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Biomedical subjects

A Akesson

Publications and source records attributed to A Akesson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Carboxyterminal type I procollagen peptide concentrations in systemic sclerosis: higher levels in early diffuse disease.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by increased collagen deposition in skin and internal organs, and increased serum concentrations of different connective tissue metabolites have been reported. In this study serum concentrations of carboxyterminal type I (PICP) and aminoterminal type III procollagen peptide (PIIINP) were higher in 24 patients with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dSSc), than in 30 patients with limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lSSc). Thirty patients with advanced and progressing disease had higher serum concentrations of both peptides than 24 patients with milder disease. In patients with advanced disease, both peptides showed a negative correlation to disease duration. Despite being relatively higher both in early, widespread and advanced disease, serum PICP concentrations varied only within the normal range for healthy controls. Thus PICP is of limited value as a marker of disease activity in SSc.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Early pulmonary disease in systemic sclerosis: a comparison between carbon monoxide transfer factor and static lung compliance.

OBJECTIVES: Pulmonary disease is responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Static lung compliance (Cst) has been observed to be decreased more often in SSc than the vital capacity, indicating that it is a sensitive measure of lung restriction. In this study Cst was compared with the carbon monoxide transfer factor (TLCO), a widely used measure of the function of the alveolar capillary unit, and with lung volumes in 59 patients with confirmed or suspected SSc. METHODS: Cst was calculated from the oesophageal pressure at different lung volumes and the TLCO was measured with the single breath method. RESULTS: The TLCO was found to be the earliest sign of pulmonary disease and was already decreased at a disease duration of one year or less. Surprisingly, no relation was found between the TLCO and smoking habits, nor the degree of peripheral vascular disease. The TLCO correlated with the Cst and vital capacity. CONCLUSIONS: An early pulmonary lesion can be identified in patients with SSc with decreased TLCO at a time when no fibrotic changes are manifested.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1992

Faecal elimination of lead and cadmium in subjects on a mixed and a lactovegetarian diet.

Faecal elimination of lead and cadmium in 16 subjects who changed from a mixed diet to a lactovegetarian diet has been studied. The faecal weight increased significantly following the change to the vegetarian diet, partly because of increased water content. There was a large inter-individual variation in faecal elimination of lead and cadmium during both the mixed-diet period (range 14 to 118, median 31 micrograms Pb/day; range 4.5 to 21, median 12 micrograms Cd/day) and the vegetarian diet period (range 19 to 136, median 42 micrograms Pb/day; range 6.1 to 24, median 14 micrograms Cd/day). There was a tendency towards increased faecal elimination of lead and cadmium following the change to the vegetarian diet, but the differences were not statistically significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Dietary intake and nutritional status in patients with systemic sclerosis.

Oesophageal dysmotility and abnormalities of intestinal function are important manifestations in systemic sclerosis and may have a significant effect on nutrient absorption and nutritional status. In this study 30 patients with systemic sclerosis with symptoms from the gastrointestinal tract were compared with matched healthy control subjects with respect to nutrient intake (four day record), anthropometric measurements, and biochemical nutritional status. The intake of energy (8.1 and 8.4 MJ/day) and its distribution among nutrients did not differ between patients and control subjects, but the lower intake of dietary fibre among patients with systemic sclerosis suggests that they avoided food with a coarse structure, such as coarse bread. The intake of vegetables and fruit also tended to be lower among patients with systemic sclerosis. Half of the patients had a subnormal arm muscle circumference, and two patients also had a subnormal triceps skinfold thickness, indicating severe malnutrition. The concentration of ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol, carotene, selenium, and also the proportion of linoleic acid (18:2) in serum phosphatidylcholine was lower in patients than in control subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Serum levels of aminoterminal type III procollagen peptide and hyaluronan predict mortality in systemic sclerosis.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by an excessive accumulation of collagen in skin and internal organs and increased serum concentrations of different connective tissue metabolites have been reported. In this study of 82 patients with SSc, serum concentrations of aminoterminal type III procollagen peptide (PIIINP), smaller PIIINP-related antigens (Fab PIIINP) and hyaluronan (HA) were increased as compared to healthy controls matched for age and sex. Patients with a shorter disease duration (less than 3 years) had higher serum levels of PIIINP and Fab PIIINP than patients with a longer disease duration. The highest serum concentrations of PIIINP and HA were seen in seven patients who died within 2 years.

Cyclofenil↗
PubMed1992

Long-term evaluation of penicillamine or cyclofenil in systemic sclerosis. Results from a two-year randomized study.

In a two-year prospective therapeutic trial 13 patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) were treated with penicillamine, 9 with cyclofenil, and 7 with neither. At entry skin involvement and esophageal, lung, heart, and kidney function did not differ significantly between the groups. Reevaluation after one and two years did not show any significant changes in skin, esophageal, heart, and kidney manifestations, while lung function had slightly improved in both drug-treatment groups. This study thus shows little overall effect of penicillamine and cyclofenil, although both drugs may arrest worsening of pulmonary dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Bacillus cereus: a significant pathogen in postoperative and post-traumatic wounds on orthopaedic wards.

Over a period of 19 months, Bacillus species, most frequently B. cereus, were isolated from postoperative and post-traumatic wounds in 24 patients on orthopaedic wards in a Swedish hospital. Clinical signs of infection were found in all but 3 patients: in 9 patients, mild signs with increased secretion from the wounds; in 10 patients, moderate signs with fever and/or significant local reaction around the wounds; and in 2 patients, severe signs with necrotic infections. Bacillus spp. were isolated from one-fourth of all patients with wound complications following total hip arthroplasty. Their hospitalization was significantly prolonged, compared with a control group (p = 0.0042). Isolates of B. cereus from wounds should not be dismissed as contaminants or as non-pathogenic, but must be assessed in the light of the clinical situation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Epidemiology of Q fever in Sweden.

