PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Autret

Publications and source records attributed to A Autret.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Cerebellar hemangioblastoma and primary hyperparathyroidism.

The authors report the case of a 52-year-old woman presenting with cerebellar hemangioblastoma and primary hyperparathyroidism. It is the second reported case involving this new association. The relationship between these two tumors is discussed.

Cerebellar Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

The effect of cicletanine on cerebrovascular injury in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR-SP) is one of the most suitable models for stroke study. The present trial work was undertaken so as to obtain further information concerning the action of a new furopyridine, cicletanine. Forty-six males--SHR-SP/Iffa Credo rats--aged 7 weeks, were divided into three groups. Group 1 was a control group, groups 2 and 3 were orally treated with cicletanine at 30 and 100 mg/kg. Their drinking water contained 1% NaCl. Systolic blood pressure, body weight, and survival were recorded. After 6 weeks, all the rats were sacrificed. Samples of heart, brain, and kidney were fixed for light and ultrastructural examination. We found that cicletanine treatment (30 and 100 mg/kg) had significantly inhibited the incidence of hypertensive cerebral damages as characterized by cerebral infarction and vascular alterations with fibrinoid necrosis. Compared with the control group, the rats treated with the cicletanine had a significantly increased survival rate (P less than .001); the cicletanine also had an important protective effect on tissue. Cicletanine administration prevented the development of hypertensive cerebral vascular damage, probably through direct action on the vascular walls.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Chronic subdural hematoma presenting as ataxic hemiparesis.

A 57-year-old man was admitted for a typical left ataxic hemiparesis syndrome. He presented no vascular risk factor, with normal blood pressure. CT scan showed a frontoparietal right subdural hematoma. After surgery, the symptomatology disappeared completely. This observation reveals that subdural hematoma must be considered as a possible etiology of ataxic hemiparesis syndrome. The physiopathology is discussed.

Ataxia↗
PubMed1989

Chronic cervical radiation myelopathy diagnosed by MRI.

We report a case of chronic cervical myelopathy which developed after radiotherapy for differentiated carcinoma of the buccal cavity. The myelopathy was diagnosed by the finding of severe cervical cord atrophy at MRI.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A syndrome of REM and non-REM sleep reduction and lateral gaze paresis after medial tegmental pontine stroke. Computed tomographic scans and anatomical correlations in four patients.

A common pattern of reduction in both rapid eye movement and non-rapid eye movement sleep associated with various lateral gaze paralyses was present in four cases of brain-stem stroke. From computed tomographic scan data, clinical inferences, and, in two cases, neuropathologic sections, the common lesions were localized in the medial pontine tegmentum, ie, the inner part of the gigantocellular and pontis centralis caudalis nuclei. These data in humans were compared with lesions obtained experimentally in cats.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Stroke risk in patients with carotid stenosis.

In 242 neurologically symptomless patients with at least one non-occlusive carotid stenosis on ultrasonography (continuous wave doppler and echotomography-B mode imaging) 171 carotids showed 0-50% stenosis, 150 showed 50-75% stenosis, and 78 showed more than 75% stenosis. The mean follow-up was 29.4 months, with stroke and death as end points. Of the 56 deaths 2 were causally linked to a stroke (crude annual mortality index 9.57%). Of the 10 strokes 7 were judged to be infarctions in carotid territory. 7 out of 20 patients with transient ischaemic attacks (TIA) had ischaemic symptoms definitely related to carotid territory. The crude annual indices of specific stroke or TIA were 0.45% for nonstenotic carotid, 0.23% for 0-50% stenosis, 2.48% for 50-75% stenosis, and 1.71% for 75-99% stenosis. Stenoses of greater than 50% were associated with more ischaemic events than were lesser degrees of narrowing (p less than 0.01).

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of the clinical hypnotic effects of zopiclone and triazolam.

In a double blind crossover therapeutic trial the hypnotic effect of Zopiclone 7.5 mg and Triazolam 0.5 mg given orally at bedtime for 7 consecutive days have been compared. 5 of the items in Spiegel's questionnaire and 12 of the 18 items in Norris' visual analogue scale were significantly more improved by Zopiclone than by Triazolam. Both drugs caused few side-effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Two distinct classifications of adult epilepsies: by time of seizures and by sensitivity of the interictal paroxysmal activities to sleep and waking.

