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Biomedical subjects

A Batata

Publications and source records attributed to A Batata.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia with low lymphocyte count.

BACKGROUND: A peripheral blood absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) of greater than 5 x 10(9)/l is considered the required minimum for diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Cases with low ALC (CLL-LLC), less than 5 x 10(9)/l, have not been included in the current staging systems, and would not be suspected of having CLL, or investigated for the disease, especially in the absence of clinical manifestations. On the other hand, the diagnostic value of the differential lymphocyte counts have not been emphasized. METHODS: Cell suspensions from peripheral blood of previously untreated cases of CLL-LLC (n = 12) and typical CLL (n = 189) were analyzed for immunologic evaluation of surface immunoglobulin (SIg), mouse erythrocyte rosettes, CD5, CD19, CD20, CD22, and CD2, as well as cytochemical evaluation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The results in CLL-LLC were compared statistically with typical CLL. RESULTS: The ages of the 12 patients with CLL-LLC ranged from 47 to 84 years. The absolute lymphocyte counts ranged from 1.5 x 10(9)/l to 4.9 x 10(9)/l, and the percentage of lymphocytes in the differential leukocyte counts ranged from 52% to 93%. None of the patients had signs and symptoms of CLL or other conditions that may cause reactive lymphocytosis. CLL-LLC demonstrated similar characteristics to typical CLL, i.e., weak expression of monoclonal SIg, mouse rosette formation, positive CD5, high CD19 and CD20, negative CD22 and TRAP. No statistical differences existed between the immunologic markers or between SIg isotype distribution in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Cases of CLL-LLC constituted 6% of B-CLL and would have been missed if immunologic investigation was not carried out because of the absence of absolute lymphocytosis and clinical manifestations of CLL. Persistent relative lymphocytosis of > or = 50% of the differential leukocyte count in older individuals (older than 50 years of age), is an indication for further investigation of CLL by immunophenotyping of peripheral blood lymphocytes and examination of bone marrow.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Diagnostic value of clonality of surface immunoglobulin light and heavy chains in malignant lymphoproliferative disorders.

Cell suspensions from the peripheral blood of B-chronic lymphoid leukemias (B-CLL, n = 274) and reactive lymphocytosis (RLC, n = 132) and from solid tissue samples of B-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL, n = 466) and reactive lymphadenopathy (RLA, n = 324) were analyzed to evaluate the diagnostic value of clonality of L- and H- chains in B-CLL and B-NHL. Cutoff levels for monoclonal L-chain (mono-L) and monoclonal H-chain (mono-H) were defined. In B-CLL, the association patterns of L- and H- chains were as follows: mono-L/mono-H, 245 cases (89.42%); mono-L/polyclonal H chain (poly-H), 4 (1.46%); polyclonal L chain (poly-L)/mono-H, 2 (0.73%); poly-L/poly-H, 2 (0.73%); undetected (und)-L/mono-H, 6 (2.19%); and und-L/und-H, 15 (5.47%). In B-NHL, the association patterns were mono-L/mono-H, 433 cases (92.92%); mono-L/poly-H, 4 (0.86%); poly-L/mono-H, 8 (1.72%); poly-L/poly-H, 2 (0.43%); und-L/mono-H, 4 (0.86%); and und-L/und-H, 15 (3.22%). Monoclonality of H chains are complementary to L-chain restriction, especially in the cases with poly-L or und-L, and should be considered as a positive criterion in determining surface immunoglobulin (SIg) clonality. Monoclonality of SIg assessed by both L and H chains is both sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of B-CLL and B-NHL, and their differentiation from RLC and RLA, since none of the cases of RLC and RLA showed monoclonal SIg.

Cloning, Molecular↗
PubMed1993

Combined assay of surface immunoglobulin intensity and mouse rosettes. A practical parameter in the differential diagnosis of small lymphocytic and follicular center cell lymphomas.

