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Biomedical subjects

A Bandi

Publications and source records attributed to A Bandi.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[The dental health of permanently resident schoolchildren in 16 Zurich rural communities in 1992].

Between 1964 and 1992, caries prevalence (DMFT) of permanently resident school children in 16 communities in the Canton of Zurich decreased by 85 to 87%. In the ten- to fourteen-year-olds, the reduction amounted to 25-29% in the period of 1988 to 1992. In 1992, the fourteen-year-olds had only 1.90 DMFT and 2.49 DFS, the average DS being 0.28. The 21% children with the highest caries experience showed only 9 DFS on average. Such a low caries activity does not favour positive cost-benefit results for individual intensive prevention. From 1964 to 1984 caries prevalence in primary teeth of 7-year-old children decreased to the level of 1.81 dmft; the further reduction to 1.55 dmft in 1992 was not significant. Few primary molars were lost prematurely. According to a saliva-test, 59% of the children aged 10 to 12 with high concentrations of mutans streptococci were free of caries; by comparison, 80% of the children with the lowest mutans-test value, were free of caries. In spite of the easy availability and the multiple usages of fluorides (dentifrices with either 250 or 1000-1500 ppm F, domestic salt, gels with 12,500 ppm F and rinsing solutions with 230 ppm F since 1986-88), only 16% of the children showed signs of dental fluorosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Caries occurrence in schoolchildren of the canton of Glarus in 1974 to 1992: the effect of the use of fluoridated salt].

Between 1974 and 1976, fluoridated salt (250 ppm F) was introduced in the Swiss Canton of Glarus and has been used since by the bakeries and most households (domestic salt) in the Canton. Caries prevalence in schoolchildren of this Canton declined from 1974 to 1992 by 80 to 85%. As an example, 12-year-old children had 6.5 DMFT in 1974, but only 1.1 in 1992. In 1992, most DF sites were fissures and pits and most of them filled. Caries prevalence in primary teeth (dmft) decreased by 49 to 66% in the age groups 7, 8 and 9, and most of the reduction had occurred before 1983. In 1974, the average fluoride concentration in urine amounted to 0.36 ppm; between 1979 and 1992 it increased from 0.74 to 0.86 ppm. 46 to 60% of the bread samples contained between 3 to 9 ppm F; this bread had obviously been produced with fluoridated salt. Salt fluoridation contributed to caries decline until up to 1987, while subsequent caries reductions in permanent teeth must have been caused by other factors. In comparison to other Swiss data the caries prevalence of pupils in the Canton of Glarus was low in 1992.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Caries prevalence in Switzerland.

The first Swiss studies of DMFT counts were undertaken in the late 1950s and showed values of 7.7-11.3 for children of 12 years of age and 12.6-18.6 for children of 15 years of age. Although these studies did not use current statistical sampling methods, and so are not directly comparable, the results of the most recent surveys do present a startling contrast. In 1992, DMFT figures had fallen to an average of 1.12 and 2.22 DMFT in 12- and 15-year-olds respectively. Reasons for these sharp declines are discussed, as are the available figures for adults over the same period of time. Predictions are made for DMFT levels for the year 2008 and their likely impact on dental services.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[The caries occurrence in 7- to 12-year-old schoolchildren in Switzerland. The results of a country-wide survey 1987-89].

Between 1987 and 1989, a random sample of school children aged 7 and 12 years in Switzerland was drawn. In the first stage, districts were chosen. Within the districts, 12 children in the two specified age groups were selected. In addition, Switzerland was subdivided into two strata. The children of stratum 2 had consumed fluoridated salt since birth while those of stratum 1 had only done so during the preceding 4 to 5 years but had benefitted since the age of 5 to 7 from dental health education programs using fluorides at school. The oral examinations were carried out according to the methodology of the World Health Organization. Attendance was 94% (1115 children). 47% of the seven-year-old children were caries-free, and the average dmft was 2.20 (95% confidence limits at 1.87 and 2.52). The average dt was 1.06. These children had an average DMFT of 0.40, with 77% having DMFT = 0. At the age of 12, the average DMFT was 2.03, with confidence limits at 1.73 and 2.33. On average, they had 0.45 DT and 38% of them were caries-free (DMFT = 0). There were only minor differences between the 2 strata. These results agreed well with the data from 6 local surveys carried out during 1987 to 1989. When compared with the majority of European countries, caries experience of Swiss children was fairly low.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1991

[Caries prevalence and gingival inflammation in recruits in 1985: the influence of prevention].