Two hundred and thirty-six adult epileptic outpatients were classified twice: firstly according to the time of seizures reported by the patient or his family in diurnal, nocturnal, awaking and diffuse epilepsies (Es) and secondly according to the sensitivity to sleep or waking of the interictal paroxysmal activities (PA) observed during a polysomnographic night session with a sleep PA increase, with a waking PA increase, with PA indifferent to sleep and waking or with few or no PA. The stability of the sensitivity of the PA to sleep and waking was 84%. Patients with diurnal epilepsy have more frequently myoclonic attacks and a lower seizure frequency. Patients with a sleep PA increase have less frequently generalized motor seizures, more frequently partial complex seizures, a higher seizure frequency, higher total night PA density and more frequently the appearance of new PA during sleep. Patients with a waking PA increase had more frequently massive myoclonus, rarely the appearance of new PA during sleep and a high total night PA density. There is no significant relationship between the two classifications. Neither classification succeeds in discriminating the electro-clinical type of the epilepsies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[EEG spectral analysis in sylvian ischemia with normal value tracings].

The EEG power spectral analysis of 8 patients with a definite sylvian ischemia, the standard EEG of which was normal, was determined in comparison with the date of a control group (N = 14). We calculated the right-left power spectral differences in 4 symmetrical bipolar leads for 5 rhythms (delta: 1.2-3.1 Hz, theta: 3.5-7 Hz, alpha: 7.4-12.3 Hz, beta 1: 12.9-14.1 Hz and beta 2: 15.2-17.2 Hz). For each patient, the spectral difference is measured in comparison with the normal range of the control group with an alpha risk of 5%. There are 54 asymmetries favouring the lesioned side (mostly in 5 patients) and 6 the opposite, without predominance of a particular rhythm with the exception of the beta 2 rhythm which presents no asymmetries.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Atheroma: which carotids should be surgically treated?].

Atheroma of the carotid bifurcation can be held responsible for 15% of the 150 000 cases of cerebrovascular attack recorded annually in France. Most of these are caused by an embolus detached from the thrombus formed around the atheromatous lesions. The natural history of asymptomatic carotid stenosis is imperfectly known because the patients are very heterogeneous. However, published series suggest that the risk of ischaemic complication in cases with more than 50% stenosis is about 0.7% per annum. No medical treatment has been tested against this disease. On the other hand, several uncontrolled studies have highlighted the therapeutic value of endarterectomy. The tendency towards surgery may become more widespread as non-invasive detection by ultrasounds is increasingly used. A randomized therapeutic trial is required to determine the value of this operation and the maximum tolerable morbidity rate. In the case of transient ischaemic attacks, a joint study on extracranial arterial occlusion has demonstrated the value of successful endarterectomy and shown that the maximum tolerable morbidity from surgery is 3%. Slightly higher figures are probably acceptable for cases with tight stenosis. Such an approach cannot determine whether endarterectomy would be of value in completed stroke, because the pathological conditions involved are extremely variable. Reasoning by analogy with transient ischaemic attacks, it would seem that tight or ulcerated stenoses could benefit from the operation some time after a regressive stroke. Ultrasonic techniques and intravenous angiography have made examination of the cervical arteries considerably easier. The risk of wounding the left carotid artery should be carefully weighed. Preoperative cardiac assessment is necessary in view of the high incidence of heart disease in the follow-up of these patients. Thus, natural history data set high standards for surgical performance and less risk for pre-operative investigations.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1986

[Outcome of intracranial meningioma in adults. Retrospective study of a medicosurgical series of 161 meningiomas].

