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A Aggarwal

Publications and source records attributed to A Aggarwal.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

A pilot seroepidemiological study of cytomegalovirus infection in women of child bearing age.

Three hundred and forty serum samples collected from women of child bearing age, without any clinical evidence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, were screened for the presence of IgG antibodies against CMV by ELISA test. The IgG antibodies were detected in 297 which gave prevalence rate of 87.4%. Significantly higher prevalence rates (p < 0.001) were observed with increasing age and with increase in parity. There was significant difference in the antibody prevalence in different socioeconomic groups. Seroprevalence rate was also found to be more in women from rural area than those from urban area, although the difference was statistically not significant (p > 0.05). Marital status showed no impact upon the seroprevalence of IgG antibodies in women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Hodgkin' s disease with fulminant non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

We report a woman with daily febrile episodes who developed fulminant hepatic failure. A percutaneous liver biopsy demonstrated non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, with no evidence of neoplastic infiltration. Post-mortem examination revealed stage IV Hodgkin's disease with trivial liver involvement. Rapidly progressive steatohepatitis causing acute liver failure may be a paraneoplastic presentation of Hodgkin's disease, possibly mediated by cytokines.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Extrapleural anterolateral decompression in tuberculosis of the dorsal spine.

We reviewed 64 anterolateral decompressions performed on 63 patients with tuberculosis of the dorsal spine (D1 to L1). The mean age of the patients was 35 years (9 to 73) with no gender preponderance. All patients had severe paraplegia (two cases grade III, 61 cases grade IV). The mean number of vertebral bodies affected was 2.6; the mean pre-treatment kyphosis was 24.8 degrees (7 to 84). An average of 2.9 ribs were removed in the course of 64 procedures. The mean time taken at surgery was 2.45 hours when two ribs were removed and 3.15 hours when three ribs were removed. Twelve patients (19%) showed signs of neurological recovery within seven days, 33 patients (52%) within one month and 12 patients (19%) after two months; but six patients (10%) showed no neurological recovery. Forty patients were followed up for more than two years. In 34 (85%) of these patients there was no significant change in the kyphotic deformity; two patients (5%) showed an increase of more than 20 degrees.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

The CT triad of malignancy in meningioma--redefinition, with a report of three new cases.

The CT triad of extracranial soft-tissue tumour, underlying osteolysis and an intracranial tumour was reported as a sign of malignancy in meningioma, by Younis and Sawaya in 1992. We report the clinical and CT spectrum of three new cases with a similar triad, confirmed to be malignant meningioma. However, we redefine this sign and suggest that this triad is an unequivocal indicator of malignancy in meningioma, provided metastases have been excluded.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Survival and resource utilization in liver transplant recipients: the impact of admission to the intensive care unit.

The organ allocation system for liver transplantation was recently changed to address criticisms that it was too subjective and relied too heavily on total waiting time. The new system, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease and Pediatric Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD/PELD), stratifies patients based on the risk of 3-month pretransplant mortality, allocating livers thereby. There is concern that such a scheme gives priority to the sickest patients, who may not enjoy good posttransplant outcomes. The aim of the present study was to compare the outcomes of liver transplant recipients who had been admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) to those who had not. Admission to the ICU is considered here to be another indicator of the severity of illness. Patients who underwent liver transplantation at the Cleveland Clinic between January 1, 1993 and October 31, 1998 and were at least 18 years of age were coded for liver transplantation as status 2, 2A, and 2B (n = 112). These patients fell into three groups: those who had been admitted to an ICU before transplantation (group A, n = 16), those who had been admitted to the hospital but not to an ICU (group B, n = 63), and those who were living at home and had undergone an elective transplant (group C, n = 33). Clinical and demographic information (age, sex, race, disease severity, disease etiology, and cold ischemia time) were associated with patient survival, patient/graft survival, and posttransplant resource utilization (hospital length of stay and hospital charges). Age, sex, race, etiology of disease, and cold ischemia time were similar among the three groups. Patient survival, patient/graft survival, and hospital charges were not statistically different between the three groups. The median length of stay was statistically different only between groups B and C (P =.006). Our data support the idea that if severely ill patients with end-stage liver disease are selected appropriately, liver transplant outcomes are similar to those observed among subjects who are less ill and are transplanted electively from home.

Female↗
PubMed2003

MRI features of tuberculosis of peripheral joints.

The aim of this article is to present the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of peripheral tubercular arthritis. The clinical presentation of peripheral tubercular arthritis is variable and simulates other chronic inflammatory arthritic disorders. MRI is a highly sensitive technique which demonstrates fine anatomical details and identifies the early changes of arthritis, which are not visible on radiographs. The MRI features of tubercular arthritis include synovitis, effusion, central and peripheral erosions, active and chronic pannus, abscess, bone chips and hypo-intense synovium. These imaging features in an appropriate clinical setting may help in the diagnosis of tubercular arthritis. Early diagnosis and treatment can effectively eliminate the long-term morbidity of joints affected by tuberculosis.

Abscess↗
PubMed2003

Salmonella osteomyelitis in an otherwise healthy adult male-successful management with conservative treatment: a case report.

