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Biomedical subjects

A Badini

Publications and source records attributed to A Badini.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Rheumatoid arthritis, personality, stress response style, and coping with illness. A preliminary survey.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory chronic disease with an autoimmune pathogenesis and a complex multifactorial etiology. Various factors such as immunogenetic determinants, sex, age, and stress play an important role. The relationship between stress and RA is still unclear and undefined; however, various lines of research are developing in order to evaluate environmental, psychologic, and biologic stressors as predisposing factors. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether stress-related psychologic factors and personality disorders might be involved in the development of RA, by using a psychometric investigation-methodology in a series of patients. Fifteen in- and outpatients underwent a clinical interview and other specific psychometric tests. Macro- and microstressful life-events preceded RA onset in 86% of the cases. Sixty percent of the patients showed a correlation between flare-ups of the disease and appearance of microevents. Forty percent of the patients showed an obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD), 40% showed a borderline personality disorder (BPD), 7% showed a schizoid and a dependent disorder. Only 13% of the patients showed no personality disorders. Among the BPD group we also detected alexithymia. Our results should be considered as preliminary; on the other hand, the high prevalence of major life-events preceding the onset of RA and the presence of personality disorders support the role of the altered stress response system as an important pathogenetic factor and will be a matter of further studies.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Glutaraldehyde-tanned mandril-grown grafts as venous substitutes.

The present study was performed to evaluate the potential of glutaraldehyde-tanned mandril-grown grafts as caval substitutes. Short-term experiments consisted of 30 tubular grafts (35 x 8 mm), either of tanned collagen or polytetrafluoroethylene, that were sutured in the infrarenal inferior vena cava of pigs and removed 1 hour after implantation. There was no significant difference between the extent of the thrombus-lined graft surface in the biologic group and that in the polytetrafluoroethylene group. The amount of inner thrombus on tanned collagen grafts was significantly correlated to platelet activity. Long-term experiments involved 30 similar segments of both materials, which were sutured in the inferior vena cava and harvested 7, 14, 28, 56, and 112 days after operation. The 112-day patency rate of collagen grafts was 67%. The 56-day patency rate of polytetrafluoroethylene grafts was 16%. The difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.01). Collagen grafts were lined by a thin neointima (200 micron) in all but two cases. The neointima was completely endothelialized within 4 weeks from implantation. In conclusion, tanned collagen grafts may represent a suitable material for venous replacement.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1988

Effects of antrectomy and proximal duodenectomy on duodenal G-cell activity and proliferation in the rat.

The role of the antrum and duodenal bulb in gastrin regulation was investigated in 60 white rats, submitted to 1) simple laparotomy, or 2) antrectomy, or 3) antrectomy with additional removal of the duodenal bulb (1.5 cm). Serum gastrin levels 3-4 months after surgery were repeatedly measured with radioimmunoassay in fasted and in freely fed rats. The duodenum was thereafter removed and its proximal third used to assess the number and cytoplasmic granule content of duodenal G-cells. Basal serum gastrin levels were significantly increased by antrectomy, but reduced by additional resection of the duodenal bulb. Antrectomy, with or without proximal duodenectomy, completely abolished the gastrin response to feeding. Duodenal G-cell density was increased following antrectomy, but the phenomenon was not further enhanced by additional removal of the duodenal bulb. No significant changes in the patterns of gastrin granule maturation were found after antrectomy and proximal duodenectomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Influence of the colonic environment on duodenal G-cell activity and proliferation.

To investigate the effects of the colonic environment on duodenal G-cell activity and proliferation, thirty white rats underwent antrectomy with gastroduodenostomy (control group) or antrectomy with interposition of a 15 mm segment of transverse colon between the gastric fundus and the first duodenal portion (experimental group). Three to four months after surgery, serum gastrin determinations were carried out by radioimmunoassay either in fasted or freely fed rats. The duodenum was then removed and its proximal third was used for G-cell count (immuno-peroxidase method) and for assessment of G-cell cytoplasmic granule content (electron microscopy examination). The interposition of a colonic segment between the gastric fundus and the first duodenal portion did not affect either serum gastrin levels or the cytoplasmic granule content of duodenal G-cells, while significantly increasing duodenal G-cell density. These results indicate that the colonic environment enhances duodenal G-cell proliferation, but gastrin release from the enlarged duodenal G-cell mass is not stimulated by the interposition of a colonic segment to replace the antrum, either under fasting or feeding conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Morphological findings and functional considerations on the structural adaptation of colonic grafts on the rat stomach].

Structural changes of colonic patches implanted in rat stomachs for periods of 2 to 12 months were evaluated by standard light and scanning electron microscopy. Colonic patches were sutured on the posterior wall of 116 white rats stomach body according to the following models: 1) mucosal surface to gastric lumen (60 rats); one third of the animals were given chronic doses of histamine subcutaneously; 2) peritoneal surface to gastric lumen (28 rats); 3) leiomuscular layers to gastric lumen by removing of the colonic mucosa (20 rats). Eight rats were used as controls. The colonic mucosa was shown to be highly resistant to acid secretions; only minimal surface erosions were found in animals with gastric hypersecretion following histamine stimulation. In contrast both the peritoneal surface and the colonic leiomuscular components were completely destroyed by contact with the acid juice. Both these structures were subsequently and completely colonised by the gastric mucosa.

Adaptation, Biological↗