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Biomedical subjects

A A Sugerman

Publications and source records attributed to A A Sugerman.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of pravastatin and lovastatin.

The oral bioavailability of two HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, pravastatin and lovastatin, was investigated in this randomized, two-way crossover study. Twenty healthy men were randomly assigned to treatment with a 40-mg dose of pravastatin or lovastatin once daily for 1 week; steady state kinetics were assessed after the last dose. After 1 week of washout, each subject received the alternate treatment. Serum specimens were assayed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for intact pravastatin or lovastatin acid and by bioassay for active inhibitor concentration and, after hydrolysis of lactones, for total inhibitor concentration. The systemic bioavailabilities of total (active plus potentially active) inhibitors for the two drugs were different, with the mean AUC value for lovastatin being 50% higher than that of pravastatin (mean +/- SEM AUC0-24 values of 285 +/- 25 and 189 +/- 13 ng-equiv x hr/mL, respectively, P less than .0001). Pravastatin, which is administered as the monosodium salt, is present in the systemic circulation as the open acid; lovastatin, which is administered as the lactone, is present as both open-acid active metabolites (62%) and closed-ring lactone metabolites (38%), which are potentially active. Based on mean AUC values, pravastatin accounted for 75% of the active inhibitors from a pravastatin dose. Lovastatin acid accounted for just 25% of the active inhibitors from a lovastatin dose, with the remainder due to other active metabolites. Significant decreases from baseline in total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol were observed during the first treatment leg for both pravastatin and lovastatin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Urinary free cortisol excretion in depression.

Urinary free cortisol (UFC) excretion was determined in 60 depressed inpatients and in 35 psychiatric inpatients with other disorders. The depressed patients had high daily UFC values, while the other patients excreted normal amounts. Over 40% of the depressed patients had UFC excretions in the range seen in Cushing's disease, while only 6% of the other patients excreted such high amounts of cortisol. Age and sex differences did not account for the results. Among the depressed patients those with depressive neuroses excreted less than unipolar or bipolar depressives. Following treatment, more normal UFC excretion was found in depressed patients. The estimation of UFC and its clinical utility are discussed in detail. UFC determination is a simple and informative indicator of adrenal cortical activation and its application to psychoendocrine studies is recommended.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1975

Sex differences in the intramuscular absorption and bioavailability of cephradine.

Six male and six female volunteers each received a single intramuscular injection of cephradine, a new cephalosporin antibiotic, once weekly for 3 consecutive weeks. The drug was injected into the gluteus maximus, vastus lateralis, or deltoid muscle groups. Injection sites were rotated each week so that each subject received an injection into each muscle. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of serum concentrations and urinary excretion data indicated a sex difference with respect to the rate and extent of cephradine absorption from the three injection sites. Smaller areas under the curve and absorption rate constants were observed for females after injection into each muscle group. The most striking difference was observed when cephradine was injected into the gluteus maximus muscle, where the exponential function describing the alpha phase was observed to be 1.16 +/- 0.17 hr(-1) for females and 2.70 +/- 0.34 hr(-1) for males. Total area under the mean serum concentration-time curves, mean time to peak, and peak height parameters consistent with the slower rate of absorption and lesser bioavailability in females were observed. These results show that the vastus lateralis or deltoid muscle groups are preferable to the gluteus maximus as injection sites because of the more rapid rates of drug absorption from those muscles.

Absorption↗
PubMed1975

Defense mechanisms in men and women alcoholics.

The responses of men and women alcoholics to the Defense Mechanism Inventory showed that the women scored significantly higher in "turning against self" and the men in "turning against others." Although such differences may underlie reported sex differences in the incidence of depression and sociopathic personality disorder, they have also been found in studies of nonalcoholics and psychiatric outpatients.

Adult↗