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Biomedical subjects

A Baerheim Svendsen

Publications and source records attributed to A Baerheim Svendsen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Antimicrobial activities of some Ocimum species grown in Rwanda.

The essential oils of four Ocimum species grown in Rwanda, i.e. O. canum, O. gratissimum, O. trichodon and O. urticifolium (synonym O. suave) including some chemotypes, were screened for antimicrobial activities. Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. interdigitale were used as test organisms. Different techniques were applied in the screening, such as the biogram and agar overlay techniques and a dilution technique yielding maximum inhibitory dilution (MID) values. Also some growth curves were determined. Although the results obtained by the diffusion techniques were rather different for some of the oil samples, all samples were found to be antimicrobially active.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1988

Screening of some essential oils for their activities on dermatophytes.

Fifty-three essential oils were tested against three frequently occurring dermatophytes (Epidermophyton floccosum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. interdigitale, T. rubrum) by means of an agar dilution technique. The oils were selected at random and not on the basis of a supposed activity. A number of oils showed interesting activities, expressed as maximum inhibitory dilution values, against the dermatophytes used. At the highest dilution tested (1:3,200, vol/vol), one out of six oils was active against T. mentagrophytes var. interdigitale, and one out of three to four oils was active against the other dermatophytes.

Arthrodermataceae↗
PubMed1987

Antimicrobial activities of essential oils. A 1976-1986 literature review on possible applications.

The testing of essential oils for antimicrobial activities is reviewed with respect to various possible applications. Consideration is given to the screening for antimicrobially active oils or constituents, for disinfecting or antiseptic properties and for food conserving properties. The role of essential oils in biological interactions and their potential as therapeutic agents are also discussed.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1986

Screening for antimicrobial activity of some essential oils by the agar overlay technique.

Fifty-three essential oils were tested against five micro-organisms (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans) using the agar overlay technique. The essential oils were randomly selected and not on the basis of a supposed activity. It was found that all oils showed an activity against at least one micro-organism, and that substantial activities against P. aeruginosa were scarce. Combined activities against C. albicans, the Gram-positive bacteria and E. coli, and an activity against C. albicans were most often observed. Secondly a combined activity against C. albicans, B. subtilis and S. aureus was found. The differences between the inhibition zones were too small for a differentiation of the antimicrobial activities of the essential oils. A correlation matrix shows the relationships of the micro-organisms as to the activity patterns of the essential oils. High correlations were found for all the micro-organisms, except for P. aeruginosa.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

Research in the Division of Pharmacognosy.

About 50% of all drugs originate from plants and animals, especially from higher plants. The production of plant drugs often has to overcome several obstacles. The Division of Pharmacognosy of the Center for Bio-Pharmaceutical Sciences is involved in developing biotechnological production methods that may help to avoid such problems. In the research field of plant cell biotechnology there is a close co-operation with Delft. University of Technology. As an example some studies on tissue and suspension cultures of Cinchona species and on the biosynthesis of Cinchona alkaloids are described.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1984

The essential oil of Ducrosia anethifolia (DC.) Boiss. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity.

The essential oil from herb of Ducrosia anethifolia (DC.) Boiss., growing wild in Iran, was investigated by LSC, GLC and GC-MS. The oil consisted mainly of aliphatic compounds. alpha-Pinene, myrcene and limonene were main components of the hydrocarbons present in the oil, while n-decanal, n-dodecanal, n-decanol, trans-2-dodecenal, and cis-chrysanthenyl acetate were the major oxygen-containing constituents. The oil and the main oxygen-containing aliphatic components showed a remarkable antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria, a yeast, and some dermatophytes.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

The African Strychnos species and their alkaloids: a review.

A review of the phytochemistry of African Strychnos species and the biological activities of some species as well as of some individual alkaloids isolated from them is presented. Although pharmacological studies of 48 species showed that muscle-relaxant and/or convulsant properties were generally present, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and hypotensive properties among others have also been demonstrated by some of the species and/or alkaloids.

Africa↗
PubMed1983

Screening of antimicrobial activity of some plants belonging to the Apocynaceae and Loganiaceae.

A review is given of the literature on the antimicrobial activity of various indole alkaloids. The data are briefly discussed. A screening was performed of a series of plants belonging to the indole alkaloid rich plant families Apocynaceae and Loganiaceae, 25 materials representing 14 Apocynaceae species and 54 materials representing 41 Strychnos species were investigated. No activity against the yeast or the fungus, used as test organisms was found. A number of extracts showed activity against the gram-positive test organisms, 4 species showed activity against gram-negative bacteria.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1982

Natural products in therapy. Prospects, goals and means in modern research.

A review is presented which shows the vegetable kingdom as an almost inexhaustible reservoir of potential drugs. Some historical aspects about the use of plants and their constituents in medicine are dealth with. A number of problems connected with the search for new prototype drugs of biological origin is reported as well as modern methods used in this promising research. Some examples are given concerning recent results of investigations of plants used in traditional and modern medicine in China. Special attention is paid to the present role of natural products in therapy: as biologically active compounds as such, as starting materials for (semi)synthetic drugs and, last but not least, as source of inspiration or as models for the synthesis of new drugs with better therapeutic, chemical or physical properties than the original compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Alkaloids of Strychnos dolichothyrsa Gilg ex Onochie et Hepper.

Three alkaloids of the stem bark of Strychnos dolichothyrsa Gilg ex Onochie et Hepper (Loganiaceae) were isolated and identified as caracurine V and its mono- and di-N-oxide by comparison with synthesized compounds. 13C-NMR was used to confirm the structure of the N-oxides. The muscle relaxant activity and the toxicity of the N-oxides were less than those of caracurine V.

Alkaloids↗