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A Beby-Defaux

Publications and source records attributed to A Beby-Defaux.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Concomitant disseminated herpes simplex virus type 2 infection and varicella zoster virus primoinfection in a pregnant woman.

We report the first case of a HSV and VZV coinfection during pregnancy. VZV infection was diagnosed by a seroconversion and PCR. HSV 2 infection was diagnosed by cell culture. The mother and the newborn received no treatment and did not develop any complication. This case report highlights the need for increased surveillance of pregnant women with herpes virus infections.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Human papillomavirus infection of the cervix uteri in women attending a Health Examination Center of the French social security.

Since human papillomavirus (HPV) is the central causal factor in cervical cancer, understanding the epidemiology of this infection constitutes an important step towards development of strategies for prevention. Six hundred and fifty seven cervical samples were tested for HPV using PCR with consensus primers (MY09/MY11), by genotyping (restriction and sequencing analyses) and by cervical cytology, from women who attended a Health Examination Center of the French social security. Women with no cervical smear as well as women with cytological abnormalities within the last 3 years were recruited. HPV DNA was detected in 7.3% of the women (5.3% for high-risk, 2.4% for low-risk, and 0.5% for unknown risk types) including 6 (0.9%) mixed infections. Fifteen different genotypes were detected, of which genotypes 16 (22.2%), 58 (13.0%), 18 (11.1%), 30 (9.2%), and 33 (9.2%) were the most prevalent. In age group 17-25 years, we found the highest frequencies for both any (22.1%) and high-risk (14.7%) HPV, and prevalences gradually decreased with age. 5.2% of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, 0.3% of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and 1.2% of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance were found. The frequencies of high risk and all HPV types were significantly higher in squamous intraepithelial lesions than in those with normal and reactive/reparative changes (P < 0.0001). The prevalence of high-risk HPV in the atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance/low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion group (28.6%) was significantly higher than in the normal and reactive/reparative changes groups (3.4%) (P < 0.0001). HPV detection was associated with younger age, single marital and non-pregnant status (P < 0.0001), premenopausal status (P = 0.0004), and contraception (P = 0.0008). Marital status (OR 4.5; 95% CI = 2.3-9.0) and tobacco consumption (OR 3.0; 95% CI = 1.6-5.7) were predictive independent factors of HPV infection. The French system of Health Examination Centers might be of interest for following women regularly, especially those with a low socioeconomic status.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Maternal Herpes simplex virus type 2 encephalitis following Cesarean section.

Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) encephalitis is rare especially during pregnancy. In immunocompetent patients, HSV-2 meningitis (contrary to HSV-1 meningitis) is usually mild, without encephalitis. We report a rare case of maternal HSV-2 encephalitis following Cesarean section. The woman had no symptomatic genital lesion, and the infant was not infected. The route of meningeal infection (neuronal or hematogenous) is discussed.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed2001

Fatal adenovirus type 7b infection in a child with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.

Adenovirus type 7 causes worldwide respiratory tract infections, mainly in children. Severe systemic infections can occur, especially in immunocompromised patients and in patients with underlying chronic diseases. This report describes the first case of a fatal disseminated adenovirus type 7 infection in a child with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome, a rare autosomal recessive disorder due to a primary enzymatic defect in cholesterol metabolism. Nasopharyngeal secretions and autopsy specimens including liver, lung, pleural fluid, and rectum were collected for viral culture. Adenovirus serotype 7 strains were obtained from all anatomic sites, except the liver. All these clinical isolates were analyzed using restriction endonuclease digestion of the genome, identifying them as genome type 7b, a virulent type. In this case, the fatal evolution could have been accelerated by the presence of an immunodeficiency although immunodeficiency is not included in the definition of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome. The frequent recurrent banal infections in Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome could be prevented by a cholesterol supplementation regimen. Finally, this report emphasizes the need for efficient therapy for disseminated adenovirus infections, especially for virulent genome types.

Adenovirus Infections, Human↗
PubMed2000

Immunogens of interest for the diagnosis of Campylobacter jejuni infections.

In order to identify the C. jejuni immunogens of interest for the diagnosis of Campylobacter infections, we analyzed the humoral response of 153 patients by using complement fixation (CF) and western blot assays. A first group of 79 sera was from C. jejuni infected patients suffering from enteritis (n=16), Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) (n=40) and arthritis (n=23). A second group of 49 sera was from healthy blood donors and a third group consisted of 25 sera from children under 4 years old. Using the CF test, 88.6% of the C. jejuni infected patients were seropositive versus 28.5% of the healthy blood donors and none of the children. The Western blot assay allowed detection of antibodies directed against seven selected antigens ranging from 14 to 67 kDa. Three of these antigens with a molecular size of 29, 37 and 43 kDa were detected by 86.0%, 84.8% and 91.1% of the C. jejuni infected patients, respectively. These three antigens seem to be good candidates for the development of assays suitable for direct and indirect diagnosis of Campylobacter infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Nucleotide sequence analysis of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I pX and LTR regions from patients with sicca syndrome.