A total of 753 conscripts (age 20) examined in 1985 showed on average 8.6 DMF teeth upon clinical examination. When subjected to a standardized examination supplemented by bite-wing radiographs of the buccal segment, 0.5 MT, 4.2 DT and 5.4 FT equivalent to a DMFT of 10.1 were found. Three per cent of the subjects were caries-free (DFT = 0). Caries experience in anterior teeth DFS greater than 0) was diagnosed in 21% of the recruits but 85% of them had suffered dentinal caries or showed fillings on the bite-wing radiographs (DFS greater than 0). Among the total of 18.8 DF sites, 5 were D sites, and 83% of the D sites were dentinal radiolucencies in molars and premolars. An annual increase of 1.55 DFS was estimated for the age interval 15-20 years. Recruits from communities with preventive programs at school had 17.0 DFS (9.1 DMFT) while those from communities lacking organized prevention at school had 21.2 (11.3 DMFT). The recruits from the Canton of Vaud, who had benefited from a program of salt fluoridation, comprising salt for domestic use and for bakeries and restaurants, from 1970 to 1985, showed only 11.6 DFS (7.1 DMFT). There was less gingival bleeding and calculus in recruits from the Canton of Zurich where supervised toothbrushing has been carried out 4 to 6 times a year since 1963/64 at least through school-grades 1-6 than in the remaining recruits.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The prevalence of deciduous dental caries in 16 communities of the Canton of Zurich in 1964 to 1988].

Caries prevalence in 16 communities of the Canton of Zurich decreased in the primary dentition by more than 70% from 1964 to 1988. This corresponds to the decrease in the permanent dentition during the same period. There was no increase of the caries prevalence in primary incisors (nursing bottle caries) detectable in the eighties. The caries prevalence in the city of Zurich was similar to that in the 16 rural communities. In other European countries, caries prevalence was higher in the eighties.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

[Will discolored molar fissures within 4 years become carious more frequently than nondiscolored ones? Observations from 1975 to 1988].

Caries progression was studied in 5242 first molar fissures of children in the Canton of Zurich, Switzerland, in two observation periods, extending from 1975/76 to 1979/80 and from 1983/84 to 1987/88, respectively. DFT averages at age 12 in the children studied were fairly low, being 3.60 in 1975/76 and 2.21 in 1983/84. Fissures of first molars were classified as completely sound (Grade 0), discolored (Grades 1 and 2) or DF. An exploratory cross-sectional analysis revealed that there is a slow and linear increase of the percentage of DF fissures with increasing age. During the period 1975/76 to 1979/80, Grade 0 fissures became DF with a probability of 14 to 22% while 42 to 54% of the dark brown or black discolored fissures (Grade 2) were DF after four years. In the period 1983/84 to 1987/88, these percentages were lower. It was concluded that in this population with low caries activity there is little reason to apply preventive measures to fissures immediately after their eruption or later to those free from any discoloration.

Child↗
PubMed1986

[The Gorlin-Goltz 5th phakomatosis: ophthalmological aspects of a case].

Phakomatoses are congenital diseases characterized by several neoformations affecting tissues originated from ectoderm. The most typical ophthalmic affection is the retinal hamartoma: it can be of angiomatous (Von Hippel-Lindau's Syndrome, Sturge-Weber's Disease) or neuroglioblastic type (Von Recklinghausen's Disease, Bourneville's Disease). In addition to the above-mentioned ones, some include among phakomatoses other diseases such as Louis-Bar's Syndrome, Rendu-Osler's Syndrome and, recently, Gorlin-Goltz's Syndrome. Authors present the case of a young girl, who in addition to the typical G-G's Syndrome osteo-cutaneous features was affected by retinal lesions of hamartomatous type. Photographic documents are displayed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Computers in preventive dentistry.

In the course of the past 20 years, an astonishingly rapid development of modern programmable computers has taken place. Electronic data processing (EDP) has therefore become very cheap. EDP may be used in all types of research; however, this paper deals specifically with applications in preventive cariology and periodontology. The use of punch cards and magnetic tape for storing of dental data is discussed. The principle of error testing of dental caries data is exemplified. A simple program which performs DMF counts is presented and explained. Some principles for longitudinal caries studies are elucidated. The use of large computing centres for processing extramural clinical studies is discussed. Some examples of progress due to utilization of EDP systems are given. The advantages of small computers on one hand and of large computers on the other hand are illustrated using the problem of DMF statistics. Some other applications of EDP are mentioned.

Computers↗
PubMed1977

[Oral health for everyone--an unattainable goal? Analysis of a questionnaire among 1200 Swiss recruits].

The attitude of 1085 Swiss military recruits towards the dentist and dental care, their knowledge of periodontal disease and its prevention, the incidence of smoking and the frequency of eating sweets as well as interest in their own teeth in general was determined by use of a questionnaire. The results showed a positive attitude on the part of the participants towards their own teeth and a definite motivation for good oral health. The oral hygiene habits of only a minority could be classified as sufficient, the knowledge of periodontal disease and its prevention were limited. Smoking and eating sweets were found to be widespread. It can be stated, therfore, that hygiene instruction for improvement of oral health by the dental profession as well as motivational efforts towards general health education at home and at school were unfortunately unsatisfactory.

Adult↗