PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Barash

Publications and source records attributed to A Barash.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Polycystic ovaries in non-obese and obese patients: possible pathophysiological mechanism based on new interpretation of facts and findings.

This study was designed to investigate the basic concentrations of different hormones in obese and non-obese patients with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD). Eight women with PCOD, of whom four were obese with body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) of > 25 and four were non-obese with BMI < 25, volunteered to participate in this study. Serum samples were taken every 20 min over an 8 h period, starting at 2300 h, on day 5 of a spontaneous or gestagen-induced cycle. Basic insulin concentration was found to be significantly higher in the obese women compared with their non-obese counterparts (P < 0.0001). Serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP-I) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were found to be significantly lower (P < 0.001 for both hormones) in the obese compared with the non-obese women. Serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) did not differ between the two groups. The non-obese women had significantly higher serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) (P < 0.001) and of growth hormone (GH) (P < 0.002) than their obese counterparts. Based on these results, two models of the development of PCOD were suggested. In obese women, hyperinsulinaemia causes an excessive production of androgens through the enhancement of IGF-I receptors which, in synergism with LH, causes increased activity of cytochrome P-450c 17a. In non-obese patients, relative increase of GH concentration stimulates excessive ovarian IGF-I production. At this point synergism with LH results in excessive production of androgens by the same mechanism as in obese patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Aspiration of ectopic pregnancy under guidance of vaginal ultrasonography.

This case report describes the treatment of tubal pregnancy by aspiration of the gestational sac content and injection of methotrexate by transvaginal sonographic guidance. The confirmation of the embryo aspiration as indicated by disappearance of the embryo with its heart beat and the resulting 46,XY karyotype, raises the question whether methotrexate injection is necessary.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1992

Endometrial morphology and hormonal profiles in in vitro fertilization patients.

Endometrial biopsy was performed in 27 infertile women participating in the IVF program. Their mean age was 31.8 years, 33% of the women being over 35 years old. The average duration of infertility was 6.9 years. The superovulation protocol consisted of hMG/hCG in 5 cases, of combined GnRH analog/gonadotropin therapy in 20 women, and 2 patients received combined contraceptive pill/gonadotropin treatment. Judging by hormonal profiles, follicular growth rate and number of oocytes retrieved, the response to stimulation was normal. The mean estradiol (E2) levels increased from 132.7 pg/ml on day -5 (SEM = 9.67) to 1272 pg/ml (SEM = 103.7) on the day of hCG administration and to 1813 pg/ml (SEM = 209.6) 1 day later. One day before the hCG application, the mean progesterone and LH levels were 1.34 ng/ml and 8.38 IU/ml, respectively. Only one patient had clinical hyperstimulation syndrome. Ova were harvested in all women, the mean number of oocytes being 7.7 (SEM = 0.83) per patient. In all 27 cases lack of fertilization or faulty ovum cleavage were observed. Thus, an endometrial biopsy (EB) was performed 72 h after oocytes retrieval. The mean estrogen and progesterone levels on the EB day were 610.9 pg/ml (SEM = 78.44) and 45.4 ng/ml (SEM = 7.53), respectively. Histologic examination of the endometrium showed normal secretory endometrium consistent with day 16-17 of spontaneous ovulatory cycle. Two women who received combined contraceptive pills/gonadotropin therapy showed inactive endometrium with subnuclear vacuoles and decidual reaction in the stroma similar to that observed in women on estrogen-progestin birth control medication.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Early pregnancy termination: an improved technique for 'menstrual regulation' with ultrasound assistance.

We performed aspiration of early pregnancy on 100 women requesting termination, using a low caliber angled catheter under sonographic guidance, without analgesia or anesthesia. The sonographic inclusion criteria for the study were: (1) mean gestational sac diameter less than 30 mm, or (2) crown rump length less than 10 mm when an embryo was visualized. The uterine content was successfully evacuated in all cases and none needed an additional curettage. Two women developed mild endometritis which responded to antibiotic therapy. This refinement of this 'menstrual regulation' technique seems to be safer when compared with the reported results of the original technique.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1990

[Ultrasonically-guided aspiration of clear pelvic cysts].

In 33 women aged 13-80, clear pelvic cysts were aspirated. The diameter of the cysts was between 4-11 cm and the aspiration, by either the vaginal or abdominal routes, was ultrasonically guided. In 25 cases (76%) there was no recurrence of a cyst during continuing follow-up. In 8 cases in which a cyst recurred, 4 were operated on and benign tumors were found. Ultrasonically guided aspiration is appropriate treatment for clear pelvic cysts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Can premature luteinization in superovulation protocols be prevented by aspiration of an ill-timed leading follicle?

In 12 patients stimulated for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET), a single leading follicle developed, whereas the other follicles were 6 mm smaller. In 7 patients chosen at random (group A), the leading follicle was aspirated, whereas in the other 5 the leading follicle was allowed to continue growing (group B). Comparison of the hormonal pattern of both groups showed that a premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surge was avoided only in group A, and only in this group a second follicle aspiration for IVF-ET was done, and two pregnancies were achieved. In group B, aspiration for IVF-ET was canceled because of premature LH surge. It is suggested that aspiration of a single leading follicle during ovulation induction may be an efficient method to avoid premature LH surge enabling other follicles to develop up to the preovulatory stage.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Development of human embryos in the presence of a copper intrauterine device.

This study was designed to examine the teratogenic potential of copper releasing intrauterine contraceptive devices on the developing embryo. The tissues and organs of 11 whole embryos between 7 and 12 weeks of gestation were histologically examined for copper absorption after exposure to a copper intrauterine device in utero. The findings were not significantly different when compared with a control group of 7 embryos. No malformation or copper aggregates were observed in the various organs and placentas. The observations in this small sample would suggest that the copper-releasing intrauterine device has no deleterious effects on fetal development. The question remains whether malformations reported in some cases are associated with copper deposits in the tissues or with free copper ions in the fetal circulation. The implications are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Combined diagnostic laparoscopy and follicular aspiration for human in vitro fertilization.

