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Biomedical subjects

A Bhatt

Publications and source records attributed to A Bhatt.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Survival of heart failure patients with preserved versus impaired systolic function: the prognostic implication of blood pressure.

The impact of impaired versus preserved systolic function on survival of patients with heart failure was investigated in 78 patients with decompensated heart failure. Patients were classified on the basis of their left ventricular systolic performance, as defined by fractional shortening (FS); group I (n = 56) had impaired systolic function (FS less than 24%) and group II (n = 22) had preserved systolic function (FS greater than or equal to 24%). Mean ejection fraction was 15 +/- 5% and 40 +/- 13% for these groups, respectively. By the end of 48 months, 36 patients in group I had died compared with only 22 patients in group II (p less than 0.05). Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower in the deceased patients compared with the survivors in group I (p less than 0.05). There was a trend for an opposite direction in the relationship of blood pressure to mortality in group II. We conclude that the prognosis of patients with heart failure and preserved systolic function is more favorable than that of those with impaired function, and that blood pressure may have a differential prognostic meaning in the two groups.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1989

Transcultural patterns of somatization in primary care: a preliminary report.

The ethnic origins of patients consulting their general practitioners (GP) were determined using criteria of country of birth, religion and preferred language. Three samples with preferred languages of English, Gujarati or Urdu were compared on a standardized interview with regard to symptom complaint, perception and attribution and also completed the General Health Questionnaire and Illness Behaviour Questionnaire. Their GPs provided diagnoses and ratings of physical and mental disorders. Compared with the English group, the Gujaratis had fewer psychosocial complaints, perceived less anxiety and were more likely to attribute their complaints to physical causes. They had higher scores on the Hypochondriasis and Denial scales. Their GPs rated them as less likely to have relevant physical or mental disorders. The Urdu group was intermediate in most respects. Thus somatization was commoner in these two Asian groups with different ethnic origins. However, overall levels of somatization appear to be high even in the English group. No significant differences were found between groups for complaints or ratings of depression, and the differences found in the somatization process appear to be related only to anxiety.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Effect of hexacarbons on selected lipids in developing rat brain and peripheral nerves.

The effects of neurotoxic solvents, i.e. 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD), 2,5-hexanediol (2,5-HDiol) and the non-neurotoxic solvent, 2,4-hexanedione (2,4-HD) (500 mg/kg body wt./day, i.p.), have been studied on the lipid composition of brain and sciatic nerves in weanling rats. Five-day-old rats were administered a solvent daily for 21 days. Clinical signs of peripheral neuropathy appeared in 2,5-HD and 2,5-HDiol treated groups. Absolute weights of brain, spleen, thymus significantly decreased with 2,5-HD. Cholesterol content in whole brain homogenates and myelin was significantly reduced with 2,5-HD and 2,5-HDiol treatment. There was also a significant reduction in ubiquinone content of brain with 2,5-HD and 2,5-HDiol treatment. On exposure to neurotoxic chemicals to weanling rats, significant alteration in lipid profile was observed in the brain, which may be one of the key factors in the development of neuropathy.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Pattern of psychiatric morbidity and alcohol dependence in patients with alcoholic liver disease.

Fifty-six male patients with alcoholic liver disease were evaluated for the presence and severity of alcohol dependence and psychiatric illness using a severity of alcohol dependence questionnaire and research diagnostic criteria, respectively. Forty-three (76.7%) patients were found to be dependent; 26 (46.4%) moderately, and 17 (30.3%) severely. Patients with alcoholic hepatitis were significantly (P less than 0.05) more often found to be dependent than patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. Psychiatric morbidity was observed in 42 (75%) of the patients with alcoholic liver disease and 15 (26.7%) of the nonalcoholic cirrhotics. The difference was highly significant (P less than 0.01). The commonest disorders in patients with alcoholic liver disease were neuroses (33.0%), followed by affective disorders (26.8%). It was, however, not possible to ascertain whether psychiatric disorders antedated alcoholism or were secondary to it. Detection of moderate to severe dependence on alcohol and psychiatric morbidity in about three-fourths of the patients with alcoholic liver disease warrants an increased awareness and a multidisciplinary approach for the management of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid): genotoxicity, biodistribution, and subchronic and chronic toxicity in rats.

Ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid), EDITEMPA, was tested for oral toxicity in rats in a 13-wk feeding study (at doses of 0, 5, 50 and 500 mg/kg/day) and in a chronic feeding study (at doses of 0, 4, 20 and 100 mg/kg/day). EDITEMPA was also tested for genotoxicity in the Ames, mouse lymphoma, unscheduled DNA synthesis, and in vivo cytogenetics assays. Additionally, absorption, distribution and excretion (ADE) studies were conducted following administration of [14C]EDITEMPA to rats by gavage and via the feed and drinking-water. The principal finding in the 13-wk study was mild anaemia in male and female rats given 500 mg/kg/day, which was resolved during a 9-wk recovery period. In the chronic study, there was no substantial evidence of any treatment-related toxicity or carcinogenicity. Differences in survival of control and treated females (noted late in the study) were interpreted to represent unusually good survival in controls; however, a compound-related increase in mortality could not be completely ruled out. Tests for genotoxicity were all negative. ADE studies revealed that [14C]EDITEMPA was poorly absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract and that most of the absorbed dose was rapidly excreted by the kidneys or sequestered in bone. The gavage route of administration led to four- to six-fold increases in bone EDITEMPA levels as compared with administration in the feed and drinking-water, respectively. These results suggest that no significant toxicity or carcinogenicity concerns arise from EDITEMPA when it is administered in the feed at the concentrations tested. Reversible anaemia was seen only at very high doses and was interpreted as being secondary to EDITEMPA's ability to interfere with iron absorption and utilization. Localization of EDITEMPA in bone indicated a high degree of affinity for mineralizing tissues, consistent with its chelating properties. There was, however, no effect on bone resorption or mineralization. A comparison of human drinking-water levels of 3500 ppm EDITEMPA (based on a no-effect level of 100 mg/kg/day in rats) with the estimated worst-case exposure in humans of 0.01 ppm suggested a safety margin greater than 1 x 10(5).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

d,1-alpha-Tocopheryl acetate (vitamin E): a long term toxicity and carcinogenicity study in rats.

Rats were fed vitamin E at various dietary concentrations providing dosages of up to 2000 mg/kg bodyweight/day for 104 weeks. Vitamin K supplementation suppressed the induced hypoprothrombinaemia. Growth rate and survival were unaltered by treatment, and, apart from a trend towards fewer mammary tumours in females, the tumour profile was unaffected. Changes in serum liver enzyme activity and in the appearance of the hepatic macrophages suggested a limited hepatic response to vitamin E overload.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Rubella maculopathy.

Three patients with known history of congenital rubella and sudden decrease of vision are presented. Two of the 3 patients had previous eye examinations which showed typical rubella (salt and pepper) retinopathy. All 3 showed macular lesions associated with presumed subretinal neovascularisation.

Child↗