PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Bárdos

Publications and source records attributed to A Bárdos.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Incidental renal carcinoma].

BACKGROUND: The increasing use of progressive noninvasive diagnostic imaging techniques, has substantially increased the detection of incidentally detected renal cell carcinoma (RCC). OBJECTIVES: To determine the manner of presentation of RCC and the frequency of incidentally detected RCC. The natural history of RCC of incidentally discovered RCC was compared with that of symptomatic RCC, the reasons for examination and the methods of diagnosis in patients with incidental tumours were analysed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a retrospective study, 463 patients with RCC treated between 1981 and 1995 were reviewed. The patients were divided into four groups according to the fact as to whether the tumours were diagnosed on the basis of urologic symptoms, with paraneoplastic syndromes, with symptoms of metastatic disease, or whether they were detected incidentally. The records of 180 patients with RCC treated between 1991 and 1995 were grouped according to the fact as to whether the tumour was detected incidentally (n = 85), or whether it was discovered with symptoms related to the neoplastic renal disease (n = 95). The groups were compared regarding patient's age, sex, tumour size, grade of malignancy, stage and survival using univariate analyses. RESULTS: The number of RCC detected incidentally has increased from 9.3% (1981-1985) to 47.2% (1991-1995). There were significant differences between groups in the distribution of clinical stages, T1 + T2 stages were more frequently detected in incidental tumours (p < or = 0.005). No significant difference was observed between the survival of incidental and symptomatic patients. Abdominal ultrasonography was the most useful method for the detection of incidental RCC (88.2%). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that the incidentally detected RCC occur in lower stages than the symptomatic tumours.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1997

[The antiandrogen withdrawal syndrome: decrease in prostate specific antigen serum levels after withdrawal of antiandrogens].

Combined androgen blockade using surgical or medical (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist) castration in association with anti-androgen has become the primary therapy in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Patients undergoing combined androgen blockade will progress within 18-30 months after initial hormonal therapy. When progression occurs following combined androgen blockade, the non-steroid anti-androgen should be subsequently withdrawn. Several recent reports have been published on the paradoxical effect of anti-androgen withdrawal. Eight (22.9%) of 35 patients showed a decline in PSA levels following flutamide withdrawal. The mean time to progression following combined androgen blockade was 26 month and the mean duration of response to flutamide withdrawal was 4.1 months.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Chronic ischaemia of the ileal neobladder: clinical manifestations and management.

Recently, bladder replacement with intestinal reservoir is becoming more common as urinary diversion in a selected group of patients after radical cystectomy. Complications occurred in two patients, 2 and 7 months, respectively, after successful radical cystoprostatectomy and reconstruction of the ileal neobladder, due to chronic ischaemic changes of the latter. Their clinical manifestations and management are discussed. Some of the possible potential mechanisms responsible for ischaemic changes of the reservoir are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Prostate-specific antigen in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia].

The authors examined 119 patients with the histological finding of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Before the planned operation of the prostate (transurethral resection or open prostatectomy) the authors examined in all patients the level of the prostate specific antigen (PSA) and the prostate volume by sonography. Of 119 patients 70 (58.8%) had elevated serum levels of PSA and in 35 (29.4%) the PSA level was higher than 10 ng/ml. The authors demonstrated a highly significant (p < 0.0001) linear relationship of the PSA serum level and volume of prostate in patients with BPH. Based on the results of simple regression analysis they elaborate an equation for the prostate volume: PSA ng/ml = (3.26 + 0.12 x volume of prostate (ml) +/- 8.44). By adding the value of the standard deviation of PSA the authors created an interval in which are most of the patients with BPH. The authors recommend supplementary examinations (transrectal sonography and biopsy of the prostate) in patients where there is a disproportion between the PSA level and the prostate volume.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Rectosigmoid reservoirs (pouch)].

