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Biomedical subjects

A Battler

Publications and source records attributed to A Battler.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Preferential uptake of a water-soluble phthalocyanine by atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits.

This study is the first demonstration of preferential accumulation of a water soluble phthalocyanine dye in atheromatous plaques in the rabbit. Two groups of rabbits with diet-induced atheromatous plaques were killed 4 and 24 h following intravenous administration of copper phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate. Uptake of the dye by plaque-containing and normal appearing aortae was evaluated macroscopically and quantitatively by extraction of the dye from the tissues. The concentration of the dye in the atheromatous plaques was 2.6 and 1.7 times higher than in the normal vessel wall at 4 and 24 h, respectively. The concentration of the dye in normal appearing aortae in the 2 study groups was similar to that of aortae of control rabbits which were fed a normal diet and exposed to the dye for the same time periods. We conclude that copper phthalocyanine accumulates preferentially in atheromatous plaques in rabbits. These findings provide a basis for the utilization of phthalocyanines for plaque identification and for photodynamic therapy of atherosclerosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Rapid resolution of ST elevation and prediction of clinical outcome in patients undergoing thrombolysis with alteplase (recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator): results of the Israeli Study of Early Intervention in Myocardial Infarction.

Alteplase (recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA)) was infused within four hours of onset of symptoms in 286 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Delayed coronary angiography was performed 72 hours after admission with coronary angioplasty if indicated. Electrocardiographic monitoring was continuous during the first hour of treatment. The sum of the ST segment elevations (sigma ST) was calculated on electrocardiograms recorded at entry and an hour later. ST elevations resolved rapidly within one hour of treatment in 189 patients and persisted in 97 patients. Rapid resolution of ST elevation correlated with angiographic coronary patency as determined by coronary angiography 72 hours after admission. The patients with rapid resolution of sigma ST had significantly smaller infarcts and a better clinical outcome than the patients with persistent ST elevation. sigma ST values at entry and one hour after treatment had no additional independent predictive value. Rapid resolution of ST elevations in patients undergoing thrombolysis with alteplase was associated with a significantly smaller release of creatine kinase, better preservation of left ventricular function, lower morbidity, and less short and long term mortality. Rapid resolution of sigma ST elevation is an efficient indicator of clinical outcome in groups of patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing thrombolysis with alteplase.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Carbon dioxide laser effect on platelet function and surface ultrastructure in vitro.

Platelet aggregation may be an important factor in the feasibility of transcatheter laser angioplasty. The in vitro effects of increasing doses of CO2 laser irradiation on platelet number, function, and surface ultrastructure were examined. Results indicated a progressive dose-response reduction of both platelet number and function following laser irradiation. By scanning electron microscopy the irradiated platelets showed dose-related changes in pseudopods as well as progressive damage of the cell membrane.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The effects of varying lengths and powers of CO2 laser pulses transmitted through an optical fiber on atherosclerotic plaques.

We have studied the changes induced in atherosclerotic arteries by a CO2 laser beam delivered through a silver halide optical fiber. We found that the crater depth and diameter correlate with the total energy delivered and with the mode of delivery. Short-duration high-power pulses caused shallower and narrower craters and less damage to the arterial wall compared to the same energy delivered as low-power pulses of long duration. Thus, high-power pulses for short periods may be an effective and safe procedure for evaporization of atherosclerotic plaques.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1986

Improvement by oral metoprolol of exercise-induced ischemic dysfunction in patients with coronary heart disease.

The effect of metoprolol on global left ventricular function during exercise was analyzed with nuclear ventriculography in 17 patients with ischemic heart disease. All had stable angina pectoris and ST-segment depression of more than 0.1 mV during treadmill exercise when not taking metoprolol. Each patient was stressed with supine bicycle exercise to the same load on a maintenance dose of metoprolol (100 mg X 2/day) and on a second occasion without the drug, the two being separated by 7 days. The mean heart rate and systolic blood pressure were significantly reduced both at rest and exercise with metoprolol. There was no significant difference of rest left ventricular ejection fraction with or without metoprolol. At exercise, however, every patient showed improvement of left ventricular function, the average left ventricular ejection fraction increasing by 14% (+/- 6) relative to the same exercise without metoprolol (p less than 0.001). We conclude that chronic metoprolol treatment in patients with ischemic heart disease can ameliorate left ventricular dysfunction induced by exercise and may thereby reduce myocardial ischemia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

Two-dimensional echocardiographic analysis of proximal left main coronary artery in humans.

The left main coronary artery (LMCA) was evaluated in 100 consecutive patients (88 men and 12 women; mean age 63 years) with anginal syndrome, all in New York Heart Association classes II and III. Each patient underwent two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) from the parasternal short-axis and apical four-chamber views. Coronary angiography was subsequently performed within 24 hours. The LMCA was directly measured by 2DE and coronary angiography at its widest point. Each echocardiogram was blindly evaluated for LMCA aneurysm or obstruction. Eight patients (8%) were excluded because of inadequate visualization of the LMCA. The mean 2DE measurement was 4.4 +/- 0.9 mm vs 4.2 +/- 0.8 mm on coronary angiography (r = 0.86). Atherosclerotic aneurysms of the LMCA were correctly diagnosed in two patients by 2DE. LMCA stenosis (greater than 50%) was found in 11 patients on coronary angiography; three of them had ostial or proximal lesions, three had middle lesions, and five had distal lesions. 2DE correctly diagnosed all three ostial lesions, two of three middle lesions, but only two of five distal lesions. In four patients, dense echoes in the LMCA caused a false positive diagnosis. It was concluded that: the LMCA can be visualized and correctly measured by 2DE; atherosclerotic aneurysms can be detected; and 2DE is yet unable to screen patients for LMCA lesions; however, 2DE is a promising method for evaluating proximal and especially ostial LMCA stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Hemodynamic effects of nifedipine in hypertension in the presence of elevated angiotensin-II and beta-adrenergic blockade.

