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Biomedical subjects

A Adamus

Publications and source records attributed to A Adamus.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Esophageal substitute corrective operations].

In the Clinic of Gastrointestinal Surgery at the Medical University in Wrocław in 402 cases substernal oesophageal reconstruction was performed using different pedunculated oesophageal substitutes. 63 patients had to be operated on for the second time because of disorders in the oesophageal substitute. In 13 cases stenosis in the upper anastomosis and in 3 patients stenosis in the anastomosis with stomach were corrected. In 7 cases oesophageal ulcer was excised. 6 patients were operated because of substitute herniation into pleural cavity. In 3 cases huge diverticula in the neck were removed. 5 patients were operated because of stomach outlet stenosis. In 15 cases operation was necessary to correct the sequel of reflux oesophagitis. In 8 cases the surgery was performed to remove stenosis of the substitute. In 2 cases there was torsion of substitute and in the other 2 cases postoperative stenosis was caused by adhesions. One patient was operated because of the dumping syndrome. In 2 patients with the colon substitute polyps from the segment used for the oesophagus were removed endoscopically. The mortality after corrective surgery on the oesophageal substitute was less than 10% (6/63).

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1999

Early oesophageal cancer. Does it exist? Why we cannot find it?

Results of surgery in oesophageal cancer are still disappointing. The only possible solution is to search actively for early cancer in nonsymptomatic person. The group of patients with Barrett's oesophagus or after lye ingestion was included in the endoscopical screening programme. In order to improve our results and increase sensitivity we have employed the Lugol solution for mucous membrane staining. During five years follow-up period four cases of early cancer were found. All cases were treated surgically showing cancer confined only to the mucous membrane in two patients. Endoscopic ultrasonography is currently the best technique for the staging of oesophageal cancer. Our preliminary data are encouraging shown that its possible to use population screening programme in some well-defined group of patients.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1997

[Endoscopic bouginage of benign esophageal and cardial strictures].

Endoscopic bouginage of benign esophageal and cardial strictures was compared with surgical treatment. Bouginage was performed by Celestin or Eder-Puestow bougies. Results obtained suggest usefulness of bouginage in many patients with benign stenosis of the upper gastrointestinal tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Prolongation of thiopentone-induced sleep by trazodone and its metabolite, m-chlorophenylpiperazine.

Trazodone and its metabolite, m-chlorophenylpiperazine (CPP) prolonged significantly thiopentone-induced sleep in mice. Neither trazodone, nor CPP changed the cerebral concentrations of thiopentone. As cyproheptadine by itself did not affect thiopentone sleep and did not antagonize the effect of CPP, the effect of trazodone and CPP seems to be independent of their respective 5-HT-antagonistic and 5-HT-agonistic properties.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1983

Changes in morphine pharmacokinetics in nervous and peripheral tissues following different schedules of administration.

The pharmacokinetics of morphine were studied in various tissues of rats subjected to a single dose treatment (SDT, 30 mg/kg), constant dose treatment (CDT, 30 mg/kg daily for 8 days) and increasing dose treatment (IDT, twice daily, raising from an initial dose 20 mg/kg to the final 300 mg/kg). After CDT the elimination of morphine was slow and the drug was present in tissues in detectable amounts for over 24 hr, the area under the curve (AUC) values in the central nervous system increased significantly as compared with SDT. After IDT the elimination of morphine was rapid and the AUC values were decreased several times; in most of the tissues no detectable amount of morphine was present 24 hr after the last dose. The data indicate that morphine pharmacokinetics change after chronic treatment and depend on dosage schedule and that plasma concentration of morphine may not reflect the drug level in tissues, particularly in the central nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of the pharmacological actions of desmethylclomipramine and clomipramine.

