Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive crescentic glomerulonephritis and thrombotic microangiopathy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
A A Trillo
Publications and source records attributed to A A Trillo.
An unusual case of renal failure after pregnancy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acute Kidney Injury↗
Acute myoglobinuric renal failure in a patient with IgA nephropathy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acute Kidney Injury↗
Ultrasonography-directed native renal biopsy: comparison of an automated biopsy device with a needle system.
The authors compared the performance of an automated biopsy device with a large-bore cutting needle system in ultrasonography-guided native renal biopsy. They retrospectively analysed 52 biopsy specimens from 50 adults with diffuse renal parenchymal disease. Twenty-six consecutive biopsy samples had been obtained manually with a 14-gauge needle (Tru-Cut, Travenol Laboratories, Deerfield, Ill.); a second set of 26 samples had been obtained with a biopsy gun (Bard Biopty, Radiplast, Uppsala, Sweden) fitted with a 14-gauge needle of similar design. The systems were compared in terms of the specimens obtained (the adequacy and the quality of tissue, the number of intact glomeruli and the presence of artifacts) and the incidence of biopsy-related complications. Biopsy specimens obtained with the biopsy gun were judged qualitatively as well as quantitatively superior; they contained an average of 17.6 intact glomeruli, whereas only 11.5 intact glomeruli were retrieved with the needle system. Although the incidence of minor complications was lower after biopsy with the automated gun than after use of the needle system (8% and 15% respectively), two major complications were observed after gun biopsy and none after needle biopsy. The results reported here indicate that for native renal biopsy the Biopty gun delivers a higher-quality tissue core with a lower frequency of minor complications, but not of major complications, than the Tru-Cut needle system.
Adult↗
The histogenesis of inflammatory fibroid polyps of the gastrointestinal tract.
Inflammatory fibroid polyps are lesions occurring in the submucosa of the gastrointestinal tract. These lesions have been identified by a variety of names, indicative of their uncertain histogenesis. Three cases were studied by light microscopy and cytochemistry and, in one case, by electronmicroscopy. The most characteristic feature consisted of concentric fibrovascular structures. Peroxidase reaction for muscle actin and Ulex europeus agglutinin was positive in the two main cellular components. Electronmicroscopy revealed that the two principal cell constituents were endothelial and myocytic cells. These observations support the conclusion that inflammatory fibroid polyps are lesions of vascular origin.
Actins↗
Adult variant of congenital mesoblastic nephroma.
Congenital mesoblastic nephroma is a relatively rare tumor predominantly of childhood. Occurrence in adults is exceedingly rare and, to my knowledge, only two cases have been reported to date. This article pertains to a mesoblastic nephroma in a 41-year-old woman. The tumor was composed mainly of compact fibrocollagenous elements interspersed with areas containing immature tubules and occasionally glomeruloid structures. There was no evidence of capsular or renal invasion or cytological malignant features. It has been postulated that this neoplasm may represent a form of mature Wilms' tumor with a benign clinical course.
Adult↗
Neonatal renal failure and glomerular immaturity.
A case of acute renal failure in a neonate was observed in which there were no obvious predisposing factors. Renal biopsy showed marked glomerular immaturity with otherwise normal renal architecture. Light and ultramicroscopic abnormalities noted suggest that the glomerular immaturity caused an abnormally low glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient (Kf). An inadequate rate of glomerular filtration secondary to the low Kf could have precipitated the acute renal failure. The finding of isolated glomerular maturational arrest is a previously undescribed cause of neonatal renal failure.
Acute Kidney Injury↗
The cell population of aortic fatty streaks in African green monkeys with special reference to granulocytic cells. An ultrastructural study.
It is generally accepted that the cell population of naturally occurring and experimental atherosclerotic lesions is constituted by smooth muscle cells and non-myogenic foam cells of monocytic origin. In the present investigation we studied aortic fatty streaks from cholesterol-fed African green monkeys. In addition to the traditionally recognized cell types, the majority of the lesions examined contained intimal granulocytic cells identified by their ultrastructural characteristics and granular content as neutrophils, mast cells-basophils, and eosinophils. The neutrophils, and mast cells-basophils additionally contained numerous cytoplasmic lipid droplets. The consistent observation of these cell types in our material suggests that these granulocytic elements are part of the cell population of fatty streaks. The role of these cells is not clear as yet, but it is likely that the enzymatic activity of neutrophils such as lipase, phospholipases A and B, elastase and collagenase may play a role in the clearing of arterial lipid as well as in arterial wall remodeling. The content and release of heparin and histamine by basophils and mast cells may play a role in preventing thrombus formation and in promoting lipolysis. Eosinophil peroxidase may activate histamine release by basophils and mast cells. The cytoplasmic lipid accumulation by neutrophils, basophils and mast cells may in turn contribute to the population of foam cells in these lesions.
Animals↗
Formation of "ghost" bodies and calcification in experimental atherosclerosis in nonhuman primates. An ultrastructural study.
Aortic lesions from African green monkeys fed a cholesterol diet for up to 24 months were studied by electron microscopy. The lesions, grossly classified as fatty dots and fatty streaks consisted of foam cells, increased amounts of interstitial connective tissues and osmiophilic lipid material. In addition, in the interstitial spaces, there were membrane-bound detached cytoplasmic fragments and deeply osmiophilic calcium spherules. The smooth muscle cells had a frayed appearance and bulbous cytoplasmic pseudopodlike processes. Figures suggestive of transition between these cell processes and the detached cytoplasmic fragments were observed. The detached cytoplasmic fragments or ghost bodies often contained lipid droplets, myelin-like figures and calcific material. The process of budding off cytoplasmic fragments was interpreted as a form of clasmatosis enabling smooth muscle cells to eliminate substances which could not be degraded intracellularly. It is proposed that material presented within the ghost bodies may become a nucleation site for calcium salts deposition. Cell necrosis was not a feature observed in this material.
