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Biomedical subjects

A Bolin

Publications and source records attributed to A Bolin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Brånemark System and ITI Dental Implant System for treatment of mandibular edentulism. A comparative randomized study: 3-year follow-up.

In a randomized prospective study, two implant systems were compared in forty consecutive patients treated for mandibular edentulism. The patients were randomly allotted for treatment by the Brånemark two-stage (submerged) system (BRS), or the ITI(R) one-stage (non-submerged) system. In all, 102 Brånemark selftapping implants and 106 ITI hollow screw implants were installed and all patients were treated with full bridges. Biological and prosthodontic parameters, complications, success rates, clinical efficacy, patient satisfaction and resource requirements were evaluated. No differences were found in plaque accumulation, bleeding or complications during the follow-up period. The BRS group showed deeper periimplant sulcus, less attached mucosa, larger bridge-mucosa distance and higher Periotest values. Prosthetic complications were not related to the configuration of the implant systems. After 3 years, the cumulative success rates were 97.9% and 96.8% for the Brånemark and ITI systems, respectively (difference not statistically significant). One implant in the BRS group had failed to osseointegrate at the time of abutment connection, and another was lost after 2 years due to progressive breakdown of bone. In the ITI group, three implants showed progressive bone loss after 1-3 years associated with periimplant infection. All 40 bridges were intact and remained stable throughout the study. There was general patient satisfaction, but about half the Brånemark patients reported difficulty in coping with the surgical procedures. Treatment time was similar for the two systems. It is concluded that both systems meet the current requirements for dental implant systems in the treatment of mandibular edentulism.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1999

Implant treatment without bone grafting in severely resorbed edentulous maxillae.

PURPOSE: This article describes the surgical technique for implant treatment in severely resorbed edentulous maxillae without any alveolar reconstruction before or combined with implant placement. PATIENTS AND MATERIAL: Fifteen patients with severely resorbed edentulous maxillae were treated with osseointegrated implants and fixed dental prostheses. All patients were initially considered to be treated with bone grafting because of a lack of sufficient bone volume for conventional treatment. Preoperative radiographic examinations showed that the height of the alveolar crest was on average 7.4 mm at the 4-mm-width level (Classes V to VI). RESULTS: By fenestration of the maxillary sinus and uncovering the nasal floor, the maxillary bone could be visualized and used maximally for installation of implants. By angulation of the implants and permitting two to five uncovered fixture threads on the palatal aspect, implants of optimal length could be installed. Eighty-six implants were placed (four to six implants in every patient). One implant was lost during the observation time (range, 36 to 54 months; mean, 45 months). All patients had stable fixed prostheses at the end of the observation time. CONCLUSION: This cost-effective surgical technique may be considered as an alternative to more resource-demanding techniques such as bone grafting in patients with severely resorbed edentulous maxillae. However, further prospective comparative studies are necessary for full evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Dental survey at school with the purpose to select children with no actual need of dental treatment.

The purpose of this study was to develop an examination method to select children without from children with need of dental treatment. Furthermore the objective was that these examinations could be performed as a survey at school, without utilizing an expensive and fully equipped dental clinic but still maintain the certainty for the individual not to be at increased risk to be declared false caries-free, in comparison with ordinary examination at a dental clinic. The material comprised 88 children 10-13 years old. The children were subject to a survey-examination at school and a few weeks later at a dental clinic by the same examiner. Initially the children were examined at school by two examiners in order to measure the inter-examiner variability. The results showed that 2 of the 88 examined children (2.3%) were judged false healthy at school examination with respect to caries. The inter-examiner variability in diagnosing caries was greater than the intra-examiner variability between survey at school and examination at the dental clinic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Children's dental health in Europe.

"Children's Dental Health in Europe" is a collaborative study of a total of 3200 children, comprising samples of 5- and 12-year-old children from eight EU-countries [Belgium, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Scotland (United Kingdom), Spain and Sweden] who have undergone clinical examination by well calibrated dentists. This study analyses the influence of a number of sociodemographic factors on the dental health of the actual children. Father's and/or mother's occupational status was used to determine the social class of the family, after construction of a family-social class variable, SocFam, and the accuracy of this variable was tested. In 15 of the 16 samples, both treatment provided and unmet treatment need were higher in children from low social class. The treatment need in children from low social class was significantly greater in the Belgium, German, Greek and Italian 5-year-old samples. The differences in both treatment need and treatment already received for children from high respectively low social class were significant in the Scottish and Spanish 12-year-old samples. Taking into account the total material of 1600 children in each age-group, risk indicators for caries, identified by logistic and multiple regression analyses, were social class of the family, the mother's smoking habits, and in the 5-year-olds the number of siblings.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Radiographic evaluation of mandibular posterior implant sites: correlation between panoramic and tomographic determinations.

