Alternative sources of TLVs.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A A Wibowo.
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This paper discusses various "philosophical" issues in standard setting in occupational and environmental health, i.e., general principles, actual procedures for standard setting, inter- and intra-agency discrepancies in procedures and criteria, and choices and decisions in the preparation of criteria documents and in the evaluation of the toxicology databases. Unpublished, possibly confidential information should be made available to expert committees, workers, and the general public. There is an urgent need to improve the validity of the toxicology databases that have to underpin occupational and environmental exposure limits. Standard setting requires various ethically loaded choices and decisions by experts, employees, managers, government officials, and politicians.
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Epidemiological studies on metal levels in blood were carried out. Evidence suggested the existence of a different trend in serum-iron levels in relation to blood lead levels in nonoccupationally exposed males (negative trend) and females (positive trend). There was a positive relation between blood lead levels and blood manganese levels in children and occupationally exposed male workers. Blood metal levels increased with age in young children. There was evidence for an influence of socioeconomic class on blood lead levels in children. A direct and an indirect effect of smoking was found on blood lead levels and on the activity of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity in erythrocytes in adult nonoccupationally exposed females.
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