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Biomedical subjects

A Böhm

Publications and source records attributed to A Böhm.

72 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Absolute bioavailability of theophylline from a sustained-release formulation using different intravenous reference infusions.

The effect of different intravenous infusions on the absolute bioavailability of theophylline from a sustained-release formulation has been investigated. Oral administration of 750 mg theophylline (2 capsules Euphylong 375) was referenced to intravenous aminophylline infusions corresponding to 506 mg theophylline over 8 h (63 mg.h-1) in Study 1, and to 749 mg theophylline over 14 h in Study 2. A reduction in the infusion rate from 69 to 33 mg.h-1 was made in Study 2 after 8 h in order to mimic the concentration/time profile of the oral formulation as closely as possible. The absolute bioavailability was 100 (89, 115)% in Study 1 and 88 (73, 105)% in Study 2. The lower clearance values and, as a consequence, the lower bioavailability ratios observed with the higher intravenous dose, although not significant, indicate that the absolute bioavailability of theophylline might appear to depend on the choice of the intravenous reference standard.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Aggressive behavior induces release of nerve growth factor from mouse salivary gland into the bloodstream.

Intraspecific fighting induced by 6-8 weeks of social isolation results in massive release of nerve growth factor (NGF) into the bloodstream of adult male mice. The amount of circulating NGF is highly correlated with the number of fighting episodes. Biological, radioimmunological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural studies show that NGF is discharged from the salivary gland into the blood within minutes after fighting and reaches the highest level 3-4 hr later. Adrenergic innervation of the salivary gland or adrenalectomy does not abolish the NGF release. Corticotropic hormones do not induce NGF increase in the blood. Daily administrations of highly purified NGF (3 micrograms per g of body weight) result in a considerable increase in the volume of adrenal glands. These findings are unequivocable evidence for a physiological role of the mouse salivary glands as a major source of blood NGF.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1983

[Enteral or parenteral feeding therapy. Comparative clinical study].

We investigated 20 patients - randomized into two groups - in a period of six postoperative days. We wanted to prove, whether parenteral and enteral feeding show differences in their nutritional effect. Both, parenteral and enteral nutrition had the same content of calories and nitrogen. The application of parenteral nutrition proceeded via central venous catheter and of enteral nutrition via tube feeding into the first part of the jejunum. There were no differences to be shown between both groups. Changes of the investigated datas from day to day had been typical changes within the postaggression syndrome. It was proven that tube feeding could be started in the early postoperative period. The tube diet was well tolerated and totally absorbed in the intestine. We believe that this form of tube feeding with a special diet may be a definite alternative to parenteral nutrition in patients within intensive care units and after surgery also in the very early postoperative period.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Relationships between course of anesthesia, depth of anesthesia and acetylcholine content of the brain after urethane and pentobarbital administration in the rat].

Urethane (1.25 g/kg) and pentobarbital (0.06 g/kg) 30 min after i.v. application increase the content of acetylcholine in telencephalic areas but not in the brain stem. These acetylcholine levels are normalized again 120 min p.i.; but urethane treated animals show an elevated acetylcholine content in the brain stem at this time. A different course of anesthesia by pentobarbital and urethane respectively correlated with this result: Only in the presence of urethane a persistent depression of spontaneous motility was seen, whereas the effectivity of both anesthetics on pinna and corneal reflexes and in respect of pentobarbital also on active movements occurrence declined in the end of the test period.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1971

[The red wave].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Democracy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Correction of deformities with conventional and hexapod frames--comparison of methods].

AIM: Distraction osteogenesis for the correction of deformities with an external fixator is well established. The hexapod principle of robotic technique was invented for the Ilisarov apparatus (e. g. Taylor-Spatial-Frame/TSF). Treatment with conventional frames needs a patient-customised frame mounting. This demanding procedure is markedly reduced using this technology. The aim of this study was to analyse the value of the hexapod principle in external fixation. METHOD: The potential of a frame to correct deformities is limited by its work space. The geometry of a conventional frame is different from the geometry of a hexapod frame, which is the reason for their different work spaces. The work space of the hexapod frame is compared to the work space of a conventional frame. Important parameters for this analyses are minimal and maximal frame heights and the potential of correction. RESULTS: The minimal frame height of hexapod fixators is higher compared to conventional Ilisarov fixators. The standard hexapod frame (TSF 155 mm ring diameter) can correct 23 degrees of angulation, 36 mm of shortening, 71 mm of translation and 43 degrees of rotation without changing the telescope rods. The standard conventional frame (160 mm ring diameter) can correct 90 degrees of angulation, 100 mm of shortening, 25 mm of translation and 12.5 degrees of rotation without remounting of the frame. CONCLUSION: The different work spaces of the different frames result in consequences for their clinical application. The hexapod frame has more power to correct translation and rotational deformities than a conventional frame. Correction of extensive angulation and shortening deformities almost always needs an exchange of telescopic rods. Conventional frames are usually able to correct these deformities with the primary mounting. Because of its increased minimal frame height, the indication for hexapod constructs in child orthopaedics can be limited.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mechanical stability of the cornea after radial keratotomy and photorefractive keratectomy.

BACKGROUND: Corneal refractive surgical procedures alter the shape and structure of the tissue, possibly compromising its mechanical stability. METHODS: One or both eyes of 87 subjects were studied: 26 of these 87 had been treated for myopia by excimer laser ablation and 36 by radial keratotomy; 25 without previous corneal surgery functioned as controls. Corneal topography was evaluated by TMS-1 videophotokeratography before and after 180 degrees tilting of the patient, and the pressure-induced ring-wise changes in spherical equivalent power (axial power) were calculated. Changes in corneal shape also were evaluated by computing the instantaneous radius of curvature. The intraocular pressure was measured before and after tilting by a hand-held applanation tonometer. RESULTS: The mean intraocular pressure increased from 13.9 +/- 2.3 mm Hg before tilting to 30.0 +/- 3.8 mm Hg during tilting. In the control eyes, the mean power of the central cornea during tilting decreased 0.187 +/- 0.045 diopters (D) (p < .05); in the excimer-laser-ablated eyes, 0.038 +/- 0.056 D (not statistically significant); and in those treated with radial keratotomy, 0.523 +/- 0.054 D (p < .01). After radial keratotomy, the cornea steepened outside the clear zone in response to pressure loading, whereas it did not change significantly in the laser-ablated or control eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Pressure-induced deformation of normal and excimer laser-ablated human cornea is small, whereas radially incised corneas have significantly decreased mechanical stability.

Adult↗