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Biomedical subjects

A Amos

Publications and source records attributed to A Amos.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Hospital smoking policies: examples of good practice?

Health services should be taking a lead in implementing smoking policies which promote smoke-free environments for patients, visitors and staff, and ensure that patients and staff are provided with information and advice about smoking and how to give it up. Yet the evidence suggests that the implementation of such policies is patchy, particularly in countries where there are high smoking rates amongst health workers, including doctors. This article discusses, in the light of experience from Spain and the UK, some of the factors which are important in determining the success of such programmes. It is argued that such programmes will be of benefit to the future health of both patients and staff.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Changes in the discharge patterns of motor cortical neurones associated with volitional changes in stepping in the cat.

Extracellular recordings have been obtained from motor cortical neurones of cats walking along a horizontal ladder. We present responses obtained when the animal produced defined volitional changes in limb trajectory, and during different conditions of locomotion. Our results show substantial changes in discharge pattern of some cells under these different conditions. Encounters with displaced rungs produce marked changes in discharge pattern including some which precede foot contact and others graded to the magnitude and direction of displacement.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Health-related behaviour in a small Scottish community.

A survey of health-related behaviours was carried out in a small Scottish town. A random sample stratified by age and sex was drawn from the records of the sole local health centre. A previously validated questionnaire was sent by post with a covering letter from the general practitioners and a reply paid envelope. An overall response rate of 71.3% was achieved. The results indicated very high rates of smoking for women with manual jobs, but differences between men in manual & non manual groups were not significant. Younger women reported higher alcohol consumption than older women, but there were no significant differences between occupational groups or employed and unemployed men. Only a minority of respondents reported regular consumption of high fibre products, low fat milk and polyunsaturated margarine and few claimed to undertake vigorous exercise. In general health-related behaviours showed little association with self-rated health. Whilst the data confirm the importance of socio-demographic factors in certain behaviours they also indicate that these are inadequate to predict the pattern of such behaviours within a community.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The incidence and correlates of health-related behavioural change in a small Scottish community.

This paper reports on a survey of health related behavioural change in a small Scottish town. Four types of behaviour were surveyed; smoking, alcohol use, dietary habits and exercise. The results indicate that for both smoking exercise behavioural change is very unstable. Cutting down or giving up alcohol was significantly associated with cessation of smoking in women but not in men. All dietary changes were strongly inter-related. Giving up smoking, taking exercise and eating more fibre were significantly associated with very good reported health. Sex, age and social class patterns in health-related changes were evident.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

A health promotion module for undergraduate medical students.

This paper describes a 4-day module on health promotion which is part of the undergraduate programme for medical students at the University of Edinburgh. Early experience of the module from both the learner and teacher perspectives are reported. The module is part of a new 4-week course on community medicine for fourth- and fifth-year students and is a collaborative venture between people working in the field of health promotion in the University, the local health service and the national health education organization, the Scottish Health Education Group. The aims of the module, together with details about the content, teaching methods and form of assessment are described. Some of the formal evaluation results are presented. The module has proved highly popular with both students and teachers. The paper concludes with a discussion of the key factors that have been important in the successful development of the module.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1990

How women are targeted by the tobacco industry.

If women in many parts of the world are smoking in greater numbers than ever before, it is probably no coincidence. Women represent a fresh and lucrative target group for the tobacco industry, which has learned to tailor its products and promotion to women's presumed tastes. The promotion images, themes and devices used are analysed in the following article, which also suggests some healthy ground rules for women's magazines to consider adopting.

Advertising↗
PubMed1989

Responses of motor cortical neurones in the cat to unexpected perturbations of locomotion.

Extracellular recordings have been obtained from individual motor cortical neurones of cats walking along a horizontal ladder. We present responses obtained when selected rungs dropped unexpectedly by a small amount beneath the animal's weight. Our results show that forelimb motor cortex is rapidly and in graded fashion informed of such events, which may produce appreciable changes in impulse activity in the corticospinal tract.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Use of alcohol among high school students in Lesotho--a health promotion perspective.

A recently published article on alcohol use among young people in Lesotho highlighted an important public health issue--the changing pattern of alcohol consumption in many Third World countries. In this commentary I wish to consider some of the factors which might be contributing to this growing problem and some of the steps that need to be taken to address this issue. In particular I will focus on the role of the alcohol industry and the tactics used to create and develop new markets.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

A ladder paradigm for studying skilled and adaptive locomotion in the cat.

A circular horizontal ladder is described which is suitable for studying skilled and adaptive locomotion in the cat. Four mechanisms built into the ladder require the animal to adapt its normal walking by making either corrective manoeuvres following an unpredictable disturbance, or anticipatory changes informed by vision. In addition to these features, the ladder incorporates a servo-controlled boom to ensure that the cat is almost completely free of any restraint or drag which might otherwise be imposed by leads carrying foot contact, electromyographic and neuronal signals from the animal to the recording equipment. The apparatus is proving in use to be reliable and easy to operate, and our preliminary results clearly implicate supraspinal motor centres in controlling the skilled and adaptive behaviour which the ladder requires.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1987

Oral and cutaneous features of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Acute infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) may give rise to a febrile illness with distinctive clinical features. Oral and cutaneous involvement may be prominent. Two cases are reported that illustrate this syndrome, and the importance of its early recognition is emphasized.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

The use of leaflets in a comprehensive food policy.

Three-quarters of health authorities are currently developing or implementing district food and health policies. It is widely assumed that, for the policies to be successful, it is necessary to provide clear advice, usually in leaflet form, to the public about food and health and healthy eating. This paper reports on a survey and observations carried out during the piloting of such a leaflet for hospital patients in the Royal Free Hospital. Hampstead. The leaflet was intended to be part of the general development of a policy on food and health. The results of the study highlight the importance of considering the wider context surrounding the implementation of such policies.

Attitude to Health↗