Cell suspensions from the lymph nodes of small lymphocytic lymphoma (n = 94) and nodular and diffuse follicular center cell lymphomas (n = 330) were analyzed to evaluate the diagnostic significance of the surface immunoglobulin (SIg) intensity and mouse rosette assay (MR). In small lymphocytic lymphoma, SIg was monoclonal in 65 cases (69.15%), with weak fluorescence in 59 (90.77%). It was not detected in 29 cases (30.85%). The MR findings were positive in 68 cases (72.34%) and negative in 26 (27.66%). The combined results of these two assays showed the following: weak SIg/MR+, 35 (37.23%); weak SIg/MR-, 24 (25.53%); strong SIg/MR+, 6 (6.38%); strong SIg/MR-, 0; undetected SIg/MR+, 27 (28.72%); and undetected SIg/MR-, 2 (2.13%). By performing the assays for these two markers and accepting weak SIg/MR+, weak SIg/MR-, strong SIg/MR+, or undetected SIg/MR+ as sufficient for diagnosis, 92 cases (97.87%) were diagnosed. In diffuse follicular center cell lymphomas, SIg was monoclonal in 287 cases (86.97%), with strong fluorescence in 258 (89.9%) and weak fluorescence in 29 (10.1%). It was not detected in 43 cases (13.03%). The MR results were positive in 34 cases (10.3%) and negative in 296 (89.7%). The combined findings of these two assays showed that strong SIg/MR- was present in 244 cases (73.94%). The diagnostic value of the combined assay in the differential diagnosis between small lymphocytic lymphoma and diffuse follicular center cell lymphomas was proved using five statistical parameters.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Immunophenotyping of subtypes of B-chronic (mature) lymphoid leukemia. A study of 242 cases.

BACKGROUND: The French-American-British group's proposal for the classification of chronic lymphoid leukemias is unique at this time. Testing, expanding, and adding to the theory by immunophenotyping will help to additionally characterize this group of diseases. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples from 242 patients with chronic lymphoid leukemias were analyzed for immunologic evaluation of the following subtypes: typical chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 189; CLL with pleomorphic lymphocytes (CLL-pleo), 19; CLL of mixed cell type (CLL/PL), 20; prolymphocytic leukemia (PLL), 22; hairy cell leukemia (HCL), 10; HCL-variant, 1; and splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes, 1. RESULTS: The phenotype of CLL and CLL-pleo was weak surface immunoglobulin (SIg) with positive results of mouse rosettes (MR+), CD5+, and CD22-. Of PLL and HCL, it was strong SIg, MR-, CD5-, and CD22+. By analyzing the four markers and accepting the relevant results of two or more as sufficient for diagnosis, all cases (100%) of CLL, CLL-pleo, PLL, and HCL were diagnosed. CLL/PL showed the phenotype of CLL in 66.67% and of PLL in 33.33% of patients. The frequency of cases with weak fluorescence in decreasing order was CLL, CLL-pleo, CLL/PL, and PLL and HCL. The same sequence applied to the mean percentage of mouse rosette-forming cells and CD5 cells, but the sequence was reversed for CD22 cells. CONCLUSIONS: SIg intensity, MR, CD5, and CD22 constitute the minimum number of immune markers for the differential diagnosis of the subtypes of chronic lymphoid leukemia. The frequency of the four markers among the subtypes suggested that CLL and CLL-pleo have identical phenotypes and that the five subtypes follow a continuous range of B-cell differentiation from early mature (CLL and CLL-pleo) to late mature pre-plasma cell stages (PLL followed by HCL), with CLL/PL of intermediate maturity.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Relationship between chronic lymphocytic leukemia and small lymphocytic lymphoma. A comparative study of membrane phenotypes in 270 cases.

BACKGROUND: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) are considered different tissue expressions of the same disease process, although they are clinically separable nosologic entities. A systematic comparison of the membrane phenotypes in the two entities needs to be investigated. METHODS: Cell suspensions from peripheral blood of 184 patients with CLL, bone marrow from 23 patients with CLL, and lymph nodes from 86 patients with SLL were analyzed to compare the membrane phenotypes. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the three groups in the mean percentages of cells expressing surface immunoglobulin (SIg), CD5, CD19, CD20, and CD2 or in the frequency of cases with weak SIg. Although the mean percentage of mouse rosette-forming cells (MRFC) showed no statistical difference between bone marrow from CLL and lymph nodes from SLL, the mean percentage of MRFC in peripheral blood from CLL (48.02 +/- 18.23%) was twice as high as that in bone marrow from CLL (25.27 +/- 21.51%) and lymph nodes from SLL (20.87 +/- 16.72%) (P less than 0.001). Correlation analysis assessing the association of MRFC and residual T-cells showed a negative coefficient (r), and the r was statistically significant in bone marrow from CLL and lymph nodes from SLL but not in peripheral blood from CLL. The mean CD4/CD8 ratios in descending order were as follows: the ratio in lymph nodes from SLL (4.25) was greater than that in peripheral blood from CLL (1.70), which was greater than that in bone marrow from CLL (0.82); this followed the same pattern as the respective tissue controls. The mean ratios were not statistically different from those of their respective control groups. CONCLUSIONS: The similarity of membrane phenotypes between CLL and SLL provided evidence that the two are different tissue expressions of the same disease. The alterations in CD4/CD8 ratios were related to the type of tissue analyzed and not to the disease process. The difference in MRFC presumably results from the microenvironment or residual T-cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Mouse rosettes and surface immunoglobulin in small lymphocytic lymphoma. Importance in immunophenotyping and differential diagnosis.

