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Biomedical subjects

A Basdevant

Publications and source records attributed to A Basdevant.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Relation between adipose tissue distribution and and circulating lipids in obese women].

Adipose tissue distribution was determined in 50 pre--or post--menopausal women by measuring the waist/hip and arm/thigh circumference ratios and the brachial-femoral adipo-muscular ratio. These three ratios correlated with plasma triglycerides levels irrespective of the women's age and degree of obesity. Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were related to age and not to weight or adipose tissue distribution. Compared to pre-menopausal women with the same weight excess, post-menopausal women had a more android type of body fat distribution and higher plasma triglycerides and total cholesterol values. The influences of age and menopause are difficult to separate, since the three distribution ratios are age-related. The correlation between plasma triglycerides and adipose tissue distribution in obese women reflects the metabolic consequences of an abdominal predominance of fat.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Influence of the distribution of body fat on vascular risk].

The metabolic and cardiovascular complications of obesity are dependent upon the distribution of body fat excess: predominantly abdominal or "android" obesity is more pathogenic than "gynoid" obesity which predominates in the lower part of the body. Adipose tissue overloads localized to the abdomen are associated with hypermortality from vascular diseases, even in patients who are not overweight. The metabolic characteristics of abdominal adipocytes, which have increased lipolytic capacity, might account for this situation, as they would facilitate hyperinsulinism, insulin resistance and such-metabolic disturbances as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. Androgens seem to play a key role in the development of obesity morphotypes. These notions have important practical applications: an excess of body fat is not necessarily pathogenic; as regards vascular and metabolic risks, body fat distribution seems to be more important than overweight.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1986

Biological effects of estradiol-17 beta in postmenopausal women: oral versus percutaneous administration.

To determine whether the route of administration or the type of estrogen used in estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) is more important in avoiding effects on hepatic function, 24 postmenopausal women were studied before and at the end of 2 months of oral or percutaneous administration of the same estrogen, estradiol-17 beta (E2). The treatments studied were oral micronized E2, 2 mg/day (9 women); oral E2 valerate, 2 mg/day (5 women), and percutaneous E2, 3 mg/day (10 women). Specific plasma biological and biochemical markers of estrogenic action were evaluated, namely, E2, estrone (E1), LH, FSH, sex steroid binding protein (SBP), renin substrate, antithrombin activity, and lipoproteins (high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein triglycerides). Both oral and percutaneous administration of E2 increased plasma E2 levels up to midfollicular values and decreased LH and FSH levels into the same range. Oral administration of E2 led to substantial increases in plasma E1, SBP, renin substrate, and VLDL levels, whereas AT decreased significantly. Percutaneous administration of E2 led to a physiological plasma E1/E2 ratio and did not induce any change in hepatic proteins. These data suggest that the route of administration of E2 determines the biochemical response to ERT in postmenopausal women. SBP is the most sensitive marker of the liver action of estrogen, and triglycerides also are simple and useful markers for this effect. Percutaneous E2 therapy is an effective method of ERT, and has no measurable effects on hepatic markers of estrogen action.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Contraception in hypertensive women using a vaginal ring delivering estradiol and levonorgestrel.

Contraception with a vaginal ring (CVR) that delivers estradiol and levonorgestrel was used during a mean of 15.6 menstrual cycles in 12 hypertensive women. Blood pressure (BP) was measured 5 times on each visit during 2 pretreatment control cycles; during the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, and from the 9th to 12th cycles of CVR use; and again after a 1-month recovery period. No significant change in BP occurred during CVR use in any of the subjects. Plasma renin substrate and antithrombin III activity did not vary significantly, which suggests the utility of administering natural estradiol via the vagina, thus avoiding the first pass effect that occurs with oral contraceptives. Significant decreases in plasma sex hormone-binding globulin, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides occurred, indicating an androgenic effect of levonorgestrel. We conclude that the CVR is a method of contraception that does not elevate BP in hypertensive women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Metabolism of sex hormones and adipose tissue].

Adipose tissue is a catchment area for storing, converting and releasing the sex hormones. The role of adipose tissue in the general metabolism of endogenous and exogenous steroids deserves to be considered seeing how big the volume of fat is in the human body. The fatty pool of sex steroids seems to be greater than the plasma pool. Hormones which have been stored can be released by adipocytes into the general circulation even if they have been converted while in the adipocytes. Similarly, androgens are changed by adipose tissue into oestrogens by aromatisation and are liberated. This extraglandular production of oestrogens can have clinical and pathological consequences.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1985

[Contraception in the hypertensive woman using a vaginal ring delivering estradiol and norgestrel].

A long term prospective study of contraceptive vaginal rings (CVR) that deliver estradiol and D-Norgestrel was conducted in 12 hypertensive women. Blood pressure was measured five times by an oscillometric automatic device during two control cycles, at the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th and 9th to 12th cycle of CVR use, and again after a one month recovery period. No significant change in blood pressure was noted during CVR usage and this method of contraception appeared safe in hypertensive women. Plasma renin substrate and plasma antithrombin III were non affected by the treatment. These observations are in marked contrast with the dramatic increase and decrease in these proteins that are respectively observed during oral estroprogestative contraception; and confirm the utility of a way of hormone administration that bypass the liver. The significant decrease in sex binding protein, HDL cholesterol, phospholipids and triglycerides that were observed under CVR treatment could be interpreted as reflecting the androgenic potency of D-Norgestrel.

Contraceptive Agents, Female↗
PubMed1977

Hormonal and metabolic effects of somatostatin in diabetic patients submitted to an i.v. arginine infusion.

Hormonal and metabolic effects of a synthetic linear somatostatin were tested in insulin-dependent subjects submitted to an intravenous arginine infusion. Arginine alone induced a rise in plasma growth hormone (HGH) and glucagon (IRG) concentrations but did not affect the spontaneous diurnal decrease of plasma cortisol; blood glucose concentration rose while that of alanine decreased suggesting enhanced gluconeogenesis; concentrations of plasma free fatty acids (FFA) and 3-hydroxybutyrate decreased. Somatostatin, at three different dosages, markedly influenced these patterns: HGH response to arginine was suppressed by the lowest somatostatin dose; IRG response was progressively inhibited by increasing doses of somatostatin but never reached zero; cortisol level was not decreased but slightly increased by somatostatin. Substrate responses to arginine were also modified by somatostatin: alanine disappearance was impaired, this effect being dose-related; plasma FFA and 3-hydroxybutyrate concentrations showed a significant increase rather than decrease, consistent with somatostatin suppression of residual insulin secretion. Tolerance to somatostatin was good and no alteration of hemostasis was observed.

Adult↗