PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Akinkugbe

Publications and source records attributed to A Akinkugbe.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant Nigerian patients.

One-thousand out of a total obstetric population of 3,548 patients seen between January and December, 1985, were screened for asymptomatic bacteriuria. During the first trimester, the observed incidence was 5.3 per cent while in the second and third trimesters it was 4.1 and 2.8 per cent, respectively. The overall pick-up rate was 4.0 per cent. The significance of this observation was discussed. Escherichia coli was the predominant causative micro-organism, accounting for 45 per cent of cases. A seven-day sensitive antibiotic therapy eradicated all the positive cases. The qualitative culture method as described in this study is a simple, sensitive and reliable method of screening for bacteriuria in pregnancy, especially as it can be used for identification of the causative organism and its antibiotic sensitivity.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1985

Post-operative chemotherapy for ovarian carcinoma: a prospective study with cyclophosphamide.

Seventy consecutive patients with carcinoma of the ovary were managed in our unit by laparotomy and extensive debulking procedures over a period of 8 years. Intensive post-operative chemotherapy was given with intravenous cyclophosphamide. The mean follow-up period was 2.6 years. Our results showed that 19 patients with early disease (stages I and II) showed complete remission but seven subsequently died of recurrent disease. The others with more advanced disease showed little response to treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Clinical causes and classification of perinatal mortality in Lagos.

Perinatal deaths in singleton births at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital during a 5-year period were reviewed. Causes of deaths were classified into eight groups using a modified form of the Aberdeen classification. Perinatal mortality was high (42.5/1000 total births). The stillbirth rate was 32.5/1000 total births. The major causes of perinatal mortality were trauma (30.5%), low birth weight (23.9%), hemorrhage (13.7%), toxemia of pregnancy (10.3%) and mature, cause unknown (10%). Congenital malformation (4.3%) was not a major cause of perinatal deaths in this study.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Assessment of fetal maturity in Nigeria by amniotic fluid analysis.

Seven different tests of amniotic fluid have been evaluated for assessment of gestational age. Statistical correlation of the lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio with gestational age was positive and significant (P less than 0.001). The Nile blue hydrochloride staining test was very reliable in predicting fetal maturity: in all cases where there was at least 15% of orange-staining cells, the age of the fetus was 37 weeks or more. The reliability of this test was greatly improved when combined with the amniotic fluid L/S ratio, and the result of Clements' "shake test", especially when the creatinine value was also greater than 176 mumol/1. Changes in the levels of amniotic fluid urea, uric acid and total protein were not sufficiently consistent to be of value in assessing fetal maturity. Where facilities for ultrasound are not available, these simple tests can be very helpful in the determination of fetal maturity and in the prevention of accidental delivery of immature fetuses.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1979

Biochemical changes of normal pregnancy and puerperium in Lagos, Nigeria.

A cross-sectional study is presented of biochemical changes in the third trimester of normal pregnancy and puerperium during the wet season in the tropical climate of Lagos, Nigeria. These changes are less marked in first than in subsequent pregnancies, and although qualitatively similar, in some respects they differ from those observed in the temperate climatic zone. The indications are that quantitative differences may exist which could be relevant to the management of pregnancy in the tropics.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Bacterial flora of the parturient vagina--implications for neonatal sepsis.

A bacteriological study of vaginal swabs taken from 78 parturient women at Lagos University Teaching Hospital (L.U.T.H.) is presented. 26.83% of the vaginal cultures were sterile. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus spp. 21.4%, followed by beta hemolytic streptococci 16.65%, of which approximately a half belonged to Lancefield group B. Escherichia coli was isolated in 11.1% of the cases. The implications for neonatal and puerperal sepsis are discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Amniotic fluid lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio: comparison between an African and North American community.

One hundred nineteen samples of amniotic fluid obtained from healthy pregnant Nigerian women were analyzed for their lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio. There was a gradual increase in the L/S ratio with increasing maturity from week 23 to week 42 when values of 0.69 and 5.73, respectively, were obtained. Compared with the ratios reported from San Diego, our ratios were significantly higher where numbers were adequate for statistical tests. The higher L/S ratio probably shows that pulmonary maturity occurs earlier in the African babies and might partly explain the low incidence of respiratory distress syndrome in our premature babies.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1977

Biochemical changes in prolonged labour in the tropics.

Serum electrolytes, creatinine, urea and urine osmolality were estimated in 25 healthy pregnant women at term, 25 women in early normal labour, and 25 healthy parturients in prolonged labour. A statistically significant fall in serum potassium was found in early labour with a further significant fall in prolonged labour. Bicarbonate changes followed the same pattern of a progressive fall. Sodium fell slowly, reaching significant levels only in prolonged labour and chloride fell even more slowly. There was a conspicuous or significant rise in serum urea with a smaller, not significant rise in creatinine. The rapid insensible loss of water in tropical areas was reflected in the rise in serum urea while homeostatic mechanisms maintained a slower fall in sodium and chloride by renal conservation.