A low pressure and high capacity rectosigmoid reservoir for urine is formed without the need for colostomy, augmentation or extensive bowel surgery. Reservoir is created by antimesenterial detubularization of the rectosigmoid and subsequent suturing. The authors describe the operation technique and analyses the results in 20 patients who were followed up 1-25 (average 14) months after operation. All patients are continent during the day time and at night. Two patients had at the sites of implantation ureteral stricture, which in one necessitated reoperation and undiversion and in the other endoscopic dilation of the stricture.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Systemic chemotherapy for muscle invasive bladder cancer.

A total of 60 patients with muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were entered into the nonrandomized study. The 1st group consisted of 30 patients treated by M-VAC neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy when a residual tumor had been detected by biopsy made after the treatment. The overall clinical response was 70%. Fifteen (50%) out of 30 patients achieved clinical complete response (cCR). Objective pathologic response was attained in 6 (66.7%) of 9 evaluable patients who underwent radical cystectomy, pathologic complete response (pCR) was observed in two (22.2%) patients. Ten (33.3%) patients are still alive at a median follow-up of 22+ months. There were three (10%) drug-related deaths. The 2nd group consisted of 30 patients treated by CMV (with carboplatin) neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical pathologic response was attained in 9 (47.4%) of 19 evaluable patients, with pCR in 6 (31.6%) patients. Twenty four (80%) patients are still alive at a median follow-up of 13+ months. There was one (3.3%) drug-related death. The authors recommend immediate radical cystectomy following neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in all patients if their total status it allows.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Radical cystectomy in the therapy of bladder tumors].

Between January 1970 and December 1992, 100 patients (95 males and 5 females) underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer. Their mean age was 54.9 years (range, 34-74 years). Indications for radical surgery were multiple superficial tumors (pTa, pT1) in 24 patients and muscle invasive bladder cancer (pT2, pT3b) in 76 patients. Patients with invasive bladder cancer had received elective pre-operative radiotherapy (40 Gy in 20 pts, 20 Gy in 18 pts). Seven patients had undergone salvage cystectomy after full-dose irradiation (60 Gy); 20 pts received pre-operative (neo-adjuvant) chemotherapy (M-VAC or CMV combination) and 11 pts had had no therapy before cystectomy. In 5 pts urinary diversion was performed in advance; in 95 pts cystectomy and urinary diversion were done at the same time. The following methods of urinary diversion were used: ureteroileostomy (Wallace's modification) in 80 pts, Mainz pouch I (ileal conduit with intermittent catheterization) in 6 pts, Mainz pouch with ileourethral anastomosis in 3 pts, ureterosigmoidostomy in 5 pts and Mainz pouch II (continent rectosigmoidal reservoir) in 6 pts. Post-cystectomy mortality was 8.0%. Long-term survival (Kaplan-Meier) following cystectomy was 15-20% of pts with invasive bladder cancer and 30-40% of pts with superficial bladder cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Comparison of urography and ultrasonography findings in patients prior to prostatectomy].

In order to evaluate the assess of ultrasonographic examinations in patients before prostatectomy the authors correlated preoperative findings obtained by urography with ultrasonographic findings. Urography of the upper urinary pathways revealed 12 (18.8%) pathological findings, ultrasonographic examination 26 findings (40.6%) in a group of 64 patients. While in 14 patients a pathological finding on ultrasonography was not revealed by urography, only in one patient with a positive urographic finding ultrasonography was negative. Ultrasonographic examination proved to be more valuable in assessing the post-miction residue, as compared with urography. Moreover, ultrasonography is useful for assessing the volume of tissue of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Correlation of the calculated volume of prostatic tissue by means of ultrasonography with the weight of removed tissue revealed a close linear correlation. Ultrasonographic examination of patients before prostatectomy replaced urography which proved to be unnecessary diagnostic procedure.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Urinary diversion by means of uretero-ileostomy. Long-term results].

