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Biomedical subjects

A Abitbol

Publications and source records attributed to A Abitbol.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Radiosurgery target point alignment errors detected with portal film verification.

Stereotactic radiosurgery with a linear accelerator requires an accurate match of the therapeutic radiation distribution to the localized target volume. Techniques for localization of the target volume using CT scans and/or angiograms have been described. Alignment of the therapeutic radiation distribution to the intended point in stereotactic space is usually accomplished using precision mechanical scales which attach to the head ring. The present work describes a technique used to verify that the stereotactic coordinates of the center of the intended radiation distribution are in agreement with the localized target point coordinates. This technique uses anterior/posterior and lateral accelerator portal verification films to localize the stereotactic coordinates of the center of the radiation distribution with the patient in the treatment position. The results of 26 cases have been analyzed. Alignment errors of the therapeutic radiation distribution in excess of 1 mm have been found using the portal film verification procedure.

Brain↗
PubMed1990

Preclinical evaluation of submillimeter diameter microwave interstitial hyperthermia applicators.

Ultra miniature coaxial cable has been used, with microscopic techniques, to fabricate interstitial hyperthermia applicators having diameters of 0.20 mm, 0.33 mm, and 0.58 mm; commercial applicators have a diameter of 1.1 mm. Animal studies with the 0.33 mm diameter applicators have shown that they produce less local tissue trauma than the larger-diameter devices. All of these applicators operate at 915 MHz and have similar heating patterns because they use the conventional monopole design and the catheters have been approximately scaled to the dimensions of each size applicator. We have measured the heating (SAR) patterns of these applicators in tissue-simulating phantoms, both singly and in arrays, using a miniature electric field probe. As an intermediate step to patient trials, we have examined the ability of these applicators to provide effective heating of perfused tissue, using pig thigh and liver as models. Test results suggest that the durability and power handling capabilities of our submillimeter applicators are adequate for use in patients. These new applicators should be useful in the percutaneous treatment of deep-seated tumors and in intraoperative treatments. The applicators also permit intraluminal or intravascular access to tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical treatment of hemorrhagic gastritis].

The authors report a review of the literature concerning an observation of rebleeding hemorrhagic gastritis which needed a total hemostasis gastrectomy. 479 interventions are analysed, with all surgical procedures combined. The surgical mortality is 28% and rebleeding reaches 30%. These figures express the evolutive gravity and the difficulty in choosing a treatment for hemorrhagic gastritis. Numerous techniques exist with varying results: the simple gastrotomy with ligations gives 58% rebleeding and 50% mortality. The subtotal Gastrectomy presents a non perfect control of hemorrhage (48% rebleeding, 30% mortality). Among the conservative procedures the choice can be either truncular-vagotomy-pyloroplasty (28% rebleeding, 24% mortality) or vagotomy-resection (18% rebleeding, 34% mortality). All these methods are not perfect and present a rebleeding risk. Only the total gastrectomy provides a definitive cure when the patient can resist the operation. Total gastrectomy was previously considered to be impossible during hemorrhage. However it represents the only way to save patients who continue to bleed following conservative surgery. Total gastrectomy represents a logical technique and should be reconsidered as a second procedure. As first procedure total gastrectomy is debatable. If systematic, it could lead to abusive intervention. If refused, there is a risk of mortal bleeding. Where elderly patients are involved the decision seems to be clear due to the risks of multiple transfusions or second interventions.

Gastrectomy↗
PubMed1988

[Current indications and results of elective truncal portacaval shunt. Apropos of 97 cases].

The authors analyse the results of a series of 97 cases of elective porto-caval anastomoses for ruptured oesophageal varices and compare them with those of the literature. Elective porto-caval anastomosis satisfactorily prevents haemorrhagic recurrence (3%) at the cost of an operative mortality of 10% (nil over the last five years). Porto-caval encephalopathy was observed in 36% of cases with an incapacitating form (stage II or III) in 21% of operated patients and always represented the major disadvantage of surgery. However, the place of truncal porto-caval anastomosis is still intact in the prevention of recurrent haemorrhage from ruptured oesophageal varices. Warren's operation, the reference surgical technique, cannot be performed systematically because of technical reasons and/or because of rigorous selection. Endoscopic sclerotherapy represents a fundamental therapeutic procedure during the haemorrhagic period. Permanent haemostasis is more difficult to obtain and requires surgery in about 25% of cases. The mortality and morbidity associated with the endoscopic method are compared with the surgical results in two series of patients belonging to Child's groups A and B.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗
PubMed1984

A medical chart review for information about sexual functioning in cervical carcinoma.

Fifty medical charts from two departments of radiotherapy, one in France and the other in the United States, were reviewed to determine their utility in contributing to information about sexual functioning after treatment for cervical cancer. For both settings, useful information about the disease, its treatment and the post-treatment complications was readily available. Significant differences were found between the settings in the documentation of data about sexual function, vaginal dilator use and dilator compliance. The utility of medical records for the purpose of gathering information about sexual functioning after radiotherapy for cervical cancer was found to be significantly higher in one of the settings for several variables. Possible reasons for these findings are given along with medical charts for the promotion and study of sexual rehabilitation for patients with cervical carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Multimodality treatment of adenocarcinoma of the vagina Stage IV: potential for cure.

A 26-year-old nulligravida presented with a Stage IV adenocarcinoma of the vagina with a frozen pelvis and positive lymph nodes in the right external iliac and inguinal regions. Following transposition of the ovaries laterally, a successful treatment program of cyclic radiotherapy and 5-fluorouracil was undertaken. Patient is now alive 3 years posttherapy with a functional vagina, return of menses, and without evidence of tumor. She experienced a small-bowel stricture 5 months posttherapy which required small-bowel resection. This case suggests that an integrated multimodality program is feasible and that 5-fluorouracil may be synergistic with radiation.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1982

Chemotherapy and cyclic radiation therapy in locally advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma.

Nine patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (4 squamous, 4 adenocarcinoma, 1 large cell) were treated with a combination of radiation therapy and cyclic chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, methotrexate and platinum. Four previously untreated patients had stage III, 2 having distant metastases, 5 previously treated patients were restaged as stage III with distant metastasis in one. Moderate hematologic toxicity was noted. Objective responses occurred in 67 per cent, regardless of previous treatment or performance status. Responders survived for a median of 11 months with one complete response patients surviving at 14 months while 5 partial response patients survived for a median of 10 months. This regimen is feasible and its utility as the initial treatment of locally advanced disease should be further investigated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The prevention of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (author's transl)].

The study on the effect of the "tiapride" on the elements due to the withdrawal syndrome effected on thirty alcoholic patients allows us to draw the following results: failure, 13% studied cases; partial results, 50% very good results, 37%. The effect on the shivering was considered as good, but the effect on insomnia and anxiety was moderate. It appears that the doses which have been used are unsufficient to use this medecine as a "monotherapy". The authors intend to carry on this study using more important doses, taking into account the excellent tolerance observed.

Adult↗