Biomedical subjects

A Ayachi

Publications and source records attributed to A Ayachi.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

[Hyaline membrane disease in full-term neonates].

OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of the consequences of preplanned delivery near term on the neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and its mechanism of occurrence. PATIENTS AND METHODS: During five years, full-term infants (> or =37 weeks gestational age) admitted in the Institut de Puericulture de Paris, with a well characterized hyaline membrane disease, were included in a retrospective study. RESULTS: During this period, 97 full-term neonates with respiratory distress syndrome were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit. The diagnosis of hyaline membrane disease was made in view of clinical and radiological criteria. The study of mode of delivery has shown a high frequency of pre-planned delivery: 54% caesarean and 24% vaginal delivery. A high-risk of occurrence of hyaline membrane disease was identified around 37 weeks gestational age in the case of preplanned delivery. CONCLUSION: Preplanned delivery near 37 weeks gestational age may increase the risk of occurrence of hyaline membrane disease in full-term neonates.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Erythropoietin administration to preterm infants: comparison between subcutaneous and intravenous route].

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to compare the effectiveness of a one-month treatment with recombinant human erythropoietine (rHuEpo) according to the administration route. METHODS: Retrospective study based on the data collection from medical files of 64 preterm infant hospitalized in the "institut de puériculture et de périnatalogie" (Paris) between January 13th, 2002 and April 13th, 2002. The first group (N =33) was treated by subcutaneous rHuEpo 750 IU/kg per week, in three injections by week, for one month. The second group (N =15) was treated by continuous infusion of rHuEpo in total parenteral nutrition 1050 IU/kg per week (30% augmentation to compensate the amount absorbed by the filter). The third group (N =16) received 750 IU/kg per week of rHuEpo in three direct intravenous injections. The effectiveness of rHuEpo was evaluated by the absolute reticulocyte count, the level of hemoglobin and the incidence of blood transfusion (multiple logistic analysis of variant and regression). RESULTS: The absolute reticulocyte count and hemoglobin level were significantly reduced after one month of treatment by continuous infusion of rHuEpo in total parenteral nutrition and direct intravenous injections compared with a one-month treatment by subcutaneous rHuEpo. Hemoglobine level were at 8.8 and 9.6 g/dl vs 10.3 g/dl (P =0.02) and absolute reticulocyte count at 123,000/mm3 and 190,000/mm3 vs 216,000/mm3 (p =0.001). The number of transfused infants was significantly increased with utilization of continuous (40%) and direct intravenous (75%) compared with those treated by subcutaneous route (21.2%) while the ferritin level and phlebotomy losses were not significantly different in the three groups. The number of blood transfusion was significantly linked to phlebotomy losses and administration route of rHuEpo. CONCLUSION: Our study tends to demonstrate that rHuEpo administered subcutaneously reduces significantly the number of transfusion in contrary to intravenous routes. Waiting for pilot study and new molecules, we recommend subcutaneous administration of rHuEpo to preterm infants 250 IU/kg three times weekly in the treatment of anemia of prematurity.

Anemia↗

PubMed2003

[Acute neonatal appendicitis in an inguinal hernia].

UNLABELLED: Acute neonatal appendicitis is a rare surgical emergency. Prognosis depends on early diagnosis and management. CASE REPORT: A three and a half-month-old premature infant needed an urgent laparotomy because of an occlusive syndrome and sepsis with an inflammatory skin reaction. The per-operative diagnosis was suppurative acute appendicitis with local peritonitis, the appendix being strangulated into the inguinal hernia. DISCUSSION: Neonatal appendicitis represents 0.1% of all infantile appendicitis. Fifty percent of such cases occur in premature infants. Two clinical presentations exist, whose diagnosis is often made during surgery. The abdominal presentation (2/3 of the cases) can mimic necrotizing enterocolitis; the diagnosis is often late and evolution leads to diffuse peritonitis in the majority of the cases, while the mortality rate is higher than 50%. The intra-hernial presentation (1/3 of the cases), instead, is usually diagnosed and managed early due to the inguino-scrotal induration, while mortality rate is near zero. CONCLUSION: The high frequency of inguinal hernia in premature infants should not mask the risk for intra-hernial appendicitis. Inguino-scrotal inflammation should evoke the diagnosis. Prognosis depends on early and urgent surgical management.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed2002

[Neonatal enterovirus myocarditis].

UNLABELLED: Enterovirus infections in neonates are difficult to diagnose. Diphasic pattern and possibly fatal myocarditis must be anticipated. CASE REPORT: A 14-day-old girl had presented a heart failure after an initial episode of gastroenteritis and supraventricular tachycardia. Investigation demonstrated global myocardial dysfunction. Diagnosis of neonatal enterovirus myocarditis was made by polymerase chain reaction detection of viral genome. Heart failure was controlled with medical treatment. CONCLUSION: Enterovirus myocarditis is typically a biphasic illness. Rapid diagnosis of enteroviral infection in neonatal period may be made by polymerase chain reaction detection of viral genome. There is anecdoctal evidence that immunoglobulin infusions may improve outcome.

Enterovirus B, Human↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Meningococcosis in Tunisia. Apropos of 80 cases].

Meningococcosis are nowadays an health problem because their incidence rate (38 cases/100,000 people in 1986 in Mahdia region) and a high death rate (40%) due to fulminating forms. At the occasion of a prospective study during the first six months of 1987, the authors report the emergence of C serogroup (21%), the smallness of A serogroup (6.50%) and the predominance of B serogroup (68%). Improving level of living, good prophylaxy based on spiramycin, development of use of meningococcal vaccine are advisable means to control epidemic outbreaks.

Adolescent↗