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Biomedical subjects

A Ambrosio

Publications and source records attributed to A Ambrosio.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Intrathecal radioisotopes and phlebography in investigation of ventriculo-atrial shunts in children.

The Authors describe their experience in investigating the functioning and patency of ventriculo-venous shunts in hydrocephalic patients. They examined 41 hydrocephalic children with Pudenz valves, with radioisotope techniques. The radioactive tracers were administered by the lumbar route, by the ventricular route, or directly into the shunt. For lumbar or ventricular administration 131I-HSA, 99mTc-HSA and 169Yb-DPTA were used, whilst 99mTCO4 was the only isotope used for direct introduction into the shunt, effected by piercing the pump of the Pudenz system. The results of these investigations show that introduction of the isotope into the shunt allows obtaining morphological information, depending on the patency of the shunt and on the site of any obstruction. It also provides information about the functioning of the shunt, depending on the presence of hyper- or hypo-shunting. In cases where revision of the distal catheter might be necessary, moreover, phlebographic investigations of the superior vena cava were made. These proved to be particularly useful for indicating the patency of the affluent veins of the heart, thus enabling a precise surgical schedule to be planned prior to operation.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The discharge form: advantages and limits legionellosis cases individuation].

Despite legionellosis surveillance is active in Italy since many years, the disease notification appears still undervalued. A multicentric survey was carried out among 5 big Italian hospitals. It examined 11,435 discharge forms (1999-2001), reporting pneumonia diagnosis. Legionellosis (II class of notify system for infectious disease) was studied among pneumonia diagnosis by discharge forms. According to the ICD9-CM, there's no specific code for legionellosis (this disease is included among "others gram-negative pneumonia"). So the presumed pneumonia imputable to Legionella spp were the 2.7% of the whole number of analyzed discharge forms. Besides, the data regarding the other pneumonia showed that the etiological agent was specified only in the 11.2% of the case. This situation could be rectified both introducing adequate discharge forms codes and promoting the etiological diagnosis during the hospital stay.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human gliomas radioimmunoimaging with 131-I BC-2 murine IgG: preliminary report.

Ten patients with intracranial malignancies were studied by radioimmunoscintigraphy with I-131 BC-2 MoAb. Sensitivity and specificity of radioimmunoimaging were determined and compared with the results obtained with computed X-ray tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. BC-2 MoAb is a murine IgG1 anti-tenascin, which is not expressed by adult normal brain and has been found in large amount in gliomas and/or cerebral metastases, as well as other human tumors. Gamma-camera images obtained at 1 to 4 days exhibited increasing uptake of BC-2 in eight tumors, with varying degrees of contrast with the surrounding normal brain. Two lesions resulted negative to RIS: a meningioma and an oligodendroglioma. Specific tumor uptake of I-131 BC-2 was determined, by external gamma imaging, and ranged from 0.002 up to 0.007 percent of injected dose. Nonspecific uptake in the tumor was determined injecting 99m-Tc-FO23C5 (an isotype-matched control IgG1) in four patients and it was lower than 0.0001% ID. I-131 BC-2 tumor/nontumor ratios, measured using the geometric mean on digital images, ranged from 3 to 7.5:1. This study demonstrates that the tumor uptake of BC-2 in patients with glioma was due to specific processes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[EEG in brain tumors in childhood. Anatomo-clinical correlations].

The authors reviewed the electroencephalographic findings relevant to a casuistry of 136 cerebral tumours in paediatric age and correlated them with the anatomic site of the neoplasias, as checked on the operating table, and with clinical symptomatology. The casuistry, as concerns the site of the tumours, consists of 32 cases with a hemispheric localisation, 35 localized on the median line (suprasellar tumours, tumours of the 3rd ventricle, tumours of the basal nuclei and tumours of the pineal region) and 68 cases of tumours of the cerebellar fossa. E.E.G. proved normal in 9.3% of the patients with a hemispheric tumour, 17.1% of those with median tumours and in 23.1% of the tumours of the cerebellar fossa. 12.5% of the cases with a hemispheric tumour showed a general widespread alteration of the electroencephalogram, which was also traceable in 20% of the deep seated tumours and 13% of the subtentorial tumours. A focal E.E.G. finding with polymorphic delta waves was detected in 62.5% of the tumours with a hemispheric localisation, as compared to 14.2% of the deep seated and 28% of the subtentorial ones. Finally, in the three groups, intermittent slow waves were detected respectively in 46.8%, 51.4% and 72.4% of the cases. Related with clinical conditions, in the presence of endocranial hypertension, a clear prevalence of general widespread alteration and of intermittent activities were detected. The authors discuss the diagnostic value of each E.E.G. finding in cerebral tumours with particular attention to localizing value of focal polymorphic delta waves and to the meaning of intermittent slow waves which, in paediatric age, show a clear prevalence in the posterior cerebral areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Arteriovenous aneurisms of the spinal cord. Observations of 8 cases.

After description of the anatomy of spinal circulation, the Authors report some data from the literature concerning the localization, the incidence and the most frequent characteristics of spinal AVM. Afterwards, clinical and neuradiological features of the diagnosis of this type of malformation are reported from their experience on 8 patients directly observed. 6 out of the 8 patients were operated upon: decompressive laminectomy was performed on 4 of them; in 2 cases spinal AVM was completely removed with clear improvement.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term monitoring of intracranial pressure in hydrocephalic children not affected by cerebral tumor.

Long-term epidural intracranial pressure (ICP) recordings were performed in 10 hydrocephalic children, not affected by cerebral tumor. The work concerns the identification of A and B Lundberg's waves during normal sleep in the ICP pattern. Plateau-waves of high amplitude and long duration were measured in one patient. A base-line pressure higher than normal was found in the other cases in which waves during sleep were seldom revealed. Five children were monitored by studying the pressure pattern after shunt surgery. The Authors discuss the implication of the rarity of plateau-waves in infancy and the cause of this phenomenon.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts↗