Q fever is known to be a worldwide disease, with Sweden supposed to be one of a few exceptions. The purpose of this pilot study was to elucidate whether or not a potential risk group for obtaining Q fever in Sweden was seropositive to the causative agent Coxiella burnetii. Blood samples were collected from sheep farmers on the island of Gotland, and from members of their families. Serum samples were examined by ELISA for the presence of antibodies against C. burnetii, phases I and II. Positive reactions were confirmed with Western blot analysis. It was found that 30% of the study group were seropositive to C. burnetii, thus indicating that Q fever is endemic in this area of Sweden.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Isolation of Coxiella burnetii in Sweden.

Coxiella burnetii was isolated from sheep placentas, which had been collected from farms harbouring humans seropositive to the organism. The isolation of these bacteria is the final evidence that Q fever is a domestic disease in Sweden.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Autoantibodies against neutrophil cytoplasm components in systemic lupus erythematosus and in hydralazine-induced lupus.

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA) has been shown to be no marker of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) including lupus nephritis or of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). Antibodies against myeloperoxidase (anti-MPO) and elastase, two granulocyte lysosomal enzymes, were found in patients with SLE but not in those with PSS, except for one patient who had anti-MPO. Anti-MPO was present in 21% of patients with SLE, and at low concentrations in about 80% of these cases. Anti-elastase was found in four patients with SLE. In another group of six patients with a SLE-like syndrome induced by anti-hypertensive treatment with the anti-hypertensive hydralazine, anti-MPO antibodies occurred in all six, and anti-elastase antibodies in five. Monitored during a 2-year follow-up period, anti-MPO antibodies were found to persist, whereas anti-elastase antibodies were rapidly eliminated, after withdrawal of the drug.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1990

A qualitative and quantitative method for in situ characterization of the inflammatory response in experimental myocarditis.

Coxsackie virus B3 causes myocarditis in Balb/c inbred mice. In this model mortality is about 60% on day 7 and 95% on day 12 after inoculation. Significant inflammatory infiltrates appear on day 7. Recent research has focused on the immune response to explain the ensuing tissue damage. Thus we were interested in mapping cellular interaction and time course to understand the development of a possible autoimmune attack. By a newly developed immunohistochemical staining technique single lymphocytes could be visualized and different lymphocyte subpopulations enumerated. Stained cells were easily detectable and readily distinguishable from non-stained cells. Before day 7 Th cells could only occassionally be seen. The number of pan T lymphocytes increased almost 10-fold from day 7 to 12. The T helper/T killer ratio did not change significantly but indicated a predominant increase in Tk-cells. The B cell population also increased, roughly about ten times. The number of class II positive cells was constant. No expression of Il-2 receptor was found. In preliminary studies, exercise and methylprednisolone treatment tended to influence the expression of class II antigens. Cyclophosphamide and cyclosporine A reduced the number of inflammatory cells more than 10-fold. No clear concurrent reduction in mortality was observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Normal pituitary hormone response to thyrotrophin releasing hormone in dental personnel exposed to mercury.

Basal serum levels of TSH, PRL, T3, T4, cortisol, glucose and calcium were determined in a group of dental personnel (n = 11) exposed to mercury vapour from dental amalgam, and in an occupationally unexposed control group (n = 9). The TSH and PRL responses after injection of 25 micrograms TRH were also analysed. There were no significant group differences in basal hormone levels or in TRH responses. The findings do not indicate a negative influence on the pituitary function at the present low grade, chronic mercury exposure.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Organ manifestations in 100 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis: a comparison between the CREST syndrome and diffuse scleroderma.

Internal organ function, biochemical, and immunological variables were assessed in 100 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS), 37 with diffuse scleroderma and 63 with the CREST syndrome. The frequency of oesophageal symptoms and dysmotility did not differ between the two subsets, but patients with diffuse scleroderma had more pronounced motility disturbances. Calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, and telangiectasia were equally frequent in the two groups. Vital capacity, total lung capacity, and static lung compliance were lower among patients with diffuse scleroderma (p less than 0.001), who also had a higher frequency of lung fibrosis (p less than 0.001) and cardiomegaly (p less than 0.01). Sixty eight per cent of the patients with diffuse scleroderma and 62% of those with the CREST syndrome had a positive antinuclear antibody test, which was associated with oesophageal hypomotility (p less than 0.001), fat malabsorption (p less than 0.01) and pulmonary dysfunction (p less than 0.05). Thus, the severity of organ manifestations varied not only with the form of PSS, but also with the absence/presence of antinuclear antibody. This study shows that the term 'CREST syndrome' could be replaced by 'limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis'.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Distribution of selenium and glutathione peroxidase in plasma compared in healthy subjects and rheumatoid arthritis patients.

The distribution of selenium and glutathione peroxidase activity in plasma was compared in samples from healthy adult controls and patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Plasma was separated by gel filtration, and selenium was measured in the eluted fractions by means of graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with Zeeman background correction. Most of the selenium in plasma of healthy controls was seen in proteins that migrated close to immunoglobulin G, and that had an apparent molecular weight at the peak of 174 kDa. One major peak of glutathione peroxidase activity with an apparent molecular weight of 99 kDa was unmatched by any significant peak in selenium content. Thus, there was only limited correspondence between the elution patterns of selenium and glutathione peroxidase activity. Also, in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis, selenium was distributed amongst plasma proteins with a wide range of molecular weights. The major selenium peak was less pronounced in patients, but the amount of selenium in other parts of the chromatogram was not different from that in controls. Further work is necessary to define the occurrence of different selenoproteins in plasma in patients and in healthy subjects.

Aged↗