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Biomedical subjects

A Babar

Publications and source records attributed to A Babar.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

In vitro release and diffusion studies of promethazine hydrochloride from polymeric dermatological bases using cellulose membrane and hairless mouse skin.

The study was designed to investigate the feasibility of developing a transdermal drug dosage form of promethazine hydrochloride (PMH). The in vitro release and diffusion characteristics of PMH from various dermatological polymeric bases were studied using cellulose membrane and hairless mouse skin as the diffusion barriers. These included polyethylene glycol (PEG), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), cross-linked microcrystalline cellulose, and carboxyl methyl cellulose sodium (Avicel CL-611), and a modified hydrophilic ointment USP. In addition, the effects of several additive ingredients known to enhance the drug release from topical formulations were evaluated. The general rank order for the drug release from these formulations using cellulose membrane was observed to be PEG > HMPC > Avicel CL-611 > hydrophilic ointment base. The inclusion of the additives had little or no effect on the drug diffusion from these bases, except for the hydrophilic ointment formulation containing 15% ethanol, which provided a significant increase in the drug release. However, when these formulations were studied for drug diffusion through the hairless mouse skin, the Avicel CL-611 base containing 15% ethanol exhibited the optimum drug release. The data also revealed that this formulation gave the highest steady-state flux, diffusion, and permeability coefficient values and correlated well with the amount of drug release.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1999

Ketoprofen suppository dosage forms: in vitro release and in vivo absorption studies in rabbits.

In vitro release of ketoprofen from suppository bases and in vivo absorption in rabbits were studied. Suppositories containing 50 mg of ketoprofen were prepared using theobroma oil, esterified (c10-c18) fatty acids, and polyethylene glycol 1000 bases. The displacement values of the drug were determined and found to be of the order of theobroma oil > esterified (c10-c18) fatty acids and polyethylene glycol 1000 bases. The suppository hardness data revealed that the theobroma oil base produced relatively brittle suppositories. Using the USP dissolution method, the release of ketoprofen was observed to be greatest from polyethylene glycol 1000 suppositories. With the dialysis technique, the maximum release of drug was obtained from theobroma oil suppository containing polysorbate 40 at a 6% level. Selected suppository formulations were evaluated for rectal absorption studies in rabbits. The in vivo data showed that the optimum drug absorption took place from the polyethylene glycol 1000 base and theobroma oil formulation containing 6% polysorbate 40.

Absorption↗
PubMed1993

In vitro release of testosterone from suppository bases and in vivo absorption studies in human males.

Diffusion rates of testosterone from various suppository bases with and without surfactants were determined. In a limited study, selected suppository formulations were evaluated for efficiency of rectal absorption of testosterone in three male volunteers ranging in age from 25 to 30 years. Significant reductions in the ratios of urinary metabolites to free testosterone were observed with polyethylene glycol 1000, esterified (C10-C18) fatty acids, and theobroma oil-based samples.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Assessment of triethanolamine salicylate release from the dermatological bases and the commercial products.

Recently, triethanolamine salicylate (TEAS) is frequently being incorporated in several over-the-counter topical analgesic pharmaceutical products. Since the clinical efficacy of such dosage form depends upon the release of the active ingredient at the site of application, the present study was undertaken to study the in vitro release of the (TEAS) from commonly used ointment bases and two most popular commercial products in the U.S. market. Also, the effects of various penetration enhancers, such as, ethanol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol-400, dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO), polysorbate-80 and urea were evaluated. In general, the drug release from the experimental formulations was higher than the commercial products studied. The inclusion of the penetration enhancing ingredients increased the drug release from some of the formulations evaluated. The hydrophilic emulsion base with 10% ethanol exhibited the best in vitro drug release. The apparent viscosity profiles of the formulations showed no definite relationship with the amounts of drug release. However, significant differences in the (TEAS) release from the experimental formulations were observed.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

Determination of the optimum solvent system for extraction of minoxidil from a tablet dosage form.

Several pharmaceutical solvent systems commonly employed by the pharmacist during the extemporaneous dispensing of minoxidil topical solution using Loniten tablets were evaluated. These included ethanol, propylene glycol, water and a commercially available liquid, Vehicle/N. A total of twenty-five (10 mg) Loniten tablets were pulverized in a wedgewood mortar for five minutes. The tablet powder was then dissolved in the experimental solvent system and stirred thoroughly for ten minutes. The liquid dispersion was filtered using the vacuum filter method and the powder residue was then washed twice to obtain a fixed volume of the filtrate. The concentration of minoxidil in each solvent system was determined spectrophotometrically at the wavelength range of 280 to 282 nm depending upon the solvent. The amount of minoxidil extracted in each sample was calculated using the previously constructed standard curve in the respective solvent system. From the data obtained, it was concluded that Vehicle/N is the optimum solvent for such use, and the drug recovery was about 99%. Whereas, the mixture of methanol/propylene glycol/water at a volume ratio of 6:2:2 was observed to be the second best with a drug recovery of 97%. The addition of sodium lauryl sulfate had no effect in enhancing the solubility of drug when used in a solvent with poor recovery profile of drug. Also, the presence of excipients of the tablet dosage form did not interfere with the extraction process of minoxidil.

Minoxidil↗
PubMed1983

Solid dispersions of testosterone with reduced presystemic inactivation.

Dissolution rates of solid dispersions of testosterone in various lipids or polyethylene glycol 6000 with and without surfactants were determined. In a limited study, selected dispersions were evaluated for oral absorption efficiency in a 32-year-old male. Significant reductions in urinary testosterone metabolites to testosterone ratios were observed with a 1:4 weight ratio of testosterone-polyethylene glycol 6000 and a 1:4:0.25 weight ratio of testosterone-cholesteryl stearate-sorbitan monolaurate.

Adult↗