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Biomedical subjects

A Bhola

Publications and source records attributed to A Bhola.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Analysis of voiding disorders in patients with cerebrovascular accidents.

Urodynamic evaluation was undertaken in 33 patients (15 males and 18 females, age range 48-90 years) with voiding problems following cerebrovascular accidents. In the majority of these patients (26) cystometry revealed involuntary contractions of the bladder. The critical volume for involuntary bladder contractions was approximately 200 mL. The majority of patients with cerebral cortex and/or internal capsule lesions had uninhibited relaxation of the sphincter during involuntary bladder contractions, while all of the patients with lesions only in the basal ganglia or thalamus had normal sphincter function. The remaining 7 patients had poor bladder contractions. Correlation of bladder dysfunction with the area of brain injury was not conclusive, but was suggestive of directions to be taken in future research.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Urinary incontinence in female Parkinson disease patients. Pitfalls of diagnosis.

There are many causes of urinary incontinence in the female, with stress incontinence reported as the most common. However, a high incidence of detrusor instability has been described in incontinent patients with Parkinson disease. To assess this further, urodynamic studies were performed on 17 female patients with Parkinson disease and complaints of urinary dysfunction. Detrusor instability was demonstrated in the majority of the patients (70.6%). Of the 8 patients with specific symptoms of stress incontinence, 2 were found to have a stable bladder, 3 had a hyporeflexic bladder, and 3 had detrusor instability. Surgical therapy may not be appropriate for all patients in this group. Since it is difficult to determine the causation of urinary incontinence on the basis of symptoms alone, urodynamic studies can be helpful in the evaluation of incontinent patients. This is especially important in female patients with Parkinson disease who may have detrusor instability alone or in addition to anatomic stress incontinence.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Urinary incontinence after transurethral resection of prostate in myasthenia gravis patients.

An unusually high incidence of urinary incontinence following transurethral resection of the prostate has been reported in patients with myasthenia gravis who were operated on for prostatism. It has been documented that this may be due to the vulnerability of the external sphincter to the electrothermal changes during transurethral resection of the prostate. In the case we studied, neuropathic changes were observed in the external sphincter; thus transvesical prostatectomy was performed instead, and no compromise of continence occurred.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Urinary incontinence during orgasm.

Urinary incontinence occurring during orgasm in women is an infrequently volunteered symptom. We studied 3 such patients to understand the mechanism behind such leakage. Urodynamic studies were performed prior to and during orgasm. It was found that during orgasm, there was involuntary bladder contraction with simultaneous urethral relaxation, resulting in leakage. Similar studies performed prior to orgasm did not reveal any involuntary bladder contraction. We believe that incontinence during orgasm is multifactorial: the most important causes are sphincter incompetence, neuropathic hyperreflexic bladder, and non-neuropathic idiopathic bladder instability.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Diagnosis and grading of outflow obstruction.

Urodynamic data from 66 male patients with obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia were analyzed. Criteria for grading the severity of outflow obstruction based on uroflowmetry, post void residual urine, maximum bladder contraction (Pmax), and pressure during voiding (Pvoid) were developed. In selected cases, voiding cystourethrography also may be needed. These criteria help determine the need for prostatectomy. Unnecessary prostatectomies can then be avoided and can lead to significant reduction in mortality, morbidity, and health care expenses.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Relative usefulness of physical examination, urodynamics and roentgenography in the diagnosis of urinary stress incontinence.

Stress urinary incontinence is a common problem in women. Accurate diagnosis of this condition is necessary for successful surgical treatment. Currently, many tests are popular. The relative value of these tests, in terms of usefulness, accuracy and practicality, has not been tested in the past. With this aim, we have compared the results from three of the most commonly performed tests, namely physical examination, urodynamics and roentgenography. It is our opinion that physical examination in the standing position is the simplest and most accurate test. Cystometrogram is important, although the yield is small. We do not advise the routine use of urethral pressure profile. For accurate determination of anatomic deformity, roentgenographic examination is the most accurate test.

Adult↗