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Biomedical subjects

A Bartkowiak

Publications and source records attributed to A Bartkowiak.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Effect of superoxide dismutase on the number of chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes after irradiation of human blood preparations].

The aim of the present study was to determine the radioprotective effects of endo- and exogenous SOD on the number of post-radiation chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes from irradiated samples of whole blood. Blood samples from 17 donors were irradiated with the dose of 1 Gy of neutron radiation or with 2 Gy of gamma radiation. Specific endogenous activity of SOD was assessed in lymphocytes from both irradiated and non-irradiated blood samples. Lymphocytes were then cultured in standard conditions with the application of PHA as a stimulator of cell divisions. The rate of chromosomal aberrations was determined in lymphocytes obtained from these cultures. Preliminary results revealed relatively low SOD activity in lymphocytes from normal (non-irradiated) blood samples, though it could vary among individuals from 1.19 to 8.81 U/mg of protein (in extreme cases the differences are even eight-fold). In further experiments, however, no relationship between the level of endogenous SOD activity and number of postradiation chromosomal aberrations was found (exposure of blood samples to the dose of 1 Gy of neutron high LET radiation.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1984

Aging of the erythrocyte. XIX. Decrease in surface charge density of bovine erythrocytes.

Decrease in electrophoretic mobility of erythrocytes, increase in Km of erythrocyte membrane acetylcholinesterase and decrease in the binding constant of 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonate to erythrocyte membranes demonstrate a decrease in surface charge density of bovine erythrocytes during in vivo aging. This phenomenon seems to be species-specific; it may be due to a diminution of the sialic acid content but may also be contributed by conformational changes of membrane proteins.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1983

Aging of the erythrocyte--XVII. Changes in the properties of superoxide dismutase.

1. An increase in the sensitivity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) to the action of diethyldithio-carbamate and cyanide was observed in red cell fractions of greater age. 2. It suggests that SOD inactivation during erythrocyte aging is not an "all or none" process but involves transition(s) between enzyme forms of different properties. 3. An increase in the ratio of less mobile to the more mobile SOD bands was observed by polyacrylamide-gel-electrophoresis in older erythrocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The crypto-OH radical in the damage of DNA by bleomycin-Fe2+?

1. Effects of various OH scavengers, superoxide dismutase and catalase on the formation of malondialdehyde-like products from DNA by bleomycin-Fe2+ were studied. In no case was a protective effect observed. 2. These results can be interpreted on the basis that a crypto-OH radical mediates the damage to DNA by bleomycin-Fe2+.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1982

Study of the effects of paraquat on the peroxide metabolism enzymes in guinea-pig.

1. Guinea-pigs, which exhibit a similar metabolism to that of man insofar as they are incapable of synthesizing ascorbic acid, were poisoned with Gramoxon containing the LD50 or LD100 of paraquat. 2. A study was made of how the paraquat poisoning affected previously investigated tissue parameters, the superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities and the lipid peroxidation. 3. In accordance with earlier results, the paraquat influences these parameters in different ways in all the tissues examined, depending on its concentration. 4. These parameters comprise primarily affected systems as regards paraquat toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effect of .OH scavengers on radiation damage to the erythrocyte membrane.

Thiourea, and .OH scavenger, reduced the gamma-radiation-induced changes in the rigidity of erythrocyte membrane lipids, the state of membrane proteins, and lipid peroxidation. Several .OH scavengers, but not superoxide dismutase, also inhibited the radiation-induced acceleration of the transport of a hydrophilic non-electrolyte spin label TEMPOL across the erythrocyte membrane. The effects of scavengers were usually biphasic with a maximum of the protective effect. Higher concentrations of the scavengers were less effective, as in the case of radioprotection of erythrocytes to haemolysis studied previously.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

A comparative characterization of cytosolic superoxide dismutase/(SOD) from hog liver and erythrocytes.

1. Conditions of preparation and purification of superoxide dismutase from hog liver and erythrocytes were established. 2. The enzymes from both tissues were compared in respect to electrophoretic mobility, pI value, amino acid composition and spectrophotometric profiles and some differences were observed. 3. Conditions of enzyme dissociation were elaborated and molecular weights of subunits obtained from both kinds of SOD were found to be approx. 16,000. 4. Effect of heat and pH on the enzyme activity were tested. Both enzymes exhibited a relative thermostability.

Amino Acids↗