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Biomedical subjects

A B Lerner

Publications and source records attributed to A B Lerner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Vitiligo, chronic thrombocytopenia, and autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

A 12-year-old boy with vitiligo, chronic thrombocytopenia, and a Coombs's positive autoimmune hemolytic anemia was treated with oral psoralens and exposure to ultraviolet light. An acute hemolytic crisis developed and he died. The association of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and vitilligo should be looked for in other cases. Until more information is available, patients with vitiligo and thrombocytopenia should not be treated with psoralens and exposure to ultraviolet light.

Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune↗
PubMed1977

The effects of oral melatonin on skin color and on the release of pituitary hormones.

We studied the effects of prolonged ingestion of melatonin, 1 g per day, on skin color and the serum levels of pituitary hormones in 5 human subjects with hyperpigmented skin. Melatonin lightened hyperpigmented skin of one patient with untreated adrenogenital syndrome, but had no effect on three patients' skin with idiopathic hyperpigmentation and one patient with treated Addison's disease. Melatonin appeared to depress the level of luteinizing hormone (LH) in serum and may have inhibited in some patients the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland after stimulation by stress or L-dopa. The subjects all noted increased drowsiness but through studies on the eyes, liver, kidneys, and bone marrow revealed no other evidence of toxicity.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1977

On the causes of melanomas.

A large number of factors have been identified which seem to predispose an individual to develop melanoma. Black-skinned individuals rarely have malanomas, but this variety of tumors is common in red-haired or blond subjects. The incidence of melanoma is particularly high if such fair-skinned subjects are exposed for long perods of time to intense sunlight. Nevi, congenital or acquired, can degenerate into melanomas. In some families, many of the family members develop multiple nevi that are unusually large and red in color. All of these appear to degenerate into melanomas with time. Nature has provided other examples of genetic factors which induce melanomas, i.e., the melanomas which form in the platyfish and Sinclair miniature swine.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Nonrandom distribution of receptors for melanocyte-stimulating hormone on the surface of mouse melanoma cells.

An improved bubble method was developed for applying an ultrathin layer of nuclear track emulsion on the surface of cells labeled with I125-MSH. The autoradiographs of I125-MSH binding indicate a nonrandom distribution of receptors on the surface of mouse melanoma cells. It is suggested that MSH receptors are displayed in clusters previous to and independently of their exposure to the hormone.

Acetone↗
PubMed1976

Association of cell surface receptors for melanotropin with the Golgi region in mouse melanoma cells.

Binding of beta-melanotropin (betal-melanocyte stimulating hormone) to mouse melanoma cells occurs in a region on the cell surface overlying the Golgi complex. This association was demonstrated by labeling cells with fluorescein isothiocyanate hormone and by locating the Golgi complex with a histochemical test for thiamine pyrophosphatase activity. The biologically active fluorescent hormone appears on the surface and later in vesicles in the malanized cells, as judged by fluorescence microscopy. It is conceivable that internalization of the hormone is instrumental in the process of hormonally induced melanization. Because initial and late events of hormonally induced pigmentation are related to the Golgi complex, it is likely that instructions that follow the attachment of melanotropin to receptors are carried out in a compartmentalized manner.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1976

Biochemistry in relation to dermatology in the past 25 years.

Great progress has been made during the past 25 years in biochemical studies and similar progress has been made in investigative dermatology. The progress originally depended upon the development of a group of leaders who won support for research endeavors, and in the future its continuation will depend upon support for basic support for basic research in clinical departments. Current studies on melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptors, the role of filaments in pigment cells, and the role of cyclic AMP in melanocytes are reviewed.

Biochemistry↗
PubMed1975

Melanoma cells resistant to inhibition of growth by melanocyte stimulating hormone.

Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) enhances melanization but inhibits proliferation of Cloudman S91 melanoma cells in culture. We have isolated variants of these cells that can grow in the presence of MSH. The conclusions we have reached from analyses of these cells are the following: (1) Basal tyrosinase activity (monophenol monooxygenase; monophenol, dihydroxyphenylalanine:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.14.18.1), i.e., the activity that is present in the absence of added MSH, is related through a common biochemical pathway to MSH-mediated control of growth. (2) MSH-inducible tyrosinase activity does not appear to be related to MSH control of growth. (3) The morphological changes that occur following the addition of MSH or cAMP are related to controls of growth and not to those of melanization.

Animals↗