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A Baerug

Publications and source records attributed to A Baerug.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Relations between high ponderal index at birth, feeding practices and body mass index in infancy.

OBJECTIVE: We compared feeding practices between infants of high ponderal index (PI) at birth (PI above the 90th percentile) and normal PI at birth (PI between 10th and 90th percentiles), and examined how birth size and infant feeding practices were related to body mass index (BMI) at 12 months. DESIGN: In a cohort of 3000 infants invited to participate in a national Norwegian dietary survey, 1825 participated both at 6 and 12 months of age, and the present study included those born full term and with a PI (weight/length3) at birth > or =10th percentile (n=1441). Data on feeding practices were collected by food-frequency questionnaires, and anthropometrical data were measured by health-care personnel. RESULTS: A lower proportion of infants born with high PI were exclusively breastfed for at least 4 months compared with infants born with normal PI (37 and 47%, respectively; P=0.03). Earlier introduction of solid foods and higher consumption of some foods were also observed among infants of high PI. In a multivariate analysis, adjusted mean BMI (kg/m2) at 12 months was higher for infants of high PI at birth than for infants of normal PI (17.6 and 17.0, respectively; P<0.001) and higher for infants exclusively breastfed <3 months than for infants exclusively breastfed > or =3 months (17.5 and 17.2, respectively; P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: High PI at birth was associated with a shorter duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Furthermore, high PI at birth and short-term exclusive breastfeeding were both associated with higher BMI at 12 months.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Infant feeding practices and associated factors in the first six months of life: the Norwegian infant nutrition survey.

AIM: To describe and evaluate infant feeding practices during the first 6 mo of life in relation to recommendations, and to study infant feeding practices in relation to maternal and infant characteristics. METHODS: Data from 2383 Norwegian infants aged 6 mo were collected by a self-administered semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire measuring feeding practices at 6 mo and feeding practices retrospectively at < or = 5.5 mo of age. RESULTS: Only 1% of the infants had never been breastfed. The proportion of breastfed infants was 96% at 1 mo, 85% at 4 mo and 80% at 6 mo. The proportion of exclusively breastfed infants was 90% at 1 mo, 44% at 4 mo and 7% at 6 mo. Twenty-one percent of the infants were introduced to solid foods before the age of 4 mo. For exclusive breastfeeding at 4 mo, breastfeeding at 6 mo and timely introduction of solid foods (not before 4 mo) significant positive trends were found for maternal age, education and degree of urbanization. Negative associations were found for maternal smoking. Furthermore, exclusive breastfeeding at 4 mo was associated with infant gender and marital status, and the odds of breastfeeding at 6 mo significantly decreased with decreasing infant birthweight. Finally, both the odds of exclusive breastfeeding at 4 mo and of breastfeeding at 6 mo increased with increasing numbers of children. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that a majority of Norwegian infants are fed in accordance with infant feeding recommendations during their first 6mo of life. However, the duration of exclusive breastfeeding is shorter than recommended. Infant feeding practices are significantly associated with maternal and infant characteristics.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

[Recommendations of the Council for Nutrition on infant nutrition. Norwegian National Nutrition Council].

Because of the high frequency of nursing mothers there is concensus that, in general, the diet of Norwegian newborns is good for the first six months of life. However, several publications have questioned the recommendations concerning the babies' diet from the age of six to 12 months with respect to time of weaning and introduction of cow's milk, and intake of energy, fat-soluble vitamins, iron and essential fatty acids. The Norwegian National Nutrition Council has therefore evaluated the available data, and has adjusted some of the recommendations, including the recommendations for energy intake, energy percent from fat and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1991

[Do Norwegian infants get too little iron in the diet?].

Since 1963 iron-fortified porridge has been recommended for Norwegian infants. Since then important changes have taken place with regard to infant nutrition. Since the late 1960s there has been a dramatic increase in the frequency of breast-feeding. Breast-feeding prevents anemia during the first six months. Most parents use iron-fortified porridge, but to a somewhat lesser extent than recommended. Recent studies indicate that the iron status of Norwegian infants is acceptable. The authors discuss iron intake in the light of present knowledge of iron bioavailability. The authors do not find sufficient evidence for changing recommendations to parents on infant diet, nor for more extensive use of iron-fortified porridge or for using infant milk-formula for a longer time.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