The authors report the retrospective study of a medico-surgical series of 161 patients with intracranial meningiomas, diagnosed over a period of 9 years, with a follow-up period varying from 18 months to 9 years. Out of 185 cases studied, 24 were excluded because information or perspective were inadequate. Of the 161 cases retained, 133 (82.6%) were given surgical treatment and 28 (17.4%) were given conservative treatment because the clinical state was poor or the location was deemed inoperable. The sex ratio was 3 women to 1 man. The average age was 58 years. The most frequent locations were the convexity (27.9%) and the sphenoid ridge (24.7%). Among the clinical signs, apart from the usual general seizures or pyramidal signs should be noted the importance of psychological disorders. The operative mortality rate was 14.3% with a very high peak in the sixth decade, reaching 27%, while it was only 9% in the seventh decade and 13% in those over seventy. The internal sphenoid ridge location had a mortality rate of 31.5%, which is significantly higher than for all the other locations. Quality of survival was identical for all age groups. Complications were mainly seizures, functional deficits and psychological disorders. Recurrences were relatively few (10%), but insufficient lapse of time and the presence of only one malignant meningioma explain the lowness of this figure. The use of scanner was not determinant in our series, neither on the earliness of diagnosis, nor on prognosis, comparison of figures before and since scanning showing no significant differences.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Electroencephalographic spectral power and lateralized motor activities.

The powers of the theta (3.5-7 Hz), alpha (7.4-12.3 Hz) and beta 1 (12.9-14.8 Hz) rhythms were analysed in symmetrical derivations. Sixteen right-handed young male adults were observed: at rest, with eyes closed (EC) (4 sequences) and eyes open (EO) (4 sequences); during right then left tonic alternate or sequential movements of the hand and while gazing to the right then to the left. At rest there exists a clear and significant spectral dominance to the right which does not appear in all the rhythms or in all the derivations. As far as the alpha rhythm EC is concerned, individual analysis of the sequences shows that of those which are significantly lateralized, three-quarters are lateralized towards the right. Right motor activity exaggerates, left motor activity diminishes, this right electrical dominance. Lateral gaze is the most powerful activity in this respect. At each derivation, comparison of intensities during right and left activities shows that the contralateral movements diminish the spectral power in the 3 bands studied. This effect seems to be obtained most frequently at the centro-parietal level. The spectral power at rest compared with that during motor activity is higher constantly for theta rhythm, in almost half the cases for the alpha and occasionally for the beta 1.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Study of early somatosensory evoked potentials by stimulation of the median nerve at the wrist in 6 patients with unilateral thalamic lesions].

Somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded at Erb's point, over the cervical spine (C7) and over the cortex: parietal and frontal electrodes were contralateral and ipsilateral to the stimulus which was applied on the median nerve at the wrist. The stimulation was performed on 2 control groups, the first consisting of 10 subjects (average age: 33.6 years), the second of 16 subjects (average age: 66.2 years) and on 6 patients presenting unilateral thalamic lesions. These lesions were circumscribed, ischaemic or haemorrhagic and were visualized by a scanner. In 5 of our patients, a diffusion of the P14 wave with normal latency and a delay in the N20 cortical wave was obtained at the parietal electrode contralateral to the stimulus and homolateral to the lesion. Normal latencies were observed for the diffusion of the N18 wave recorded at the frontal electrode contralateral to the stimulus. In the 6th patient, the evoked potentials were normal. The results of the somatosensory evoked potentials observed in our patients are discussed in the context of the anatomical lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Spinal and cortical SEP's in healthy subjects and paraplegics].

SEPs are evoked by electrical stimulation of tibial nerve in the fossa poplitea. Surface electrodes, located in S1, L4, L2, T12 with a reference in T6, can record lumbar evoked potentials and calculate a peripheral sensitive velocity. Bipolar leads between electrodes located in T12, T9, T6, T3 and C7 record medullary potential and calculate a medullary transit velocity. The cortical potential is monitored between C'z and a non-cephalic reference. 25 controls and 10 paraplegic patients are studied. In controls, sensitive peripheral velocity is 59 m/sec. The lumbar potential is composed of two negative waves, respectively due to the activation of sensitive roots and to the medullary potential. The medullary transit velocity, measured by the increase of the latency of the culmination of this negative wave along the spine, is 60 m/sec. The cortical potential is composed of two stable waves P30 N38 which are observed in every control; these waves are followed by a succession of positive and negative waves. In the 10 paraplegic patients, complete anesthesia observed in 5 cases is associated with an absence of cortical potential, and the hypoesthesia observed in 5 cases is associated with a cortical potential with a reduced amplitude (2 cases) or an increased latency (3 cases). In these last 3 cases, the medullary potential allows to specify the location of slowing of the transit velocity.

Adult↗