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Biomedical subjects

A Bernau

Publications and source records attributed to A Bernau.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Immunomodulatory properties of rumalon, a glycosaminoglycan peptide complex, in patients with osteoarthritis: activation of T helper cell type 2 cytokines and antigen-specific IgG4 antigen-specific igG4 antibodies.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the immunogenic properties of the glycosaminoglycan peptide complex Rumalon, an aqueous extract of bovine cartilage and bone marrow frequently used in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: Sera from 31 patients with OA who had received several series of Rumalon injections (Group 1, n = 17: before therapy and after one injection series; Group 2, n = 6: after 2-3 injection series; Group 3, n = 4: after 4-8 injection series; Group 4, n = 4: after 9-18 injection series) were tested by ELISA for antibodies against Rumalon and its components as well as by a double sandwich ELISA for type 1 [interferon-gamma, interleukin 2 (IL-2)] and type 2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13). RESULTS: After the first injection series antibodies to Rumalon were induced in 7 of the 17 patients that were all negative before therapy. The antibodies were preferentially of the IgG4 type. IgG4 levels were increased during therapy (ELISA optical density x 1000 in Group 1: 73.9 +/- 209.5; Group 4: 1354.5 +/- 307.6), and in Group 4 all patients had developed these antibodies. Upon analysis of cytokine levels, there was a significant increase in IL-5 (Group 1 before therapy 407.4 +/- 257.1 pg/ml, Groups 3 and 4: 1409.4 +/- 963.1 pg/ml; p < 0.001) and to a lesser extent of IL-10 during therapy (Group 1 before therapy 950.2 +/- 867.8 pg/ml, Groups 3 and 4: 2817.8 +/- 3127.3 pg/ml; p < 0.05), while type 1 cytokines were not affected. CONCLUSION: Rumalon appears to have immunomodulatory properties and preferentially stimulates IgG4 antibodies via the activation of type 2 cytokines in vivo. Whether these phenomena can be correlated with the postulated therapeutic effect of Rumalon in patients with OA remains to be seen, but pain relief via release of endorphins by Th2 cells could be one explanation.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1994

[The problem of radiation exposure during radiography of the entire spine].

The stimulus for this investigation concerning radiation exposure during radiography of the spine, particularly in children with scoliosis, is the fact that there are no data in the literature. In 16 series of measurements we studied the effect of grids, kilovoltage, focus-film distance and film-screen systems using dosimeters. The use of grids led to a 5-7 times increase in radiation dose compared with exposures without grids. For this reason grids are not recommended for serial examinations in cases of scoliosis. It is easier to evaluate the spine on a single large film than on several small films and radiation dose is also halved. Therefore, the use of large single films is recommended, particularly for children and adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Intra-articular sodium hyaluronate in osteoarthritis of the knee: a multicenter, double-blind study.

The efficacy and the safety of intra-articular injections of sodium hyaluronate were studied in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee in a randomized multicenter double-blind study. Two hundred and nine patients received five injections of either 25 mg hyaluronate/2.5 ml (verum, N = 102) or 0.25 mg hyaluronate/2.5 ml (control, N = 107) at weekly intervals. Seven patients in each group were excluded from the protocol-correct efficacy analysis. The Lequesne Index, the first main criterion, showed a significant superiority of the verum-treated patients after the third injection up to the final follow-up examination 9 weeks after the last injection (MANOVA, P < 0.025). The consumption of paracetamol was defined as a complementary main criterion that did not reveal significant differences between the treatment groups. Most of the individual secondary endpoints demonstrated a much better response to the active treatment without reaching the significance level in the intergroup comparisons for the single time-points. Side-effects were confined to local reactions of minor severity and short duration in four patients (six events) of the verum group and in five patients of the control group. Clinical chemistry and hematology remained essentially unchanged.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1981

[Tuebingen positioning device for defilé-X-rays of the patella (author's transl)].

A positioning device for Defilé-X-rays of the patella ist presented which, in contrast to other constructions (separately suspended above the X-ray table), is mounted at the end of the X-ray table and permits fast, exact work. The X-ray technique corresponds with the procedure of Merchant. Details of this practical X-ray technique are discussed in comparison to the other developments presented recently.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

[Low frequency electro-stimulation and ultrasonic therapy (author's transl)].

In a prospective study 1200 sequences of low frequency electrostimulation and ultrasonic therapy have been examined. The basics of the type of currents applied, the therapy scheme and the indication routine are presented. These parameters were kept constant in the course of the 2 years' study. For the treatment 8 different apparatuses were available. The actual current shapes of the generators were measured, the influence of constant-current and constant-voltage output circuits were tested and were discussed in relation to the electrode types.--Advantages and disadvantages of disposable-type, sponge-type, lead-type and vacuum-type electrodes are reported. Treatments were carried out with the current types DF and CP of the diadynamic currents alone, as combined therapy together with ultrasound, as mere ultrasound treatment, as ultrastimulation current, as iontophoresis and galvanic current. The results are compared with comparable examinations by other authors and they are discussed with respect to different influencing factors.