Laparoscopic retrieval of oocytes from stimulated follicles for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) was performed at the time of diagnostic laparoscopy in 36 infertile women. Their mean rates of cleavage, embryo transfer and pregnancy did not differ from those obtained in 86 patients (101 cycles) who underwent ultrasonically guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval following diagnostic laparoscopy performed earlier as a separate procedure. In view of the advantages in terms of reduced patient morbidity, time and cost benefits, and the opportunity for oocyte-sperm compatibility testing in vitro, the combined procedure appears to be the best method in patients scheduled to undergo diagnostic laparoscopy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Tamoxifen treatment in women with failure of clomiphene citrate therapy.

Fourteen pregnancies were achieved with tamoxifen therapy in 12 women who failed to conceive with clomiphene citrate. There were no side-effects and fewer treatment cycles were required than with clomiphene citrate treatment. Ovulation and cervical score with tamoxifen therapy were significantly higher (p less than 0.005).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Simultaneous tubal and intra-uterine pregnancy following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

A case of simultaneous ectopic and intra-uterine pregnancy following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) is described. On day 56 after ET the tubal pregnancy ruptured, with massive hemoperitoneum. Following salpingectomy, the intra-uterine pregnancy continued to term when delivery was carried out by cesarean section owing to non-progress of labor and suspected fetal distress. The pitfalls in diagnosing a simultaneous pregnancy of this kind following IVF-ET are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Modulation of intermediate-filament expression in developing cochlear epithelium.

The present study was designed to characterize the expression and distribution of intermediate filaments (IFs) in the diverse cellular elements of inner-ear epithelium in guinea pig and man. Using immunofluorescence microscopy with a battery of IF-specific monoclonal antibodies, we show that the epithelium of the otocyst expresses cytokeratin (CK) polypeptides typical of simple epithelia. Cells in the early otic ganglion were also positively labelled for cytokeratins, suggesting that they are of otocystic epithelial origin. Cytokeratin distribution was largely homogeneous in the early cochlear duct as the epithelium differentiated, differences in the distribution of cytokeratin between the various cell types became detectable. Characteristically, cochlear hair cells became devoid of cytokeratin labelling, and remained unlabelled with antibodies specific for all other IF classes. The neural tissue of the inner ear was also devoid of cytokeratins and was typically positive for neurofilaments. Vimentin IFs were abundant in the mesenchymal tissues around the membranous labyrinth. Desmin and glial fibrillary acidic protein were not detectable in the cochlea. The apparent absence of all IFs from the cochlear hair cells in both guinea pig and man, as revealed by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy, and the possible significance of their absence for cochlear physiology, are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Female pseudohermaphroditism with adrenal cortical tumor in adulthood.

Data are presented concerning a case of female pseudohermaphroditism of unknown etiology. The child was born with labioscrotal fusion and clitoromegaly. From the age of 5 to the age of 25 there was no clinical evidence of a hormonal abnormality. At the age of 25 the patient presented with masculinization and Cushing's syndrome, and a left adrenal tumor was removed. The patient was restudied at the age of 29, when 21-hydroxylase deficiency was excluded. Other types of congenital adrenal hyperplasia are considered unlikely. The possible relationship between the ambiguous genitalia present at birth and the virilizing tumor diagnosed at the age of 25 is analyzed.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1985

Lymphoid cells and granulocyte progenitors in early human fetal livers: immunological parameters and in vitro cellular interactions.

Human fetal liver (HFL) transplantations have been performed in infants with severe combined immunodeficiency and in patients with aplastic anemia, but the success rates have been extremely low, partly due to insufficient cell doses in grafts from a single donor. In order to explore the possible use of combining several HFL grafts from multiple donors, we studied immunological parameters as well as the in vitro responses of HFL cells from 20 fetuses, at 6 to 11 weeks of gestation, to allogeneic HFL cells and to adult lymphocytes in the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), and the granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells (GM-CFC) assay. HFL cells of 6 to 11 weeks of gestation were found to lack populations of cells bearing surface markers of T- and B-lymphocytes and were capable of proliferating into lymphoid colonies. Virtually no MLR was found to allogeneic HFL cells or to adult lymphocytes [stimulation index (SI) 0.63 to 1.94], whereas adult lymphocytes responded normally to HFL cells (SI 3.9 to 62.0). Coculturing mixtures of allogeneic HFL cells in agar did not lead to suppression of the GM-CFC capacity of each liver. It appears that HFL at 6 to 11 weeks of gestation lack immunocompetent cells capable of provoking positive MLR in response to allogeneic HFL cells or to adult lymphocytes, and also capable of inactivating HFL-derived hematopoietic stem cells. This model may represent an in vitro counterpart for the in vivo pooling of HFL cells from multiple donors performed in order to increase graft cell dosage in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Partial moles: a clinicopathologic study of 25 cases.

This study is based on a review of all moles diagnosed at the Kaplan Hospital in Israel from 1968 to 1977. Histologic reevaluation revealed that of a total of 72 moles, 47 (65%) were complete and 25 (35%) partial. In contrast to complete moles, about one third of the partial moles showed fetal parts. An analysis of the patient records showed smaller uteri, less vaginal bleeding, absence of severe vomiting, lower gonadotropin levels, and normal follow-up in patients with partial moles as compared with those who had complete moles. These results indicate that the partial mole is a distinct clinicopathologic entity that can be suspected by the clinician and confirmed by the pathologist on morphologic grounds, even in the absence of cytogenetic analysis.

Adult↗