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Biomedical subjects

A Akhaddar

Publications and source records attributed to A Akhaddar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Cerebellar liponeurocytoma (lipomatous medulloblastoma).

Liponeurocytoma (lipomatous medulloblastoma) is an uncommon clinicopathologic entity. We report a case of cerebellar liponeurocytoma in an adult and attempt to better characterize this uncommon lesion. A 43-year-old woman presented with symptoms and signs of increased intracranial pressure and cerebellar dysfunction. CT and MRI showed a heterogeneous well-circumscribed mass in the left cerebellar hemisphere with hydrocephalus. Complete surgical excision of the tumor was accomplished through a suboccipital craniotomy. Pathological examination with immunohistochemical study revealed a medulloblastoma with neuronal, astrocytic and lipomatous differentiation. Postoperative radiation therapy was given. After surgery, the patient was followed up for a 16 month-period; symptoms improved dramatically and no evidence of tumor recurrence was found. Careful analysis of the histopathological and immunohistochemical studies correctly identifies liponeurocytoma (lipomatous medulloblastoma). To our knowledge, only 16 cases have been reported. Although this lesion appears to have a better prognosis than the conventional form of adult medulloblastoma, complete surgical removal with postoperative radiation therapy is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Thoracic epidural hemangiopericytoma. Case report.

Hemangiopericytoma is an uncommon mesenchymal neoplasm that rarely affects the spinal canal. We report a case of thoracic epidural hemangiopericytoma in a 39-year-old man with symptoms of spinal cord compression studied by myelo-computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Total resection was followed by complete recovery. Postoperative radiotherapy was performed. The clinical, radiological, and histological findings of epidural spinal hemangiopericytoma are reviewed in the light of relevant literature

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Primary intradural extramedullary hydatidosis. Case report and review of the literature].

The authors report a case of cauda equina compression by intradural hydatid cyst. An 18-year-old man presented with paraparesis and sphincter dysfunction. MRI showed an intradural cystic lesion extending from L1 to L2 with low signal intensity on T1 and high signal intensity on T2. The cyst was removed after laminectomy and opening of the dural sac. Histological and parasitic examinations confirmed a diagnosis of hydatid cyst. The patient improved progressively after surgery. The similar 22 cases of intradural extramedullary hydatid disease reported in the literature were reviewed. All spinal areas were involved, with a predilection for the thoracic region. Neurological complications were usual with rapid spinal cord compression in this rare form of hydatid disease. The treatment was by surgery with a favourable outcome compared to the classic hydatid cyst of the spine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Giant epidermoid cyst of the skull with extra and intracranial extension. A case report].

Intradiploic epidermoid cyst of the skull is a rare clinical entity that can exceptionally grow to a large size with intracranial extension. The authors report the case of a 38-year-old man with a giant epidermoid cyst of the parietal bone with extra and intracranial extension, presenting with focal neurological symptoms. The diagnosis was suggested at imaging (skull radiographs, CT and MRI), and confirmed at histology. Complete removal of the cyst and its capsule was performed followed by cranioplasty. Postoperatively, the patient was discharged free of symptoms. CT scan provides good evaluation of the bony lesion and may suggest intracranial extension. MRI is superior for evaluation of cerebral compression. The pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic management of these rare lesions are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Traumatic false aneurysms of intracranial artery].

The authors report a case of intracranial traumatic aneurysm at young a 21 years old patient. He presented with recurrent epistaxis 3 months after craniofacial trauma. An aneurysm of the left carotid artery was diagnosed at cerebral angiography. Endovascular treatment was performed with favorable outcome. In spite of their rarity, posttraumatic intracranial aneurysms should be suspected in patients with recent or remote history of trauma, even minor, presenting with secondary clinical deterioration, in order to carry out emergent angiographic exploration, before contemplating definitive surgical or endovascular treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Vertebral osteoblastoma and scoliosis. Two cases report].

We report two cases of spinal osteoblastoma in two boys aged 16 and 19 years. The lesion was disclosed by scoliosis with signs of thoracic and lumbar neurological compression. The diagnosis was provided by the CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging and was confirmed by the histology study of the surgical specimen. Involvement of the vertebral column has been estimated to range from 30 to 40% for these rare tumors that account for less than 1% of all bone tumors. Localization on the convex aspect of scoliosis is rare. CT-scan provides an analysis of the tumor components and clearly demonstrates intraspinal extension. MRI is superior in visualizing neurological compression. In our experience, function outcome has been favorable after surgical decompression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Tuberculous osteitis of the posterior vertebral arch: case report].

The authors report an unusual case of spinal tuberculosis involving the posterior arch of T12 without disk lesion in a 20-year-old woman presenting with posterior compression of the spinal cord. The diagnosis was suggested at CT and MR imaging and confirmed by histological study after surgical resection. CT provides good evaluation of the bony lesion and may suggest intraspinal extension. MRI is superior for evaluation of cord compression. The patient improved after surgical and medical treatment. The imaging features of this entity are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Optochiasmatic tuberculoma: complication of tuberculous meningitis. Report of a case and review of the literature].

Optochiasmatic tuberculomas are rare and have a poor prognosis if not diagnosed early and treated adequately. We report the case of 4-year-old boy who presented a chiasmatic tuberculoma after tuberculous meningitis revealed by progressive visual failure. Cerebral gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a chiasmatic and a brainstem ringlike enhancing lesions. Outcome was favorable with antituberculosis therapy and corticosteroids. Are recalled the diagnostic aspects, notably the neuroradiological findings, in this particular localisation of tuberculosis with a review of the similar thirty-three cases reported in the literature.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2001

[Simple cyst of the cerebellum. Report of a case].