The hemodynamic effects of the slow release form of a calcium channel blocker, nifedipine retard, in essential hypertension patients after angiotensin II (AII) infusion were studied using nuclear ventriculography. Sublingual nifedipine lowered blood pressure that had been acutely raised by an infusion of AII to its baseline level. When used for 4 weeks, nifedipine retard maintained its blood-pressure-lowering effects without a change in heart rate, both when used alone and when used in addition to beta-adrenergic blockers. In the patients with untreated essential hypertension, nifedipine counteracted the lowering effect of AII on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), which was 67.5 +/- 8.9% at recumbency, 61.2 +/- 6.6% (+/- SD) during AII infusion, and 72.1 +/- 7.5% 30 minutes after sublingual nifedipine. These acute effects seem to result from a marked reduction in total peripheral resistance (TPR) and are accompanied by a rise in cardiac index (CI). The TPR, in dynes/sec/cm-5, was 1376.9 +/- 275.8 at recumbency, 2000.7 +/- 358 during AII infusion, and 1228.6 +/- 289 30 minutes after sublingual nifedipine. The corresponding figures for CI in liters/M2 BSA, were 4.02 +/- 0.77, 3.03 +/- 0.64, and 4.32 +/- 0.79. In patients receiving beta-blocker therapy (propranolol or atenolol) with inadequate control of blood pressure, similar results were obtained in LVEF (69.7 +/- 8.87% at recumbency, 63.7 +/- 11.9% during AII infusion, and 72.2 +/- 6.05% 30 minutes after sublingual nifedipine). The initial TPR was much higher than that of untreated essential hypertensive patients. Nevertheless, the increase obtained during AII infusion was counteracted by sublingual nifedipine. CI was decreased by AII.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1985

Fate of nonobstructive aneurysmatic coronary artery disease: angiographic and clinical follow-up report.

The incidence of coronary aneurysmatic dilatation without coronary stenosis is rare, and the clinical course of such an entity is unknown. We present five adult patients, four men and one woman, with such an anatomic finding. The age range was 44 to 60 years. In four patients the aneurysmatic dilatations involved multiple coronary sites. The clinical course in all five patients was suggestive of coronary insufficiency. Despite no obstructive disease, two of the patients developed transient ischemic ECG changes accompanied by chest pain, and another two patients demonstrated ischemic exercise nuclear ventriculography response. In time, all five patients developed acute myocardial infarction and recatheterization revealed complete occlusion of a previously nonstenosed aneurysmatic vessel. More information is needed in order to guide therapy. However, prevention of thrombus formation and close follow-up is highly recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Range of normal values for left and right ventricular ejection fraction at rest and during exercise assessed by radionuclide angiocardiography.

In order to reach a world-wide consensus on the normal range of left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) ejection fraction (EF) at rest and during exercise, pooled data of 1200 normal subjects from 28 leading centres in the field of nuclear cardiology (68% of those contacted) was analysed. Weighted mean normal values for LVEF at rest were 62.3 +/- 6.1% (ISD) with a lower limit of normal of 50% and for RVEF 52.3 +/- 6.2% (N = 365) with a lower limit of normal of 40%. During exercise, LVEF increased in 475 subjects by +8.0 EF% (range 3-15%), a normal increase being accepted to be greater than or equal to 5% over a normal resting value for both LVEF and RVEF. Subgroup analysis of results at rest revealed no significant differences regarding selection of normal subjects (based on normal catheterization findings vs. normal volunteers with low probability of disease), age or sex. During exercise, however, significantly larger increases in LVEF measurements were noted for men versus women (P less than 0.01), for normal volunteers versus subjects selected as 'normals' based on a normal coronary angiogram (P less than 0.001) and for younger versus older subjects (P less than 0.001). Data on reproducibility and variability showed that radionuclide angiocardiography can be considered to be a reliable method today. No consensus was found for measurements of regional LV function or wall motion mainly because of differences in methodology used. These normal values may serve as general guidelines for future applications of these techniques but factors which may influence the normal range as defined and discussed in this study should be recognized.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of hyperparathyroidism on cardiac function in patients with end-stage renal disease.

Heart studies were carried out in 7 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who underwent parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidism. The studies, which included echocardiography and equilibrium radionuclide angiography (ERNA), were performed prior to parathyroidectomy and 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months following it, on a nondialytic day. Heart rate decreased from 89.3 +/- 1.3 to 81.4 +/- 1.5 min-1 (p less than 0.001) following parathyroidectomy and returned to the initial level at 3- and 6-month examination. Cardiac output decreased from 3170 +/- 68 to 2943 +/- 57 ml/min (p less than 0.01) following parathyroidectomy and returned to basal level on 3 and 6-month determinations. End-diastolic dimension (EDD), end-systolic dimension (ESD), septal and posterior wall thickness and shortening fraction (SF) as measured by echocardiography were normal prior to parathyroidectomy and remained unchanged following it. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes measured by ERNA did not change following parathyroidectomy. This study suggests that hyperparathyroidism has little effect on cardiac performance and, except for a short-lived decrease in heart rate and cardiac output, parathyroidectomy does not affect cardiac performance when performed in patients with preoperatively normal cardiac output.

Adult↗