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is associated with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM). Other inflammatory disorders may occur in HTLV-I-infected patients, such as sicca syndrome resembling Sjögren's syndrome. The sicca syndrome may be the unique clinical manifestation of HTLV-I infection, but is associated frequently with TSP/HAM, which could suggest that sicca syndrome might be an early event in disease progression to TSP/HAM in some cases. We investigated whether peculiar pX and LTR mutations could be related to sicca syndrome, or might argue the existence of clinical progression to TSP/HAM. pX, especially pX(I), pX(II), and pX(IV) ORFs corresponding to Tax cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes, and LTR regions from Caribbean patients who have sicca syndrome with or without TSP/HAM, ATL patients, and healthy carriers were sequenced. The sequences were aligned and compared with ATK-1 prototype and published sequences. LTR sequences exhibited 1.5-2.4% of divergence with ATK-1. pX-sequenced regions showed a lower homology within p12(I) encoding sequences. Only few mutations were found within functionally important regions, but were not associated specifically with the clinical status. Finally, no mutations that could be related to sicca syndrome or argue the existence of clinical progression to TSP/HAM were found. It would be of interest to study the clinical evolution of HTLV-I-sicca syndrome in patients and to determine HTLV-I sequences from peripheral blood and salivary glands at different stages.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Rhinovirus infections in hospitalized children: a 3-year study].

BACKGROUND: Rhinoviruses (RH) are responsible for acute respiratory illnesses, mainly in the upper respiratory tract. POPULATION AND METHODS: 3,152 children aged under 16 years, admitted to the Paediatrics department of the University Hospital Centre of Poitiers from January 1, 1993 to December 31, 1995 with ear, nose and throat (ENT) and/or respiratory symptoms were systematically investigated. One hundred and forty-five RH strains were isolated from nasopharyngeal secretions of 87 boys and 58 girls (mean age: 20.3 months). Among these, 92 (63.4%) were less than 1 year of age. Bacteriological investigations were done for 29 patients when a concomitant bacterial infection was suspected. RESULTS: RH infection rate was maximum before 1 year of age (median age: 6.5 months) and decreased with age. RH were isolated throughout the 3 years, with a first peak from February to April, and a second one in autumn. The main symptoms were sibilants (27.6%) and cough (24.1%). Sibilants were more frequently associated in children under 12 months of age (P = 0.01). Sometimes, ophthalmologic or digestive symptoms were present. Three children with respiratory distress were transferred to the reanimation ward. In addition, a RH strain was isolated from a child who died of sudden infant death. Thirty-four children (23.4%) were co-infected by one or several viruses; the most frequently detected were the respiratory syncytial virus (41.2%) and the adenoviruses (35.3%). Twenty-nine children were infected by two viruses and five by three. Associated bacterial infections were diagnosed in 23 children, especially conjunctivitis due to Haemophilus influenzae (21.7%). Among these children, eight had a multiple viral infection. CONCLUSION: RH have a limited pathogenicity but can be associated with serious illnesses among infants and children.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nosocomial infections due to rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus in pediatric wards: a 2-year study].

Rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections represent up to 30% of the totality of nosocomial infections in paediatric wards. We studied the importance of these infections in the paediatric wards of the University Hospital Center of Poitiers, France, from October 1996 to September 1998. We defined as nosocomial an infection acquired after 3 days of hospitalization for rotavirus and after 7 days for RSV. The 274 cases of children presenting rotavirus gastroenteritis or RSV infection within this period were studied. Rotavirus was detected in stools by using an agglutination test and RSV was diagnosed in nasopharyngeal aspirations by direct examination with an immunofluorescence assay (IFA), cell culture and serotyping with IFA. We noted 50 rotavirus and 224 RSV infections, with a first epidemic of RSV subgroup B (49.5%) and a second epidemic of subgroup A (44.9%). 19 (38%) were rotavirus nosocomial infections and 5 (2.2%) were RSV nosocomial infections. The majority of the nosocomial infections occurred before the age of one year and particularly before the age of 6 months (42.2% for rotavirus, 60% for RSV). In comparison to community-acquired infections, children with rotavirus nosocomial infections were younger (9 months versus 12.5 months) which was the opposite for RSV nosocomial infections (10.8 months versus 6.5 months). The sex-ratio of children with community-acquired infections was 2.1 that was not reported in nosocomial infections. The length of stay in hospital was always longer in nosocomial infections (11.7 days versus 3.6 days for rotavirus; 38.8 days versus 4.8 days for RSV). Diarrhea (p = 0.007) and vomiting (p = 0.013) for enteric infections and wheezing (p = 0.02) for respiratory infections were more often observed in community-acquired infections. This study emphasizes the frequency and the consequences of rotavirus and RSV nosocomial infections in paediatric wards and the importance of the hygienic rules to prevent these infections.

Age Factors↗