The purpose of the present study was to compare bone height determinations of implant sites by different radiographic techniques. Available bone height was measured in regions posterior to the mental foramen on panoramic radiographs, and on tomographs where the faciolingual dimension was at least 5mm. The bone heights were recorded at 401 edentulous and dentate sites in 100 patients. The overall mean bone height (m +/- SD) was 11.25 +/- 3.29 mm on panoramic radiographs and 8.81 +/- 3.38 mm on tomographs. The correlation between the two radiographic techniques ranged from 0.36 to 0.91 if the material was stratified according to factors such as height of available bone, age, gender and the presence of teeth. Gender was significantly correlated to panoramic and tomographic measurements in all regions. However, the precision of predicted tomographic measurements by using a linear regression model was not significantly increased by including gender as an explanatory variable. For evaluation of available bone height in mandibular regions posterior to the mental foramen, tomography is recommended for all prospective implant sites.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Children's dental health in Europe: caries experience of 5- and 12-year-old children from eight EU countries.

Data on the current dental health of 5- and 12-year-old children from eight European countries has been collected by calibrated examiners. In each country a random sample of 200 children in each age group was drawn from urban primary and secondary state schools, a total of 3200 subjects. The children were examined under standardized conditions by one or two examiners in each country, all of whom had been trained and calibrated to the Swedish reference examiner and had achieved good inter- and intra-examiner consistency. Mean dmft DMFT were 1.38/1.93 in Gent (Belgium), 2.99/2.58 in Berlin (Germany), 1.62/2.35 in Athens (Greece), 2.09/1.85 in Cork (Ireland), 2.81/2.24 in Sassari (Italy), 3.06/1-82 in Dundee (Scotland), 0.85/1.75 in Valencia (Spain), and 0.80/1.94 in Stockholm (Sweden). The major components in the dmft/DMFT indices varied. Among the 5-year-old children the m component predominated in the Scottish sample, the d and f components in Berlin and the d component in Sassari. Among the 12-year-olds, a high F component influenced the index in Berlin and Stockholm, whereas in Athens and Sassari the D component was relatively high. The frequency of fissure sealants was most frequent in the Scottish. Irish and Belgian samples of 12-year-olds.

Child↗
PubMed1996

Children's dental health in Europe. Caries treatment need in 5- and 12-year-old children from eight EU countries.

The purpose of this study was to develop methods to evaluate treatment needs (TNEED) and previous treatment (TDONE) in different populations. In the collaborative study, 'Children's Dental Health in Europe', the methods were used in connection with a clinical examination to document and compare treatment needs in 200 5-year-olds and 200 12-year-olds from each of the 8 participating countries. The study comprised a total of 3200 children from Belgium, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Scotland, Spain, and Sweden. The method for calculating TNEED was validated by estimation of required time to meet the treatment needs (TNTIME). The calculated TNEED shows a clear relationship with the evaluated TNTIME, and the method is applicable to different population subgroups. The results revealed large differences in both TNEED and TDONE among the different countries and between the two age groups.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Panoramic and tomographic dimensional determinations for maxillary osseointegrated implants. Comparison of the morphologic information potential of two and three dimensional radiographic systems.

Accurate information on available bone volume is of decisive importance in dental implantology. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the correlation between maxillary alveolar bone height measured on panoramic radiographs and on tomographic radiographs with a facio-lingual dimension of at least 5 mm. The alveolar bone height was recorded in 683 edentulous and dentate regions in 100 patients. The mean bone height (m +/- SD) in panoramic radiography for all regions was 11.90 +/- 3.60 mm and in tomography 8.20 +/- 4.33 mm. The differences in bone height recorded by the two techniques were greater in edentulous regions than in dentate regions, and the differences increased in regions where the available bone height was small. For preimplant assessment of available bone height in the maxilla, tomography is recommended for all regions intended for implants.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Children's dental health in Europe. Clinical calibration of dental examiners in eight EU countries.

