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Biomedical subjects

A Bartos

Publications and source records attributed to A Bartos.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Guidelines on routine cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Report from an EFNS task force.

A great variety of neurological diseases require investigation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to prove the diagnosis or to rule out relevant differential diagnoses. The objectives were to evaluate the theoretical background and provide guidelines for clinical use in routine CSF analysis including total protein, albumin, immunoglobulins, glucose, lactate, cell count, cytological staining, and investigation of infectious CSF. The methods included a Systematic Medline search for the above-mentioned variables and review of appropriate publications by one or more of the task force members. Grading of evidence and recommendations was based on consensus by all task force members. It is recommended that CSF should be analysed immediately after collection. If storage is needed 12 ml of CSF should be partitioned into three to four sterile tubes. Albumin CSF/serum ratio (Qalb) should be preferred to total protein measurement and normal upper limits should be related to patients' age. Elevated Qalb is a non-specific finding but occurs mainly in bacterial, cryptococcal, and tuberculous meningitis, leptomingeal metastases as well as acute and chronic demyelinating polyneuropathies. Pathological decrease of the CSF/serum glucose ratio or increased lactate concentration indicates bacterial or fungal meningitis or leptomeningeal metastases. Intrathecal immunoglobulin G synthesis is best demonstrated by isoelectric focusing followed by specific staining. Cellular morphology (cytological staining) should be evaluated whenever pleocytosis is found or leptomeningeal metastases or pathological bleeding is suspected. Computed tomography-negative intrathecal bleeding should be investigated by bilirubin detection.

Advisory Committees↗
PubMed2004

Effect of supplementation with methionine and different fat sources on the glutathione redox system of growing chickens.

The effect of supplementary methionine and fats of different saturation levels on the glutathione redox system of growing broiler cockerels was studied. The diet of three groups of chicks was supplemented with corn germ oil, beef tallow and fish oil at the levels of 30 g/kg and 50 g/kg of feed, respectively. The diet of further three groups was supplemented with methionine (5 g/kg of feed) in addition to the different fat sources. Control chicks were fed with a compound feed without methionine and fat supplementation. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulphide (GSSG) content as well as glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver were determined and GSH/GSSG ratio was calculated at day old and then at one and three weeks of age. Our results indicate that supplementary methionine stimulates both the synthesis of the glutathione redox system and glutathione peroxidase activity in growing chickens in the first period of postnatal life, when the risk of lipid peroxidation is high due to feeding unsaturated fats in the diet.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed2004

Paraneoplastic opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome associated with malignant fibrous histiocytoma: neuropathological findings.

Paraneoplastic syndromes related to soft tissue tumors are very uncommon and an association of paraneoplastic diseases with a malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) has not been reported so far. Opsoclonus-myoclonus is a rare paraneoplastic nervous system syndrome, that was well documented in adult patients with neoplasms particularly of the lung and breast. A 77-year-old woman developed typical opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome and rapidly progressed to coma. The opsoclonus and generalized myoclonus continued until the patient's death seven months later. An autopsy examination identified a pleomorphic MFH in the retroperitoneum without a metastatic spread. Microscopic examination of the cerebellum revealed an atrophy of the granular layer along with a marked patchy loss of Purkinje cells, and a loss of neurons in the cerebellar nuclei accompanied by distinct peridental demyelination and astrogliosis. A moderate loss of neurons and neuronal chromatolysis were observed also in the inferior olivary nuclei. However, the omnipause neurons of the nucleus raphe interpositus, that are supposed to be responsible for opsoclonus generation under pathological conditions, as well as ocular brain stem nuclei were all intact. We failed to prove the presence of known antineuronal anti-Yo, anti-Hu or anti-Ri autoantibodies in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the patient. However, the confirmation of the intrathecal IgG synthesis by oligoclonal bands in CSF and the immunohistochemical detection of IgG deposits on membranes of Purkinje cells, neurons of cerebellar granular layer and in cerebellar nuclei in our case support the presumed autoimmune nature of the disease.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration associated with ovarian cancer: anti-Yo immunoreactivity in autoptic cerebellum and ovarian carcinoma].

Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration is a rare disorder caused likely by autoimmune mechanisms in malignant oncologic diseases, and the most common tumors are ovarian, breast, lung cancer, and m. Hodgkin. An immune reaction is supposed to be directed against identical antigens of cerebellum and tumor, and paraneoplastic antibodies called anti-Yo, anti-Hu, anti-Ri, or anti-Tr are often detected in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. The course of paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration as a complication of ovarian cancer is described. The relationship between the malignancy and pathologic changes in cerebellum was confirmed by positive immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence reaction between a patient's anti-Yo-positive serum and her own Purkinje's and ovarian cancer cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

Effects of glucagon and insulin on plasma glucose, triglyceride, and triglyceride-rich lipoprotein concentrations in laying hens fed diets containing different types of fats.

The influence of dietary fat supplementations differing in the ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the effects of glucagon and insulin on plasma glucose, triglyceride (TG), and TG-rich lipoprotein concentrations was investigated in laying hens. Birds were fed either a low-fat control diet (LF) or diets supplemented with 4% pumpkin seed oil (PO; rich in n-6 PUFA) or 4% cod liver oil (CO; rich in n-3 PUFA). After 4 wk feeding of the experimental diets, hens were implanted with wing vein catheters and injected with porcine glucagon (20 microg/kg BW) and porcine insulin (0.5 IU/kg BW), 2 to 5 h after oviposition. Plasma glucose, TG, and TG-rich lipoprotein concentrations were determined from 10 min pre-injection to 60 min post-injection. PO diet resulted in a prolonged plasma glucose response to glucagon administration and altered hypoglycemic response to insulin. However, CO diet did not influence plasma glucose response to either glucagon or insulin administration compared to LF diet. The effects of glucagon and insulin on plasma TG and TG-rich lipoproteins were similar for all diets regardless of the amount or type of fat. The results suggest that feeding dietary fats with high n-6 to n-3 PUFA ratio alters the glucagon and insulin sensitivity of plasma glucose in laying hens. Fats rich in n-3 PUFA seem to have no influence on the plasma glucose response to glucagon and insulin.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Postgraduate education in neurology in Central and Eastern Europe.

The policy of the European co-operation in the new atmosphere of an international solidarity became one of the priorities of the European Federation of Neurological Societies (EFNS). It could be hardly pursued more efficiently in any other field of neurological performance as in education. To review several aspects of neurological practice and education the 'First European Co-operation Neurology Workshop' was held in the castle of Trest', Czech Republic, 13-20 April 2000. Participants from 15 countries (Albania, Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovak Republic and Slovenia), covering a region of 316 million inhabitants and 25 000 neurologists, presented their national postgraduate education systems (besides other topics). We refer data on density of medical doctors and that of neurologists, pre-board certification phase, board examination, continuing medical education (CME), and qualification rewards. Illustrative data were put in the comparative tables. This first meeting has founded the basis for a dynamic future collaboration in order to continue the integration process and an exchange of current information regarding CME amongst central and eastern countries as well as western Europe.

Certification↗
PubMed1983

Influence of free fatty acids and glucose infusion on serum bilirubin and bilirubin binding to albumin: clinical implications.

We studied the risk of a large group of jaundiced neonates for bilirubin encephalopathy by serial assessment of their reserve serum albumin binding capacity as measured by the saturation index test. In 1271 infants with serum bilirubin concentration greater than 10 mg/dl, 12% had a saturation index (SI) of 7% or greater and therefore were clinically at or near risk for bilirubin encephalopathy. Treatment with glucose infusion (1 gm/kg over one hour) was highly effective in lowering the SI (delta = -3.7%. P less than 0.001). In none of the infants did SI rebound to 7% or greater within 24 hours after the infusion. In a detailed study of 19 infants who received glucose, the highly significant (P less than 0.001) fall in SI (delta = -3.7%) was accompanied by an equally significant rise in serum values for insulin (delta = +21.6 mcu/ml) and fall in serum free fatty acids (delta = -0.51 mEq/L). Many factors in the study, such as prematurity, hemolysis, acidosis, and hypoxemia, could have predisposed the infants to the risk of bilirubin encephalopathy. However, the facility by which most (93%) of the infants with high SI, including those who were premature or had evidence of hemolysis or respiratory insufficiency, responded to infusion of glucose indicates that serum free fatty acids may be the principal factor contributing to the high saturation index and therefore an underestimated factor in bilirubin binding to albumin.

Bilirubin↗