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Biomedical subjects

A A Spence

Publications and source records attributed to A A Spence.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Does injection of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers before thiopentone affect their speed of onset? A study of tubocurarine and vecuronium.

In an open sequential pharmacodynamic study in 40 patients, the rate of onset of neuromuscular blockade using tubocurarine or vecuronium was measured. Comparison was made between groups of 10 patients who received thiopentone followed by either blocker and a "reverse" sequence where the blocker was injected before thiopentone. There was a small difference between groups, amounting to a few seconds in rate of onset of block, but this was not suggestive of a systematic effect of the drug sequence.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Single-shot i.v. anaesthesia for outpatient dental surgery. Comparison of 2,6 di-isopropyl phenol and methohexitone.

A single i.v. bolus dose of propofol 3 mg kg-1 was compared with methohexitone 2 mg kg-1 as the sole anaesthetic agent for simple dental extraction in outpatients. Induction of anaesthesia was smoother with propofol, with a lower incidence of excitatory phenomena. Pain on injection was a common complication of both drugs and related to the site of injection. The Leeds Psychomotor Tester was used to assess psychomotor performance during the recovery. Rate of recovery from anaesthesia was similar with both agents, and there was little residual impairment of psychomotor function 40 min after induction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Concurrent drug therapy in patients undergoing surgery.

In a retrospective study of 57,176 patients and a prospective study of 216 patients undergoing surgery, 24-32% of patients were receiving some concurrent medication. Between 10 and 16% were taking drugs for cardiovascular disease. Of these, only 71% had their normal medication prescribed before surgery and only 41% received their drugs on the day of surgery.

Drug Therapy↗
PubMed1987

Teaching of cardiopulmonary resuscitation by medical students.

Ten first-year medical students were taught basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) according to the guidelines laid down by the American Heart Association. Following a 7.5-hour instruction period they, in turn, taught 40 secondary school pupils. On formal assessment using models, all the school children were able to perform basic CPR.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Alfentanil supplemented anaesthesia for short procedures. A double-blind study of alfentanil used with etomidate and enflurane for day cases.

Thirty-nine unpremedicated patients who presented for cystoscopy were given either alfentanil or saline in a random double-blind fashion immediately before anaesthesia with etomidate, nitrous oxide and enflurane. Alfentanil significantly reduced myoclonus associated with etomidate. During anaesthesia, patients who received alfentanil had smaller minute volumes, lower respiratory frequencies, and smaller increases in heart rate. The incidence of apnoea was not significantly increased. After operation, patients who received alfentanil were prescribed significantly more analgesia, possibly because of their reduced uptake of volatile anaesthetic agent. It is concluded that supplementation with alfentanil improves the quality of anaesthesia induced with etomidate.

Adjuvants, Anesthesia↗
PubMed1985

Nitrous oxide and wound healing.

Following a paravertebral surgical incision, mature, female rats under ether anaesthesia were exposed to either 3% nitrous oxide, continuously for 48 h, or 50% nitrous oxide, 4 h each day for 7 days. For each exposure group, a similar number of rats was exposed to atmospheres containing no nitrous oxide. Wound healing was assessed by measurement of the breaking strengths of wound samples. No statistically significant influence on breaking strength could be attributed to nitrous oxide following either exposure sequence.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Etomidate.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1984

Dose requirements of ICI 35,868 (propofol, 'Diprivan') in a new formulation for induction of anaesthesia.

In order to avoid Cremophor-related reactions and reduce the incidence of pain on injection, diisopropylphenol (ICI 35,868; propofol) has been reformulated as an emulsion. One hundred and fifteen patients received an induction dose of propofol in the new formulation. The dose required to induce anaesthesia in 95% of healthy, unpremedicated patients was 2.5 mg/kg. Induction was associated with a degree of cardiovascular and respiratory depression. There were no adverse reactions although there were a number of minor side-effects. The incidence of pain on injection was low (3%) and the overall quality of induction was assessed as good or adequate in 92% of patients.

Adolescent↗