Burns, Chemical↗
PubMed1978

[Problems of the little people (author's transl)].

The problems of the dwarfs are often not very well known. After reexamining 30 patients, we distributed an extensive questionaire to many other patients. The answers of 136 patients--examinated by punchcards--have given the information about the reason of their limited growth, their troubles and to questions of their familiar and professional integration. As expected most of the patients were those with achondroplasia. In babyhood the most important problem is the diagnosis. On the other hand the adult dwarfs come to the doctor for their complaints. The mostly seen complaints are backpains. It will be reported over postoperative reversible cases of paraplegia in case of narrow lumbar spinal canal and kyphosis. The most frequently carried on opperations are corrective osteotomies of the lower leg. The long-term results were mostly satisfactory. Apart from the medical problems were the social ones which were often as prominent. The patients are frequently lonely and in their profession overtaxed.

Achondroplasia↗
PubMed1977

[Long-term results of operation for congenital muscular torticollis (author's transl)].

Tenotomie of the sternocleidomastoid muscle seems to be an operation without complications. This impression is confirmed by the majority of reports, most of which however deal with early follow-up results. The basis of this paper is a follow-up of 100 patients, 37 years postoperatively and a review of the literature. There were several avoidable inter- and postoperative complications. Unadequate treatment was one reason for poor results. Good alternative to the cast postoperatively were offered by physiotherapy or the Schanz cotton wool bandage. The use of a cast was followed in a few cases by reversible plexus damage and decubitus ulcers of the head. On the whole the longterm results after torticollis operations were good. Scars and slight recurrence did not disturb the patients seriously. There was no correlation between age at operation and asymmetry of the face.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Long-term results following Lambrinudi arthrodesis.

Long-term results following triple arthrodesis by the method of Lambrinudi are reported in fifty feet. The average follow-up was eighteen years. Failures were encountered in only eight feet, and good results were obtained in twenty. Most of the patients had post-poliomyelitic paralysis. This operation allowed most braced patients to be free of the orthosis. All but three patients were able to work, and those unable to do so had other severe disabilities because of poliomyelitis. An extensive review of the literature is provided, showing the indications and contraindications for the procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Pictorial documentation in orthopaedics (author's transl)].

The experiences of 60 years of pictorial documentation in an Orthopaedic Clinic are presented. Whereas the evaluation of patient's progress by photographs dominated formerly, nowadays the main interest is frequently centered on scientific illustrations and documentation for teaching, lectures and publications. The paper describes, how these two demands can be met economically by effective utilization of the technical possibilities.

Documentation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ambulatory diagnosis and therapy of gonarthrosis].

AIM OF STUDY: To develop recommendations for appropriate diagnostic procedures and conservative treatment of knee osteoarthritis in outpatients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Following a consensus conference and expert reviews basic recommendations were developed. RESULTS: While standardized radiographic assessment is mandatory, MRI investigation should be restricted to problems apart from osteoarthritis. Indications for physical therapy, bracing and pharmaco-treatment depend on the severity of the disease. Guidelines for intraarticular injections are presented. CONCLUSION: Effective treatment of knee osteoarthritis must be based on available recommendations and guidelines.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Knee instability and varus malangulation - Simultaneous cruciate ligament reconstruction and osteotomy (Indication, planning and operative technique, results)].

AIM: Osteochondral lesions and osteoarthritis in young patients are often caused by chronic knee instability in varus malangulated knees. We present the indication, planning of the osteotomy as well as the operative technique and the results of our patients with simultaneous osteotomy and cruciate ligament reconstruction. MATERIALS/METHODS: From 4/96 until 12/00 58 patients ( 33 years) received simultaneous osteotomy (r = 57 correcting valgus, r = 1 varus malalignement) and cruciate ligament plasty (e = 49 ACL, n = 7 PCL, n = 2 ACL & PCL which routinely was performed in the arthroscopic technique after completion of the osteotomy (closed-wedge technique). Average correction angle of the osteotomy was 7 (4 - 10) degrees with a mean malalignement of 5 (0 - 10) degrees. 13 patients underwent additional cartilage surgery (osteochondral autograft transplantation, autologous chondrocyte transplantation, microfracturing), 2 patients received an implanted Collagen Meniscus (CMI) at the same time. RESULTS: Preoperatively the Lysholm score was 66 (35 - 81) points and increased to 81 (74 - 95), 87 (79 - 99) and 93 (88 - 99) points at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery, respectively. Subjectively all patients reported an improvement of preoperative swelling, pain and instability. Additional cartilage surgery or meniscus implantation did not significantly alter the clinical score values. Complications were noted in 4 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Unstable varus malangulated knees can be sufficiently treated by osteotomy and cruciate ligament plasty at the same time, suggesting that unicompartimental decompression and treatment of instability is a causal and cost effective therapy delaying the progression of osteoarthritis and minimising clinical symptoms. Performing both operations in one procedure facilitates early rehabilitation and return of these patients to the activities of daily living and sports.

Adolescent↗