depressive element is present in an appreciable proportion of patients presenting with apparent anxiety states, and antidepressant as well as anxiolytic treatment is required. Patients selected on the basis that they had improved satisfactorily at the end of the 4-weeks' treatment were followed up for a further 3 months without medication, and the relapse rate was 24%, irrespective of previous treatment. More of the patients treated with lorazepam had to be excluded from the follow-up because of failure to improve, and these probably represented the proportion (19%) of this population with an appreciable depressive element to their illness.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1976

Once daily administration of a fluphenazine/nortriptyline preparation in the treatment of mixed anxiety/depressive states.

A study of 223 patients diagnosed as suffering from mixed anxiety/depressive states was carried out in general practice to compare the effectiveness of treatment with a once-daily tablet preparation containing 1.5 mg fluphenazine plus 30 mg nortriptyline, taken either at night or in the morning, with the same total daily dose taken as 1 tablet t.d.s. Patients were randomly assigned to 4-week's treatment with one of the three drug schemes, and patients' self-ratings as well as physicians's ratings were used to assess symptoms. Both rating assessments showed that there were highly significant improvements in each of the three treatment groups over the 4-week period. Although there were no clinically important differences between improvements in the night-time dose and t.d.s. groups, there was a higher incidence of drowsiness and tablet defaulting among patients taking the single morning dose.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1975

Treatment of anxiety/depressive conditions in the elderly: a double-blind comparative study of Motival and amitriptyline.

A double-blind two-group comparison of fluphenazine/nortriptyline (F/N) with amitriptyline in 72 patients aged 65 or over suffering from mixed states of anxiety and depression, each treated for four weeks, showed F/N to be significantly superior to amitriptyline by Day 7 in terms of patients' self-ratings and clinicians' ratings. Patients' preference for F/N was even more pronounced by Day 28 (P less than 0.001), when the improvement in symptoms relating to depression was rated by the clinicians as significantly greater for the patients receiving F/N (P less than 0.025). The incidence of drowsiness was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) in the amitriptyline group than the F/N group. The implications of these results for the treatment of emotional disturbances in the elderly are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

A comparative trail of fluphenazine decanoate and flupenthixol decanoate.

A double-blind cross-over study is reported which compares the antipsychotic properties and the side effects of depot flupenthixol with fluphenazine decanoate in chronic schizophrenic inpatients. Special emphasis was laid on examining changes in the target symptoms of apathy/anergia and depression in which flupenthixol has been claimed to be particulary effective. No significant differences were found between treatments on schizophrenic symptoms, or as regards the extrapyramidal side effects produced by equipotent doses of the two drugs. Reasons for the essentially negative results are discussed against a background review of earlier optimistic studies of flupenthixol.

Adult↗