Animals↗
Coronary artery aneurysm and myocardial infarction resulting in sudden death of a 6 year-old child: a case report.
This is a report of a 6-year-old child who died suddenly while at play and without any prior known illness. Autopsy revealed an extensive, fibrotic myocardial infarct involving the apex, diaphragmatic wall of the left ventricle and interventricular septum. The left anterior descending and the right coronary arteries presented with large, bulging calcified aneurysms. The aneurysms showed marked fibrous intimal thickening, atrophy of the media and extensive fragmentation of elastic elements. No evidence of active inflammation was present.
Child↗
Functional and metabolic studies of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the congenital Pelger-Huet anomaly.
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) from two individuals with congenital Pelger-Huet anomaly (PHA) were examined to determine whether functional or metabolic defects accompanied the known morphological abnormality. No abnormalities of the PHA cells, as compared to normal control cells, were found when tested for quantitative leukocyte enzyme activities, nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, hexose monophosphate shunt activity, superoxide production, generation of chemiluminescence, or iodination. The PHA cells, as compared to normal PMNL, demonstrated normal chemotaxis and random migration, as well as bactericidal activity.
Adult↗
Early endothelial changes in experimental primate atherosclerosis.
Aortic tissues of cholesterol-fed African green monkeys were studied by light and electron microscopy. The sampled areas were either grossly normal, or showed minute grayish white translucent or yellowish white intimal elevations. Samples of topographically corresponding areas from animals on normal diet served as controls. By light microscopy, the intimal elevations were either pure fatty dots or a combination of fatty dots and focal intimal edema. The most conspicuous ultrastructural findings in the experimental animals were a marked increase in the number of Weibel-Palade bodies, and figures suggestive of release of their content into the vascular lumen. Invaginations or pseudochannels of varying depth as well as intracytoplasmic lipid inclusions were also observed in the experimental series. These findings suggest that Weibel-Palade bodies may play a role in the initial stages of atherosclerotic lesions, and that transendothelial transport may take place via transendothelial channels.
Animals↗
Presence of satellite cells in a cardiac rhabdomyoma.
Cardiac rhabdomyoma is the most common tumour of the heart in infancy and childhood. The clinical presentation, diagnosis and histopathological characteristics have been extensively studied; however, reports on the ultrastructure and histogenesis of this lesion are scanty and inconclusive. The case to be discussed is that of a 10-year-old male who presented with a cardiac rhabdomyoma occupying almost the entire ventricular apex. Ultrastructurally, the rhabdomyoma cells have a central, deeply-indented nucleus surrounded by an admixture of mitochondria and sarcomeres. The remainder of the cytoplasm is occupied by pools of glycogen granules, randomly-orientated myofibrils and small mitochondria. Intercellular junctions are numerous and consist of alternating zonula occludens and macula adherens. Typical satellite cells, sharing a common basement lamina are seen apposed to the rhabdomyoma cells. It is tempting to postulate that the proliferation of the rhabdomyoma cells is accomplished by differentiation of satellite cells, a process known to occur in skeletal muscle. Ultrastructurally, the rhabdomyoma cells are indistinguishable from Purkinje cells. The presence of Purkinje-like cells in ectopic locations within the heart and their association with satellite cells is likely a form of embryological atavism.
Child↗
Choriocarcinoma of the esophagus: histologic and cytologic findings. A case report.
The present report is that of a 40-year-old woman admitted with hematemesis and epigastric pain. Endoscopy revealed a fungating mass in the lower esophagus. Esophageal brushing revealed clustered and single malignant cells with ample cytoplasm, large bizarre nuclei and prominent, irregular nucleoli; the chromatin was irregular with clumping at the nuclear borders. Giant multinucleated malignant cells were numerous. These cells had nuclear molding and abundant acidophilic cytoplasm. Autopsy findings included a large tumor in the lower esophagus and metastases to lung, liver and kidneys. Microscopically, the fungating esophageal tumor and metastases were composed of cyto- and syncytiotrophoblastic elements. Choriocarcinoma of the esophagus is a rarity, and only two cases were found in the literature. The diagnosis, however, can be achieved by brush biopsy since the characteristic cyto- and syncytiotrophoblastic cells can be readily identified, provided that the possibility of this ectopic occurrence is recognized.
Adult↗
Adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder: histologic, cytologic and ultrastructural features in a case.
A case of primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder is presented, including the histologic, cytologic and ultrastructural studies. Cytologically, the diagnosis was substantiated by the presence of gland-like clusters of columnar epithelial cells and "signet-ring" cells. The neoplastic cells, whether single or in clusters, had large secretory vacuoles, hyperchromatic nuclei and prominent nucleoli. Ultrastructurally, the neoplastic cells appeared as rounded, distended structures, with markedly diminished surface microridges and plicae. In thin sections, the neoplastic cells showed a large cytoplasmic vacuole and an eccentric nucleus. An early diagnosis of primary bladder adenocarcinoma is of importance due to therapeutic and prognostic implications.
Adenocarcinoma↗