Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Baumann.
After repeated administration of 2,4-dichlorophenol the aminopeptidases AAP and LAP, and the alkaline phosphatase in various organs were influenced. The treatment causes stimulatory or inhibitory activities. Also with histological and histochemical methods damages could be detected.
The results of a follow-up of 13 out of 21 patients treated for fractures of the edentulous maxilla are presented. They were treated alternatively with craniofacial suspension wiring and with miniplate osteosynthesis. Better results are achieved by miniplate osteosynthesis. Depending on the general condition of the patient, a treatment scheme can be recommended.
The nursing literature is replete with articles and books that describe nursing conceptual frameworks and models and encourage their use in clinical, education, and research activities. Although much information exists on the content of nursing models, less has been written about how a model is to be chosen and the process that may facilitate the choice of a model. This article reviews potential benefits and limitations of nursing models and conceptual frameworks and describes a three-phase process for selecting a model for psychiatric nursing practice.
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Toxic effects of drugs and their metabolism may be caused by covalent binding to cellular macromolecules. After oral application of the tritiated beta-blocker B 24/76 to male Wistar rats only the liver showed a significant irreversible binding to tissue proteins, with 11% of the radioactivity distributed in this organ. A covalent binding to collagen was found in liver, lung and muscle. The highest part was measured in the lung with 7% of the radioactivity distributed in this organ.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive motor neuron disease. It is characterized by feelings of uncertainty and predictable crises points where difficult decisions have to be made by both the client and the family. These crises points involve progressive and sometimes sudden impairment in mobility, communication, nutrition and ultimately, respiratory function. This paper will use case analysis to illustrate the decisions that have to be made at each crisis point. A model will be presented that will focus on the nursing assessment of decision making behaviours of families experiencing the crisis of a debilitating illness. Emphasis will be on educating the client and family to anticipate what to expect and what decision making strategies they can use. In addition, recent literature will be presented that reviews nursing interventions designed to improve the quality of life of the client and family during these difficult time periods.
Between 1982 and 1988 275 patients with obstruction of the small intestine were operated. The etiology of obstruction: adhesions 48%, malignancies 26%, strangulated hernias 8%. The duration of obstruction symptoms was 3.7 days prior to hospital admission and 1.9 days from admission to operation. 78% of patients had a history of previous laparotomies, in 73% there were serious accompanying diseases. Strangulation obstruction was found in 18% of patients. Operative procedures included small bowel resection in 30%, creation of stomata in 14%, and deviation anastomoses in 12%. Postoperative complications were mainly pulmonary. Median time of hospitalization was 24 days, hospital mortality amounted to 7.6%. A low mortality was encountered especially in strangulation obstruction and after resections. Reduction of surgery induced morbidity is primarily made responsible for the good results.
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) represent a heterogeneous group of excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the insect brain. We have characterized the D alpha 2 gene of Drosophila melanogaster, a new member of the nAChR gene family. The protein coding region is interrupted by six introns. The positions of three of these introns are shared with all other nAChR genes. The deduced D alpha 2 protein shows the structural features of ligand-binding nAChR alpha-subunits. Cytogenetically, the D alpha 2 gene maps at position 96A of the 3rd chromosome, close to the ALS gene which also encodes an alpha-like nAChR subunit. D alpha 2 transcripts are predominantly expressed in late embryos and in fly heads.
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We have used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers against the S5 and S6 regions of voltage-gated K+ channels to identify 8 different specific amplification products using poly(A)+ RNA isolated from islets of Langerhans from obese hyperglycemic (ob/ob) mice and from the two insulin-producing cell lines HIT T15 and RINm5F. Sequence analysis suggests that they derive from mRNAs coding for a family of voltage-gated K+ channels; 5 of these have been recently identified in mammalian brain and 3 are novel. These hybridize in classes to different mRNAs which distribute differently to a number of tissues and cell lines including insulin-producing cells.
The enzyme activity of phosphoglucomutase (PGM) has been investigated in red cell haemolysates from 142 individuals and compared to the sub-type as determined by isoelectric focusing. The 10 phenotypes showed significant differences in PGM-activity which indicates that there is a correlation between the level of activity and the isolelectric point of homozygotes. No indication of silent alleles or alleles with reduced activity was found in this collective.
The charts of 73 children (31 girls, 42 boys) aged 4 months to 14 years (mean 4.5 years) with acute mastoiditis managed during a 16-year period were reviewed. Of the patients 36% were less than 24 months old. Retro-auricular swelling was described in 63 of the 73 children, tenderness in 59, erythema in 58, and protrusion of the auricle in 45. A pathological tympanic membrane was noted in 33% of the patients and fever in only 29%. Apart from local inflammation, the most frequent complaints and symptoms were otalgia (n = 42), recent upper respiratory tract infections (n = 22), and fever alone (n = 22). A subperiosteal abscess was found in 36 patients, and CNS involvement in 5. Nearly half of the patients (48%) were on antibiotic therapy at admission. The isolation rates in bacterial cultures from subperiosteal aspirated (81%) and from mastoid mucosa (68%) were considerably higher than from blood cultures (14%) and were not influenced by previously administered antibiotics. Pneumococci (9/32) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (6/32) were the agents most often isolated. The incidence of the bacteria isolated from patients pre-treated with antibiotics differed from the incidence in patients not previously treated. In 24 patients (33%) the lesion healed with antibiotic therapy without mastoid surgery. Myringotomy and the insertion of a ventilation tube is indicated initially, if acute otitis media with effusion is found. In the absence of a subperiosteal abscess and of CNS involvement, a 48-hour trial of intravenous antibiotic therapy, directed also against staphylococci, is justified before mastoid surgery is considered.
The purpose of this paper is to present a multidisciplinary model for use with elderly families in crisis and decision making. The application of systems in family assessment theory is outlined in order to understand the complexities of family assessment and decision making. A schematic family assessment and decision-making model is discussed. These models identify what the problem is, the family structure and supports, and possible interventions and evaluation. Ineffective processing strategies such as regression and premature closure are reviewed, and strategies for effective decision making are outlined.
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Cloning and sequencing of cDNAs isolated from a rat cortex cDNA library reveals that a gene family encodes several highly homologous K+ channel forming (RCK) proteins. Functional characterization of the channels expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes following microinjection of in vitro transcribed RCK-specific RNAs shows that each of the RCK proteins forms K+ channels that differ greatly in both their functional and pharmacological properties. This suggests that the molecular basis for the diversity of voltage-gated K+ channels in mammalian brain is based, at least partly, on the expression of several RCK proteins by a family of genes and their assembly to homooligomeric K+ channels with different functional properties.
Urodynamic and morphologic findings in 82 patients with stress urinary incontinence were analysed. All patients had undergone vaginal respectively abdominal hysterectomy with anterior colporrhaphy respectively urethrovesicopexy. Whereas in the abdominal group the urodynamic and morphologic findings improved significantly, this did not occur in the vaginal group (Colp. ant. group). Although a comparison of the postoperatively continent patients with the recurrent incontinence patients showed no significant difference, it seemed, however, that the recurrent incontinence patients frequently showed lower urodynamic and morphologic values.