The authors analyze a group of 187 patients where in 1969-1991 a ureteroileostomy was performed on account of malignant tumours (89.8%) or other diseases (10.2%). Ureteroileostomy was indicated along with cystectomy in 77 patients with tumours of the urinary bladder (63 times), with gynaecological carcinoma (21 times) and in tumours of the urethra and rectum (7 times). Indications in non-tumours diseases comprised a neurogenic bladder (10 times) exstrophy of the urinary bladder (6 times), post-traumatic incontinence of urine in women (twice) and iatrogenic injuries of the ureters (once). In all patients an anastomosis between the ureter and excluded loop, as described by Wallace, was used. The surgical mortality was 5.3%. During the immediate postoperative period 96 complications developed in 91 (51.3%) patients. As to late complications, most frequently complications of the stoma of the excluded loop were involved. Ureteroileostomy gives satisfactory results in the majority of patients, however, the number of complications is not negligible. The authors discuss the selection of derivation methods under our conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Flow cytometry (FCM) analysis of endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma.

In a series of 52 biopsy specimens (31 endometrial carcinomas, 10 atypical endometrial hyperplasias, and 11 cases of normal endometrium), DNA ploidy and S-phase cell fraction were estimated in paraffin-embedded material. DNA aneuploidy was detected in 2 of the 10 atypical endometrial hyperplasias and 7 of the 31 endometrial carcinomas. The majority of aneuploidy was found to be connected with the loss of tumor differentiation. No ploidy disturbances were found in normal endometrium. The S-phase cell fraction value of normal endometrium was significantly lower when compared with that of endometrial carcinoma. The broad variation in S-phase cell fraction values of the endometrial carcinomas and atypical endometrial hyperplasias was in contrast with the low variability of S-phase cell values of normal endometrium. Very low incidence of aneuploidy in the group of well differentiated endometrial carcinomas (Grade I) enables the suggestion that the presence of aneuploidy predicts a more aggressive disease and that the detection of an aneuploid stemline in atypical endometrial hyperplasia may already indicate the neoplastic transformation.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic↗
PubMed1989

[Transurethral incision of the prostate].

Transurethral incision of the prostate (TUIP) is performed by a knife-shaped electrode in the folds between the lateral and middle lobe of the prostate roughly at numbers 5 and 7 of the dial from the neck of the urinary bladder in the direction towards the colliculus seminalis. In the course of five years TUIP was indicated in 87 patients--with so-called minimal benign prostatic hyperplasia (less tissue than 10 g). The operation accounted for 13.6% of operations performed on account of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Forty-four of 57 checked patients (77.2%) reported subjective improvement of complaints after TUIP and had no complaints, in five the condition was unaltered and in eight the subjective symptoms were more severe. Transurethral incision of the prostate is technically less pretentious than transurethral resection of the prostate.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The incidence of carcinoma in situ in postpubertal undescended testis.

In a retrospective study of 32 adult males undergoing "preventive" orchiectomy for unilateral undescended testis the average age of the patients at the time of orchiectomy was 28.3 years (range 16-63). Macroscopically, all the testes were atrophic and there was no evidence of tumour. In all surgically removed testes histological examination showed atrophied germinative epithelium and absence of spermatogenesis. In one patient, aged 16, an obvious carcinoma in situ was identified. In another 3 patients, aged 18, 19 and 29, atypical germ cells were found. Unilateral undescended testis in postpubertal patients should be treated by orchiectomy instead of orchiopexy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Prognosis of patients after retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy for clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumour of the testis.

A retrospective analysis of patients with the clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumour of the testis was performed in order to test the reliability of clinical diagnostic methods in assessing the extent of the disease, morbidity, relapse rate, and survival after retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy, and in an effort to pinpoint the risk factors leading to relapse. A total of 69 patients with clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumours of the testis underwent retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. Metastases in the retroperitoneal space were found in 8 [11.6%] patients. Immediate postoperative complications were observed in 7.2% of patients. Loss of ejaculation was found in 52.9% of patients after bilateral, and in 21.4% after unilateral retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy. Relapse was noted in 5 out of 61 [8.2%] patients, with the relapse invariably localized in the lungs. Of the 69 patients, 65 [94.2%] are alive, free of signs of the disease at an average 5.4 years since initiation of treatment. The study did not find a correlation between relapse and histologic findings and/or the extent of the germ cell tumour.

Adolescent↗