The authors report a case of simple cyst of the cerebellum documented by magnetic resonance imaging in 42-year-old men with clinical symptoms of expansive cerebellar lesion. No communication with the ventricle, no mural nodule and no enhancement after contrast injection were noted. The postoperative outcome was satisfactory after surgical removal. Histological examination of the cyst wall showed normal cerebellar tissue without epithelial lining neither tumoral features. A brief review of the seventeen cases founded in the literature is given.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Brainstem tuberculomas: two cases].

We report two cases of brainstem tuberculomas with favorable outcome after medical treatment alone. Tuberculomas should be suspected in all cases presenting space-occupying lesions of the brainstem.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Scoliosis and diastematomyelia: four cases and a review of the literature].

We report four cases of scoliosis associated with diatematomyelia observed between 1984 and 1998. The patients were four girls aged 10 to 12 years. Skin lesions were found on the midline in 3 cases and 2 had a neurological disorder. A myeloscan was performed in two cases, tomomyelography in one and MRI in one. Three patients were operated on with good outcome. The fourth child is under orthopedic treatment. We reviewed the literature on scoliosis with diastematomyelia.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed2000

[MR imaging in the diagnosis of intradural extramedullary tuberculoma. Report of a case and review of the literature].

Intradural extramedullary tuberculoma without any bony involvement is exceptional. Nineteen cases were found in the literature. We report the case of 5-year-old boy who presented acute paraplegia 8 months after a tuberculous meningitis under antituberculous treatment. Dorsal gadolinium enhanced MRI revealed an intradural extramedullary bunch-shaped enhancing mass at T5-T6 level. The tuberculous nature was confirmed by histology after surgical removal of the lesion followed by a good recovery. To our knowledge, this is the first intradural extramedullary tuberculoma detected by MRI. We underline the role of MRI in the diagnosis of this particular localisation of tuberculosis.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2000

[Sub-occipital Pott's disease. Diagnostic imaging in 2 cases].

Pott's disease is the most common form of bone and joint tuberculosis, notably in the thoracolumbar spine. The sub-occipital localization remains exceptional, raising a major risk of spinal instability and severe bulbo-medullary complications. We report 2 new cases of tuberculous spondylodiscitis at the cervico-occipital junction revealed by signs of spinal compression associated with torticolis and dysphagia. The diagnosis was provided by CT scan and MR imaging and was confirmed histologically on a transoral biopsy of the retropharyngeal abscess. The patients were successfully treated with antituberculosis drugs combined with external stabilization of the spine. The diagnostic aspects, notably the neuroradiological findings in this particular localization of Pott's disease are recalled.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Epidural hydatid cyst of the posterior fossa].

We report a case of epidural hydatid cyst in the posterior fossa in a 5-year-old child. The disease was revealed by raised intracranial pressure with torticollis. The diagnosis was based on the brain CT scan and MRI, and confirmed surgically. The course was uneventful. Cranial epidural hydatid cysts are very rare: only 18 cases have been reported previously in the literature.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2000

[Spinal epidural angiolipomas: a rare cause of spinal cord compression. A report of 8 cases and review of the literature].

Extradural spinal angiolipomas are rare benign tumors containing vascular and mature adipose elements. We report 8 cases of spinal epidural angiolipomas in 6 females and 2 males. In 7 cases, the clinical manifestation was a progressive spinal cord compression and one case had a regressive paraparesis mimicking a multiple sclerosis. In the 8 cases, the localization was thoracic with an extradural complete type of contrast block in 2 cases and partial in 5 cases. The myelo-CT achieved in 7 cases and the magnetic resonance imaging done at our last case revealed a fat-containing epidural tumor. The tumors were removed in all cases through a laminectomy with a successful outcome after an average of 9 years (range: 6 months-12 years). Sixty-seven similar cases in the international literature are reviewed. A total of 75 cases have been studied: 45 women and 30 men with a mean age of 46.3 years (range: 6-73), presenting a progressive spinal cord compression in 68 cases and in 7 cases a regressive paraparesis mimicking a multiple sclerosis. Myelography shows an extradural compression of the thecal sac. MRI is nowadays the imaging modality of choice for the diagnosis of these lesions. The surgical removal often easy of the epidural spinal angiolipomas permit a fast recovery. The etiopathogenesis of this process is still controversial between the dysembryogenetic and malformative hypothesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Hydatid cyst of the sacrum. Report of a case.

An unusual case of hydatid cyst of the sacrum revealed by low back pain and sciatica in a 16-year-old is reported. Computed tomography and a surgical biopsy provided the diagnosis. The outcome was favorable one year after mebendazole therapy initiation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Dermoid cyst of the conus medullaris revealed by chronic urinary retention. Contribution of imaging].

We report a case of congenital dermoid cyst of the conus medullaris without associated dysraphic lesion treated surgically. An 18-year-old man had a one-year history of bladder sphincter disorders and more recent acute renal failure with urinary tract infection. The diagnosis of intramedullary tumor was provided by myelo CT and MRI confirmed by histology. At 10-month follow-up, the postoperative course was good.

Adolescent↗