An epidemiological investigation has been initiated from Sweden with the aim to study and compare dental health, dental treatment needs and attitudes to dental care in two well-defined age-groups, children of 5 and 12 years of age, in eight EU countries. To ensure comparability of the clinical registrations, data collection was preceded by clinical calibrations of the examiners from the participating countries. All the examiners participated in a workshop with initial calibration exercises. Agreement, expressed as sensitivity, was measured between the Swedish examiner acting as the reference examiner and each of the other examiners in turn, and assessed separately for the two age-groups. For DMFS/dmfs, agreement ranged from 44.3% to 82.2%. These results were discussed and where necessary the criteria were modified and/or made more stringent, so that they were clearcut and could be adhered to consistently. In a second calibration between the Swedish and the national examiner undertaken in each of the seven countries, the inter-examiner agreement (sensitivity) varied between 85.4% and 100%. The mean sensitivity for DMFS/dmfs after the total calibration procedures was 89.5% for the 12-year olds and 91.7 for the 5-year olds. The mean sensitivity for both age-groups together was 90.6% and the corresponding value for specificity was 98.9%.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Preoperative radiographic evaluation of implant sites by computed tomography. Radiation dose profiles.

The purpose of the present study was to compare radiation dose profiles for one and two mm slice thicknesses typically used for preoperative computed tomographic examination of potential implant sites. A Siemens Somatom DRH CT-system was used. A single two mm slice absorbed only 29% of the integral dose and a single one mm slice, absorbed only 17% of the integral dose. This is because the radiation beam was unchanged between the two different examinations. The integral dose is therefore identical for a single one mm slice and for a single two mm slice. When 10 consecutively two mm thick slices were exposed, approximately 50% of the integral dose was absorbed within the examined region. When 20 one mm thick slices were exposed, slightly less of the integral dose was absorbed within the examined region. This difference may be explained by uncertaines in the measuring instruments. The integral dose is, with the 10 two mm thick slices, half the integral dose compared to a serie of 20 one mm slices. In spite of a well restricted beam, more than half of the integral dose is absorbed outside the examined part. Consequently, during examination the thyroid gland, the eyes lens and the pituitary gland will be exposed to some irradiation.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1993

The effect of changed smoking habits on marginal alveolar bone loss. A longitudinal study.

Tobacco smoking is a factor claimed to be of influence on alveolar bone loss. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether the effect of changed smoking habits is associated with the progress of proximal marginal alveolar bone loss as measured on intraoral radiographs. The study comprised 349 individuals with twenty or more remaining teeth examined in 1970 and 1980. The bone loss in the period was measured as the difference in the ratios "bone height/root length" at proximal tooth sides between the two examinations. It was found that the marginal bone loss in "Non smokers in 1970 and 1980" was as a mean 3.9 per cent of the root length. The corresponding value among "Smokers 1970 and 1980" was 6.0 per cent. The difference is statistically significant (p = 0.001). In individuals who had given up smoking during the 10-year period (bone loss: 4.4 per cent) as compared with those who had smoked regularly, the progression of bone loss was significantly (p < 0.05) retarded. The result is in agreement with the hypothesis that giving up smoking produces favourable effects also with regard to the attachment of the teeth in the jaw-bone.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Preimplant radiographic assessment of available maxillary bone support. Comparison of tomographic and panoramic technique.

For maxillary implants it is essential that presurgical radiographic examination provides reliable assessment of the available bone support. Radiographic confirmation of the inclination of the alveolar crest is also necessary, to select optimum sites for insertion of implants. When preimplant radiographic assessment is based solely on a panoramic radiograph, only the bone height can be assessed and not the available bone volume or the inclination of the alveolar crest. Tomographic examination techniques allow for assessment not only of available bone height and volume but also of the inclination of the crest. In the present work tomographic and panoramic examinations of two cases are compared. The radiographic appearance of different alveolar crest forms is discussed. For preimplant assessment of the maxilla, tomography is the method of choice.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1986

Proximal alveolar bone loss in a longitudinal radiographic investigation. II. A 10-year follow-up study of an epidemiologic material.