Cell suspensions from lymphoid tissue of 82 small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), 8 intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma (ILL), 286 other B-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL), and 248 reactive lymphadenopathy (RLA) cases were analyzed to evaluate the diagnostic significance of mouse-rosette (M-rosette) assay, and surface immunoglobulin clonality (SIg) and level of expression. In SLL, 55 were M-rosette positive (67.07%) and 72 SIg positive (87.8%), with weak fluorescence in 63 and strong fluorescence in 9 cases. Of 10 SIg-negative cases, 9 were M-rosette positive; of 27 M-rosette-negative cases, 26 were SIg positive. Seven of the nine cases with strong fluorescence were M-rosette positive. In other B-NHL, 252 were M-rosette negative (88.11%) and 245 SIg positive (85.66%), with strong fluorescence in 211 and weak fluorescence in 34 cases. Thirty-two of the 34 cases with weak fluorescence were M-rosette negative. Of the RLA cases, 213 were M-rosette negative (85.89%) and 1 SIg positive (0.4%). The study demonstrated the independent expression of M-rosettes and SIg in SLL and their complementary role in diagnosis. It showed that positive results for M-rosettes and weak fluorescence are characteristic of SLL, that M-rosette negativity and strong fluorescence are characteristic of other B-NHL, and that M-rosette negativity and polyclonal SIg are characteristic of RLA. In 26 cases with paired data for CD5, M-rosettes, and SIg, a positive result for M-rosettes was superior to CD5 in differentiating SLL from other B-NHL. Intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma frequently showed weak SIg fluorescence and M-rosette negativity.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1991

The importance of surface immunoglobulin, mouse rosettes, and CD5 in the immunophenotyping of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and reactive lymphocytosis.

Peripheral blood from 167 B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and 119 reactive lymphocytosis (RLC) patients were analyzed to evaluate the immunophenotypic diagnostic value of mouse rosettes (M-rosette), and weak expression of monoclonal surface immunoglobulin (SIg). In B-CLL, 145 cases were M-rosette+ (86.83%), 135 surface immunoglobulin (SIg)+ (80.84%), and 117 M-rosette+ SIg+ (70.06%). Of 32 SIg- cases, 28 were M-rosette+; and of 22 M-rosette-cases, 18 were SIg+. By combining results of the two assays and accepting positivity of either one or both as sufficient for diagnosis, B-CLL was diagnosed in 163 cases (97.60%). CD5 was performed in 49 cases of the 167 with paired data for SIg and M-rosettes. By combining the results of the three assays and accepting positivity of any two or all three as sufficient for diagnosis, all 49 cases (100%) were diagnosed. Correlation analysis showed no significant association between M-rosette, SIg, and CD5 expression. The results demonstrate the independent expression of the three markers, and their complementary role in immunophenotyping B-CLL. In RLC, all 119 cases were T-lineage and SIg-, and 115 were M-rosette-, indicating the role of the two markers in differentiating B-CLL from RLC. Three of the four M-rosette+ T-RLC were subsequently diagnosed as B-CLL, suggesting the necessity of follow-up of such cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Prolymphocytic leukemia: postmortem findings after long-term survival.

A patient had prolymphocytic leukemia and survived for 44 months. A partial remission for more than 11 months and a short complete remission were induced by agents commonly used for the treatment of acute myelocytic leukemia. However, surface markers identified the disease as of B-cell origin.

Antineoplastic Agents↗