Bicarbonates↗
PubMed1976

Arterial pressures in non-pregnant women of child-bearing age in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

The range of arterial pressures in non-pregnant women between the ages of 15 and 44 years in Ile-Ife, Western Nigeria, has been determined from a randomly selected group of 626 women. The survey showed a low range of arterial pressures in the women. Blood pressures within the group showed a tendency to rise with age except in those who were aged 40 to 44 years, where the small numbers may have yielded the unexpected lower arterial pressure levels. Parity did not seem to have exerted any clear influence on the blood pressures of the subjects. The exception is in the age group 30 to 34 years where increasing parity was associated with a lower systolic blood pressure. The results of the survey suggested that essential hypertension and chronic renal disease were not likely to be significant factors in the high incidence of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in the community.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Arterial pressures in Nigerian women up to mid-pregnancy.

A group of 497 women whose pregnancies did not exceed 22 weeks and who were booked at the antenatal clinic between 1st August, 1971 and 31st January, 1972 have been included in a survey of arterial pressures in early pregnancy. The arterial pressures showed a low range and confirmed similar previous observations. The blood pressures among the primigravidae in the group were found to be lower than those of their Aberdeen counterparts. It was also found that the arterial pressures were lower than those of comparable non-pregnant women within the same community. The low arterial pressures in early pregnancy did not offer any special advantage in relation to the incidence of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia, diseases known to be prevalent within the community.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Vaginal atresia and cryptomenorrhea.

Six cases of congenital vaginal atresia are described. Three of these patients had cryptomenorrhea while the other 3 had severe coital difficulties. Despite the fact that normal coitus was impossible in these 3 women, 2 of them achieved successful pregnancies and had to be delivered by emergency cesarean section followed by resection of the occluding membranes. The third patient (with dyspareunia) resorted to paraurethral coitus for more than 2 years before seeking advice. The management of vaginal atresia proved difficult because of the recurrence of stenosis at the site of the excised membrane. This was particularly marked in the young adolescent females not exposed to regular coitus. An operative method that could minimize this complication is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The causes of maternal deaths in eclampsia in Lagos, Nigeria.

A retrospective study of the primary causes of maternal deaths in the eclamptics treated in the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) over a 20-year period, from 1st January 1967 through 31st December 1986, was carried out. During this period, a total of 845 cases of eclampsia were treated and 91 maternal deaths were associated with eclampsia or its complications. The maternal deaths included 66 predelivery and 25 postpartum eclamptics respectively. Most of the maternal deaths (n = 86) occurred in unbooked cases of eclampsia. The maternal mortality rate was 105/1000 eclamptic deliveries. The common primary causes of deaths in eclampsia in the LUTH during the period under study were renal failure (14.5%), cerebrovascular haemorrhage (12.7%), cardio-pulmonary failure (12.7%), disordered intravascular coagulation syndrome (DIC) (10.9%), and cardiac failure (8%). The Post Mortem Rate (PMR) in the dead eclamptics in the LUTH was 60%. Scrutiny of data suggested that many of the maternal deaths could have been avoided if the patients were brought to the hospital in good time for treatment.

Cause of Death↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mortality in eclampsia in the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH); comparison of the recent 10-year period (1977-1986) with the previous 10 year period (1967-1976).

Over a 10-year period, between 1st January 1977 and 31st December 1986, a total of 572 eclamptic patients were treated in the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). Three hundred and eighty-four of these patients (66.4%) were pre-delivery eclamptics, while 188 (33.6%) were post-partum eclamptics. The great majority of these cases (448) (98.3%) were unbooked patients. The overall maternal deaths from eclampsia or its complications during the period were 62 (108 per 1000) while the known perinatal deaths associated with the condition was 100 (240 per 1000). The mean Caesarean Section (C/S) rate in the pre-delivery eclamptics was 30.22 +/- SD 19.62%, while the mean C/S rate in all eclamptic patients treated in LUTH during this period was 22.20 +/- SD 15.04%. Comparison of the data from the recent decade to that of the previous decade (1966-1976), shows that the number of eclamptic patients treated in the LUTH, over the recent decade (1977-1986) more than doubled the number of eclamptics treated in the previous decade (1967-1976) (572 as compared with 273 for the previous decade). The overall maternal mortality rate remained unchanged (106 to 108 per 1000), while the perinatal mortality rate increased from 117 per 1000 to 240 per 1000 in the recent decade respectively. The C/S rate in the pre-delivery eclamptics increased during the period from 21.3% in the previous decade to 30.2% in the recent decade. The unbooked eclamptic patients remain the dominant group in the two studies.

Adult↗