Four hundred and six individuals from an unselected sample from the County of Stockholm aged 18-65 years in 1970 were examined radiographically in 1970 and 1980. The differences in proximal alveolar bone height were recorded, attention being paid to the divergences in projection between the two investigations. The mean of the alveolar bone difference was 5.5% of the mean root length, which corresponds to an average annual bone loss of 0.09 mm. Ninety per cent of the individuals had a difference in alveolar bone height of less than 10% of the root length--that is, an average bone loss of 1.6 mm or less during 10 years. By linear regression analysis it was shown that the difference in alveolar bone height is a function of the initial bone loss; that is, the greater the initial bone loss, the greater the alveolar bone loss during the 10-year period. The result of the regression analysis may facilitate predictions of alveolar bone loss.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Proximal alveolar bone loss in a longitudinal radiographic investigation. III. Some predictors with a possible influence on the progress in an unselected material.

The difference in proximal alveolar bone height between 1970 and 1980, the 'ABD index', has been measured longitudinally in radiographs from an unselected material. The group constitutes 406 individuals born in 1904-1952 in the county of Stockholm. Thirteen of 18 predictors determined in 1970 were significantly related to the ABD index in the simple correlation analyses. The predictor 'the alveolar bone loss 1970' ('ABL index 1970') had the strongest correlation to the ABD index. In the stepwise multiple regression analysis the predictor ABL index 1970 and three other predictors reached significant levels. These were age, number of lost teeth, and Russell's Periodontal Index.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Proximal alveolar bone loss in a longitudinal radiographic investigation. IV. Smoking and some other factors influencing the progress in individuals with at least 20 remaining teeth.

In Sweden people in all age groups now have more remaining teeth than previously. An investigation has been made to identify some predictors of alveolar bone loss in a 10-year period in subjects with at least 20 remaining teeth. The material consisted of 349 individuals, examined radiographically, clinically, and by interview in 1970 and in 1980. These subjects, born in 1904-1952, constituted a subgroup, with regard to remaining teeth, of an unselected sample of the population of the old county of Stockholm. In the unselected sample statistically significant predictors of alveolar bone loss found in a stepwise multiple regression analysis were alveolar bone loss in 1970, age, number of lost teeth, and Russell's Periodontal Index (PI). In the subgroup the predictors were in the order Russell's PI and smoking. The prediction values (R2) of further variables were marginal. The analyses showed that there was an interaction between PI and smoking, implying that the effect of smoking on alveolar bone loss was increased in individuals with high PI values. Furthermore, a tendency was found for a dose-response effect of tobacco consumption. This tendency almost disappeared when controlling for PI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Proximal alveolar bone loss in a longitudinal radiographic investigation. I. Methods of measurement and partial recording.

A longitudinal radiographic investigation was made of the progression of the proximal alveolar bone loss over a 10-year period (1970-1980). The material was unselected and consisted of 669 individuals in the county of Stockholm. Sixty-one individuals were randomly selected for evaluation of a recording system using alternative methods of measurement, and 90% of the measurement sites could then be assessed. The correlations between some of the methods were high, such as between measurement of alveolar bone height and root length and between alveolar bone height and tooth length. To reduce the number of measurements, a partial recording was made, giving a high correlation coefficient between the partial recording and total recording. When five measurement sites (12 m, 11 m, 33 d, 31 d, 41 m) were were used, the correlation coefficient was 0.96, and a slight increase of the coefficient was obtained when using additional sites.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Proximal alveolar bone loss in a longitudinal radiographic investigation.

The progression of proximal alveolar bone loss (ABD index) in an unselected material comprising 406 individuals was analysed by a longitudinal investigation over a period of ten years. In order to minimize the number of measurements and the drop-out of measurements of the difference in alveolar bone height between the two examinations a partial recording system was constructed. A partial index including five sites (12 m, 11 m, 33 d, 31 d, 41 m) gave high correlation to a total recording (r = 0.96). The best alternative in periapical radiographs to measuring the alveolar bone height in relation to the root length was to measure it in relation to the tooth length. This second method does not necessitate identification of the cemento-enamel junction. The mean alveolar bone difference was 5.5 per cent of the mean root length, which corresponds to an average bone loss of 0.09 mm per year. Eighteen variables were analysed as predictors in stepwise multiple regression analyses. The dependent variable was the "ABD index". Four predictors reached significance at 1 per cent level in the multivariate analysis, the alveolar bone loss 1970 ("ABL index 1970"), "Age", "Number of lost teeth" and "Russell's Periodontal Index" ("PI"). The coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.40. In a selected part of the material, consisting of individuals with at least 20 remaining teeth, the stepwise multiple regression analysis was repeated with the same 18 predictors. On this occasion two predictors reached significance at 1 per cent level, "PI" and "Smoking", and these two factors showed an interaction.

Adult↗