A 21-year-old male presented with pain in the right thigh of insidious onset and 3 months' duration. He had a history of febrile illness lasting for 15 days, 2 months prior to the onset of pain. Examination revealed swelling over the lower lateral aspect of the right thigh with some induration and tenderness. Initial X-rays of the right femur and the computed tomography scan at 10 weeks after the onset of disease were normal. Magnetic resonance imaging scan showed signal alteration with minimal destruction of the anterior cortex in the mid-diaphyseal region of the right femur. A repeated X-ray taken at 15 weeks after the onset of illness showed erosive changes, along with periosteal reaction in the diaphyseal area. The Widal test was positive. Open biopsy of the lesion revealed inflammatory non-caseating tissue. Culture of the specimen grew Salmonella typhi. The patient was given antibiotic treatment. Both X-rays and the Widal titres were normal on subsequent follow-up at 3 months.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Mycobacterial cervical lymphadenitis in childhood.

A study of 190 children of chronic cervical lymphadenitis showed tuberculous etiology on histopathological examination in 92 (48.4%) and bacteriological evidence of mycobacterial infection (smear and/or culture) in 42 (22.1%). Of these 42, twelve (28.6%) showed histopathological diagnosis of non-specific lymphadenitis. Positive culture for mycobacteria was obtained in 40, of which 30 (75%) were typical M. tuberculosis and 10 (25%) were atypical mycobacteria. The most predominant species of typical mycobacteria was M. scrofulaceum (60%) followed by M. avium intracellulare (40%). There was no remarkable difference in the histopathological pattern of those in which M. tuberculosis was grown and those in which bacterial growth was that of atypical mycobacteria. The diagnosis of chronic cervical lymphadenitis should therefore be taken a step beyond histopathology, up to complete bacteriological examination, especially to confirm the cases of mycobacterial lymphadenitis caused by atypical mycobacteria.

Child↗
PubMed2002

Autoantibodies against cytoskeletal proteins in rheumatoid arthritis.

We determined the prevalence and antigenic specificity of autoantibodies against cytoskeletal proteins in patients affected with various autoimmune diseases. Sera collected from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus or progressive systemic sclerosis, and normal volunteers, were examined for the presence of autoantibodies against cytoskeletal proteins by indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Patients with rheumatoid arthritis had the highest reactivity to cytoskeletal antigens on immunofluorescence assays using isolated muscle myofibrils (41/50) and L929 cells (37/50). Antigen-specific ELISA revealed significant immunoreactivity against actin (11/50) and myosin (15/50). In nine patients, immunoreactivity was seen against multiple cytoskeletal antigens. We concluded that the prevalence of IgG autoantibodies against cytoskeletal antigens, especially myofibrillar components actin and myosin, is elevated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

The F158V polymorphism in FcgammaRIIIA shows disparate associations with rheumatoid arthritis in two genetically distinct populations.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association of the FcgammaRIIIA gene with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in two genetically distinct groups: a white group from the United Kingdom and a northern Indian group. METHODS: The distributions of the two alleles of the FcgammaRIIIA F158V polymorphism were determined in 398 white patients from the United Kingdom and 63 Indian patients with RA and compared with those from 289 United Kingdom and 93 Indian healthy controls, respectively. RESULTS: Among the Indian patients, the frequency of the rare 158V allele and the proportion of 158VV homozygotes were reduced (relative risk (RR)=0.3, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.1 to 1.1, p<0.06), reaching statistical significance for carrying the 158VV phenotype relative to 158FV or FF (RR=0.2, 95% CI 0.05-0.9, p<0.02). Conversely, no significant deviation in allelic frequencies was noted between the patients and controls from the United Kingdom. CONCLUSIONS: The 158VV phenotype showed a weak protective effect against developing RA in the Indian group. However, this sample was small (resulting in a low power for statistical analysis) and no independent confirmation was found in the larger white United Kingdom group. Thus the FcgammaRIIIA locus is unlikely to be of major importance in causing RA.

Alleles↗
PubMed2002

Detection of preclinical motor neurone loss in SOD1 mutation carriers using motor unit number estimation.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the pattern of motor neurone loss in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In particular, to determine whether there is a gradual life long presymptomatic motor neurone loss or, alternatively, a sudden catastrophic loss just before the onset of symptoms. METHOD: The statistical motor unit number estimation (MUNE) technique was used in a longitudinal study of 19 asymptomatic carriers of the Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) gene. MUNE results were compared with those of 34 age and sex matched SOD1 negative family controls and 23 population controls. Motor neurone loss was also estimated in 12 patients with sporadic ALS. 84 subjects (43 male and 41 female patients) with an age range from 16-73 years were followed up over three years, both clinically and by MUNE, every six months. RESULTS: In 2 of the 19 mutation carriers, there was a sudden reduction in MUNE several months before the onset of weakness. The patients with symptomatic sporadic ALS also had a reduced MUNE, but there was no detectable loss of motor neurones in the remainder of the subjects. CONCLUSION: MUNE can be used to detect preclinical loss of motor units in familial ALS. Normal numbers of motor neurones were maintained in 17 SOD1 mutation carriers over the three year period. There was an abrupt loss of motor neurones just before the onset of symptomatic weakness in two SOD1 mutation carriers. These results suggest that some form of trigger may initiate rapid cell loss and death of motor neurones just before the onset of symptoms.

Adult↗