Biomedical subjects
A B Tullo
Publications and source records attributed to A B Tullo.
Arborescent bacterial keratopathy (infectious crystalline keratopathy).
Bacterial colonisation of the cornea is described in two cases, one bilateral. Discreet, white, branching opacities are produced without associated inflammation. It is suggested that due to its aetiology "arborescent bacterial keratopathy" is a better name for this condition than "infectious crystalline keratopathy".
Secondary lens implantation: incidence, indications and complications.
A retrospective study of 79 secondary intraocular lens implants performed during 1984-87 in a large teaching hospital is reported. The period of follow-up ranged from 6 months to 3.9 years (mean 16.6 months). The principal indication for surgery was contact lens intolerance. Thirty-four per cent of the patients had previously undergone cataract surgery with implantation of the other eye. Eighty-three per cent of the patients achieved a visual acuity within one Snellen line of best-corrected preoperative visual acuity. A further 2.5% lost two lines of Snellen chart acuity, and 14.5% had a substantial reduction in visual acuity. We conclude that in carefully selected patients secondary intraocular lens implantation is an acceptable and often highly successful way of treating monocular aphakia and we discuss the selection and preoperative investigation of such patients.
Corneal sensation in acute angle closure glaucoma.
Corneal sensation was found to be decreased in eyes affected by acute angle closure glaucoma. In those patients with a short history (less than four days) the difference in sensation between the two eyes was only detectable using the Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometer and not by using cotton wool. Patients with a longer history had a more marked decrease in corneal sensation that was detectable by both methods. Corneal sensation in both groups tended to recover partially on normalization of the intraocular pressure.
Lamellar macular hole associated with idiopathic juxtafoveolar telangiectasia.
A case of juxtafoveolar telangiectasia complicated by lamellar, retinal hole is reported and the pathogenesis discussed. This association is not commonly recognised.
Histopathology of adenovirus type 8 keratitis.
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Traumatic myopia; an ultrasonographic and clinical study.
Three patients with transient myopia following blunt injury are described with the aid of serial ultrasonography. The cause of refractive change is an increase in the anteroposterior thickness of the crystalline lens, which probably results from oedema of the ciliary body.
Analysis of glycoproteins expressed by isolates of herpes simplex virus causing different forms of keratitis in man.
An in vitro analysis of glycoprotein produced by nine human ocular isolates of HSV-1 is reported. The source of the isolates was; three patients with recurrent dendritic keratitis, three with chronic stromal disease and three with primary keratoconjunctivitis. Virus strains were labelled with the radioactive precursors (35S) methionine and (14C) glucosamine. Radiolabelled viral glycoproteins were subsequently analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), followed by autoradiography. Viral glycoproteins were further characterised by immuno-precipitation with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to HSV. The stromal isolates excrete larger amounts of 'soluble' precursor glycoprotein D than those in the other two disease categories. It is possible that the immune response to glycoprotein D is in part responsible for the severity of stromal disease.
Severe eye injuries in cricket.
We report five cases of severe eye injury sustained in cricket, including retinal detachment and rupture of the globe. The eye is at particular risk from a rising ball. We comment on the need for appropriate facial protection for batsmen and close fielders.
Herpesvirus simplex in chronic human stromal keratitis.
A method is described for the isolation of Herpesvirus simplex (HSV) from corneal discs of patients suffering from chronic stromal keratitis. The discs were removed during penetrating keratoplasty. Virus was successfully isolated from 2 out of 8 discs maintained in vitro.
Endophthalmitis and bacterial endocarditis.
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More corneal grafts.
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Spread of herpes simplex virus and distribution of latent infection after intraocular infection of the mouse.
Intraocular inoculation of HSV 1 in the mouse results not only in uveitis, but also in the spread of virus via sensory, sympathetic and optic nerves. During the acute infection with HSV 1 strain SC 16 in both outbred and NIH (inbred) mice, virus reached the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglion, superior cervical ganglion, both sides of the brain stem and the contralateral (uninoculated) eye. With HSV 1 strain KOS in outbred mice the same tissues became infected but virus was also isolated from the ophthalmic part of the contralateral trigeminal ganglion. After resolution of the acute disease in outbred mice, latent infection with strain KOS was demonstrated in both trigeminal ganglia and in the ipsilateral superior cervical ganglion. With strain KOS, virus was sometimes isolated from eyes removed more than a month after inoculation and then cultured in vitro for 2-3 weeks. By electron microscopy infected cells were seen in the choroid and sclera of such eyes.
Isolation of herpes simplex virus from corneal discs of patients with chronic stromal keratitis.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) was isolated from the corneal discs of six patients with herpes simplex keratitis, which were removed during penetrating keratoplasty and then cultured in vitro. The demonstration of persistent infection in stromal keratitis, even when the condition is quiescent, emphasizes the need for antiviral agents in treatment. The findings support the possibility that latent infection may become established at a peripheral site.
Distribution of latent herpes simplex virus in human trigeminal ganglion.
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Ocular infection with herpes simplex virus in nonimmune and immune mice.
In a detailed study of ocular infection by herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 in mice, the course and signs of eye disease were investigated and compared in primary and secondary infection using slit-lamp examination, culture of the tear film, and monitoring of the blink reflex. Response to primary inoculation ranged from subclinical infection to severe keratitis. Compared with conjunctival scarification, corneal scarification resulted in more frequent and severe eye disease and signs of CNS infection. Previous infection in the skin of the contralateral ear considerably modified subsequent infection of the eye so that signs of disease occurred earlier, were limited to dendritic keratitis with some stromal involvement, and were largely reversible. The mouse seems to be a suitable animal for studying ocular infection with HSV.
Retinal degeneration in NIH (inbred) mice.
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