This research compares the effects, in mice and rats, of desmethylclomipramine (DCLOM) and clomipramine (CLOM). DCLOM antagonized the hypothermia induced in mice by reserpine or apomorphine to a much greater extent than CLOM. Reserpine ptosis in mice was depressed by DCLOM only. Similarly, only DCLOM was effective in the behavioral despair test in rats. DCLOM increased the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) pressor effect in pithed rats, but to a lesser extent than CLOM by several factors. Only DCLOM increased the noradrenaline (NA) pressor effect. The depletion of NA induced by 6-hydroxydopamine was depressed by DCLOM only. The 5-HT depletion induced by p-chloromethamphetamine was antagonized only by CLOM. The results obtained show that the noradrenergic mechanism is of prime importance in the action of DCLOM and of much more importance than in the action of CLOM.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Cerebral pharmacokinetics of imipramine in rats after single and multiple dosages.

Pharmacokinetics of imipramine (IMI) and its active metabolite, desipramine (DMI) was studied in rats after administration of a single dose of 10 mg/kg IMI, or after chronic administration of this dose once or twice a day for 14 days. The elimination curves of IMI and DMI from the blood and brain show that both the whole body and the brain behave as multi-compartment systems. Maximum concentrations of IMI and DMI in blood and brain appear at the same time, indicating rapid metabolism of IMI: the concentrations were significantly higher in the brain than in the blood. After the chronic treatment the maximum blood and cerebral levels of IMI and DMI were not much higher than after a single dose, but the elimination was slowed down. Brain concentration of IMI and DMI and brain IMI/DMI concentration ratio do not parallel those in the blood. After a prolonged treatment, once or twice a day, desipramine in the brain is present for the whole period between injections at concentrations sufficient to inhibit the noradrenaline uptake. If the drug is given twice a day, in addition to DMI also IMI is present for the whole time at concentration which may inhibit also serotonin uptake.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatic metabolism of imipramine after prolonged administration of the drug to rats. An in vivo study.

The effect of prolonged administration of imipramine (IMI) to rats on the biliary excretion of IMI and its metabolites desipramine (DMI), 2-OH-imipramine (2-OH-IMI) and 2-OH-desipramine (2-OH-DMI) has been investigated. It was found that chronic IMI decreased the ratio DMI/IMI and 2-OH-IMI/IMI excreted with the bile and increased the ratio 2-OH-DMI/DMI. This was observed for 3 h after the last dose of chronic IMI, and suggested an inhibition of IMI demethylation and hydroxylation, and acceleration of DMI hydroxylation. 6 h after the dose of IMI the biliary ratio DMI/IMI and 2-OH-IMI/IMI increased and this might indicate an acceleration of IMI metabolism at later time intervals after IMI administration.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Behavioral and pharmacokinetic interaction between morphine and haloperidol in the rat.

Tail-flick latencies and morphine concentrations in the blood serum, brain (without striatum) and spinal cord were measured in rats receiving 10 mg/kg ip morphine with or without haloperidol pretreatment (0.1 or 1 mg/kg sc). Haloperidol pretreatment dose-dependently potentiated the analgesic action of morphine and interfered with tissue morphine levels. Morphine levels in the spinal cord were similar to those in the blood serum and were dose-dependently increased by haloperidol pretreatment; in the brain the appearance of morphine was delayed, the levels lower than in the blood serum, and the effect of both doses of haloperidol (augmentation of morphine level) was similar. The results indicate that the analgesic effect of morphine in the tail-flick test is correlated better with the spinal than cerebral morphine levels and that potentiation of morphine analgesia by haloperidol is due, at least in part, to pharmacokinetic interaction.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distribution of citalopram in the blood serum and in the central nervous system of rats after single and multiple dosage.

Distribution in rat tissues of citalopram, a potent and specific inhibitor of neuronal 5-HT uptake was uneven. The blood serum level of the drug did not reflect its distribution in the brain tissue and in the spinal cord. Prolonged administration of citalopram enhanced its blood serum, brain and spinal cord AUC values and slowed down its elimination from all investigated tissues. In contrast to imipramine, citalopram penetrated easily to the spinal cord.

Administration, Oral↗